SR
Tratado de la Religión y Virtudes que debe tener el Príncipe Cristiano (The Religion and Virtues of the Christian Prince)/Book 1 · Tratado de la Religión y Virtudes que debe tener el Príncipe Cristiano — Libro Primero: De la religión que debe tener el príncipe
Chapter 8PrincipeCristiano.1.8

Que por lo que nuestra religion nos enseña de la excelencia y majestad de Dios, le debemos suma veneracion.

The Prince's Mirror: God's Law

The prince must keep God's law as his constant guide and mirror, ensuring divine favor and success in his reign.

This is the sum of everything the divine Scriptures teach us. In this is contained all that the Holy Spirit inspired in the prophets, preached through the apostles, and made known through the doctors of his Church—for the teaching of princes, for the instruction of their lives and the reward of their labors, and for the end and blessedness of their desires. Here is summed up everything that can be said on this point: that they keep God's law before their eyes; that it be their mirror, their model, their life, and their light; that they take counsel by it, lie down with it, rise with it, eat with it, work and rest with it, make peace and war by it, and give life or death to whoever deserves it.1 Let the first and last of their cares be to keep what God commands, and to revere and serve his most holy religion; because by this they will have God on their side—he who alone gives kingdoms and rules kings, and who enlightens them and gives them counsel so they know what they should undertake, courage to undertake it, strength and skill to carry it out, and success in the affairs they take up for his service.2 He is the one who provides them with riches and treasures in their greatest need; who uncovers and punishes the plots secretly woven and spun against princes; who turns aside and cuts short occasions for expense and war, strikes terror into their enemies, and gives them victory over them; and finally, who, as sovereign King and sole Monarch of the universe, makes glorious all the kings—his servants and ministers—who reign through him.3

The Majesty of the Creator

The Scriptures reveal God's absolute sovereignty, power, and incomprehensible greatness over all creation.

This is the first and most important thing that religion teaches us in general; but let's break it down further, unfolding this teaching and setting out more specifically what religion teaches us about it—which, to persuade us of what has already been established, teaches us in the divine Scriptures the deepest fear, the humblest reverence, and the heartfelt love we ought to have for God our Lord.4 To this end it makes plain to us that He is the one who created from nothing the heavens and the earth and all the elements, and every spiritual and bodily thing that has being. That He is almighty God, and that no one can resist His will, and that whoever would resist Him will be put to shame. That He is higher than heaven, deeper than hell, longer than the earth, and wider than the sea; because He is immense and incomprehensible, and though He fills all things, He is contained by none of them.5 That if He should unmake the world, lay the nations waste, and ruin all creation, there is no one who can call Him to account or say to Him: Lord, why do You do this?6 And that if He destroys, no one will be able to build, and if He shuts the door, no one will be able to open it; and that everything this great Lord wills is done in heaven and on earth, in the sea and in the depths.7 That countless armies of soldiers and angels attend and serve Him, to carry out whatever He commands them. And the pillars of heaven tremble before Him, and the thunder, lightning, and bolts go where He sends them, and return and say: Here we are.8 All creatures look upon His face and obey His will.9

The Wisdom and Goodness of the King of Kings

God's infinite wisdom, omniscience, and sacrificial love for humanity demand a life of constant circumspection and devotion.

Our religion teaches us that God is all-wise, an infinite ocean of wisdom; he has numbered every star and calls each by name; he knows the number of sand grains on the shore, the drops of rain that fall, and the total days in all the ages; he has measured the height of heaven, the breadth of the earth, and the depth of the abyss.10 He alone knows the past, the present, and the future; he pierces the most secret places of the human heart, and nothing is hidden from his eyes.11 It teaches us further: that this most great, most powerful, and most wise King is most rich; that magnificence, power, glory, victory, and praise are his; that all treasures are his; and that he alone is the true King, King of kings and Lord of lords; that he alone is invisible and immortal, the one who gives kingdoms and takes them away at his will, who gives the scepter and the crown to whom he pleases, and who, when it seems good to him, clothes in coarse cloth and sackcloth the princes who once went laden with silk and gold and jewels.12 It teaches us that he is supremely good—good by his essence and nature alone, the good of every good, the beginning and end of all things; and that by this natural and infinite goodness of his, without any need of us, he created us and shared with us the being we have, and made us capable of him and after his likeness and image; and that after we had defaced and erased that likeness by sin, he, by his pity and clemency alone, clothed himself in our fragile flesh, suffered endless labors and pains, and died naked between two thieves on a cross for love of us, to pay in his most blessed body the penalty our faults deserved; and that, being King of glory, he chose to give his life for the life of his slave, without needing him and without any motive for doing so except his own goodness and to show who he is.13 What fear, then, is owed to such a great Lord? What reverence is owed to such a powerful King? What respect is owed to a sovereign Prince of infinite majesty?14 With what care and circumspection must we live before the eyes of the one who is always watching us, and who reads in our hearts every thought, affection, desire, and concern?

A Response of Heartfelt Love

The ultimate response to God's majesty and sacrifice is a life of devoted, loving service.

With what sweet and heartfelt love should we serve the One who did and suffered so much for us?15

Read the original Latin

Esta es la suma de todo lo que nos enseñan las divinas letras. En esto se encierra cuanto el Espíritu Santo inspiró á los profetas, y predicó por los apóstoles, y publicó por los doctores de su Iglesia, para enseñanza de los príncipes, é instruccion de sus vidas y premio de sus trabajos, y fin y bienaventuranza de sus deseos. Aqui está cifrado todo lo que se puede decir á este propósito: que tengan la ley de Dios delante los ojos; que ella sea su espejo, su dechado, su vida y su luz; con ella se aconsejen, con ella se acuesten, con ella se levan ten, con ella coman, con ella trabajen y descansen, con ella hagan paz y guerra, den vida y muerte al que la mereciere. El primero y el postrero de sus cuidados sea guardar lo que Dios manda, y reverenciar y servir á su santísima religion; porque con esto tendrán de su parte á Dios, el cual solo da los reinos y rige los reyes, y los alumbra y da consejo, para que sepan lo que deben emprender, y ánimo para emprenderlo, y fuerzas é industria para ejecutarlo, y buen suceso á los negocios que se toman por su servicio. Él es el que les provee de riquezas y tesoros en la mayor necesidad; cl que descubre y castiga las tramas que se urden y tejen secretamente contra los príncipes; el que divierte y corta las ocasiones de gastos y de guerras, y pone espanto á los enemigos, y les da vitoria contra ellos; y finalmente, el que como Rey soberano y solo Monarca del universo, hace gloriosos áú todos los reyes, sus criados y ministros, que relnan por El.

Esto es lo primero y más principal que la misma religion, en general, nos enseña; pero vamos desmenuzando esto más, y desenvolviendo esta dotrina, y poniendo más en particular lo quo acerca desto nos enseña esta misma religion; la cual, para persuadirnos esto que queda declarado, nos enseña cn las divinas letras el temor profundisimo y la reverencia humildísima y el amor entrañable que debemos tener á Dios nuestro Señor. Para esto nos manifiesta que El es el que crió de nada los cielos y la tierra y todos los elementos, y cuantas cosas espirituales y corporales tienen sér. Que es Dios todopoderoso, y que ninguno puede resistir á su voluntad, y que el que le quisiere resistir quedará confuso. Que es más alto que el cielo, y más profundo que el infierno, y más largo que la tierra, y más ancho que la mar; porque cs inmenso é incomprensible, y con henchir todas las cosas, no es comprendido de ninguna dellas. Quo si deshiciere el mundo y asoláre las gentes y arruináro todo lo criado, no hay quien le pueda pedir cuenta, ni decirle: Señor, ¿por qué lo haceis? Y que si Él destruyero, ninguno podrá edificar, y si El cerráre la puerta, ninguno la podrá abrir, y que todo lo que quiere este gran Señor, se hace en el ciclo y en la tierra, en la mar y en los abismos. Que le asisten y sirven innumerables ejércitos de soldados y ángeles, para ejecutar lo que les fuere por El mandado. Y las colunas del ciclo tiemblan delante dél, y los truenos, relámpagos y rayos van donde El les manda, y vuelven, y dicen: Aquí estamos.

Y todas las criaturas miran su rostro y obedecen ásu voluntad.

Enséñanos nuestra religion que este Dios es sapientísimo, y un piélago iufinito de sabiduría; que tiene contadas todas las estrellas, y llama á cada una dellas por su nombre, y sabe cuántos granos de arena hay en la orilla del mar, y cuántas gotas de agua en la pluvia, cuántos dias en todos los siglos, y tiene medida la altura del cielo y la latitud de la tierra y la profundidad del abismo. Y solo sabe las cosas pasadas, presentes y por venir, y penctra lo más secreto de los corazones de los hombres, y que para sus ojos no lay cosa oculta ni escondida. Enséñanos más: que oste grandísimo y poderosisimo y sapientísimo Rey es riquisimo; que es suya la magnificencia, la potencia, la gloria, la vitoria, la alabanza, y que todos los tesoros son suyos, y Él solo es verdadero Rey, y Rey de los reyes y Señor de los señores; que solo es invisible é inmortal, y el que da los reinos y los quita á su voluntad, y da el cetro y la corona á quien es servido, y cuando le parece, viste de Jerga y de sayal á los príncipes que andaban cargados de seda y de oro y de joyas. Enséñanos que es sumamente bueno, y solo por su esencia y naturaleza bueno, y bien de todos los bienes, y principio y fin de todas las cosas, y que por esta su natural é infinita bondad, sin tener ninguna necesidad de nosotros, nos crió y comunicó el ser que tenemos, y nos hizo capaces de si y á su semcjanza é imágen, y que habiéndola nosotros afcado y borrado por el pecado, El, por su sola piedad y clemencia, se vistió de nuestra frágil carne, y padeció infinitos trabajos y penas, y murió desnudo entre dos ladrones en una cruz por nuestro amor, para pagar en su benditisimo cuerpo la pena que nuestras culpas merecian; y siendo Rey de gloria, quiso dar su vida por la vida de su esclavo, sin tener necesidad del, ni tener otro motivo para hacerlo, sino su misma bondad y mostrar quién es. Pues ¿qué temor se debe á un Señor tan grande? ¿Qué reverencia á un Rey tan poderoso? ¿Qué respeto á uu Principe soberano de infinita majestad? ¿Con qué recato y circunspeccion debemos vivir en los ojos de quien nos está siempre mirando, y lee en nuestros corazones todos nuestros pensamientos, afectos, deseos y cuidados?

¿Con qué amor tan dulce y tan entrañable debemos servir ¿ quien tanto hizo y padeció por nos?

Scripture echoes

  1. Job.9.4;Job.9.12;Rom.9.19Wise in heart and mighty in strength—who has hardened himself against him and succeeded? Job.9.12 — If he snatches away, who can turn him back? Who can say to him, What are you doing? Rom.9.19 — You will then say to me, 'Why does he still find fault? For who has resisted his will?'
  2. Job.11.8-Job.11.9The heights of heaven—what can you do? Deeper than Sheol—what can you know? Job.11.9 — Its measure is longer than the earth and broader than the sea.
  3. Job.12.14;Isa.22.22;Rev.3.7Behold, if He tears down, it cannot be rebuilt; if He shuts a man in, it cannot be opened. Isa.22.22 — I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder; he will open and no one will shut, and he will shut and no one will open. Rev.3.7 — And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: These things says the Holy One, the True One, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut, and shuts and no one opens.
  4. Ps.135.6Whatever the LORD pleased, he did—in the heavens and in the earth, in the seas and all the deeps.
  5. Ps.103.20-Ps.103.21;Dan.7.10;Heb.12.22;Rev.5.11Bless the LORD, you his angels, mighty in strength, who do his word, listening for the voice of his word. Ps.103.21 — Bless the LORD, all you his hosts, you his servants who do his will. Dan.7.10 — A river of fire flowed and poured out before him. A thousand thousands served him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him. The court sat in judgment, and the books were opened. Heb.12.22 — But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels, Rev.5.11 — And I saw, and I heard the voice of many angels around the throne and the living creatures and the elders; and the number of them was myriads of myriads and thousands of thousands.
  6. Job.26.11The pillars of heaven tremble and are astonished at his rebuke.
  7. Ps.147.4He counts the number of the stars; to all of them he gives names.
  8. Heb.4.13And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.
  9. Jer.17.10I, the LORD, search the heart, test the kidneys, and give to each person according to their ways, according to the fruit of their deeds.
  10. 1Tim.6.15;Rev.19.16which he will display in his own time—the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of those who reign and Lord of those who rule. Rev.19.16 — And on his robe and on his thigh he has a name written: King of kings and Lord of lords.
  11. 1Tim.1.17Now to the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
  12. Dan.2.21And it is He who changes the times and the seasons; He removes kings and sets up kings; He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to those who have understanding.
  13. Gen.1.26-Gen.1.27Then God said, "Let us make man in our image, according to our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth." Gen.1.27 — So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.

Notes

  1. 1Source reads "se levan ten"; translated as the intended "se levanten" (rise), a clear line-break/OCR split.
  2. 2"santísima religion" rendered as "most holy religion" in the confessional/public-worship sense of Christian faith and practice, not monastic "religious life."
  3. 3Restored obvious print/OCR corruptions in the normalized Spanish: "cl que" → "el que"; "áú todos" → "á todos"; "relnan" → "reinan". "divierte" taken in the older sense "turns aside/diverts," not "entertains."
  4. 4Normalized OCR/print forms: lo quo→lo que; cn→en; dotrina→doctrina; profundisimo→profundísimo.
  5. 5Normalized cs→es (porque es inmenso).
  6. 6Normalized Quo→Que; arruináro→arruinare (future subjunctive series with deshiciere/asoláre).
  7. 7Normalized destruyero→destruyere; ciclo→cielo (en el cielo y en la tierra).
  8. 8Normalized colunas→columnas; ciclo→cielo (columnas del cielo).
  9. 9Source has «ásu» (clearly «á su» / “to His”); translated as “His will.”
  10. 10Source reading 'iufinito' treated as 'infinito' (infinite); 'pluvia' as rain (lluvia/pluvia).
  11. 11Source 'penctra' read as 'penetra'; 'no lay' as 'no hay'.
  12. 12Source 'oste' read as 'este'; 'vitoria' as 'victoria'. 'Jerga' and 'sayal' rendered as coarse cloth and sackcloth (humble, rough garments).
  13. 13Source 'semcjanza' read as 'semejanza'; 'afcado' as 'afeado' (defaced/disfigured); 'benditisimo' as 'benditísimo'.
  14. 14Source 'uu' read as 'un'.
  15. 15Source has a stray inverted question mark mid-clause ("servir ¿ quien"); treated as intended "servir a quien" / "servir quien". "por nos" read as archaic "por nosotros" ("for us").

Tratado de la Religión y Virtudes que debe tener el Príncipe Cristiano (The Religion and Virtues of the Christian Prince) companion

Rule yourself daily, not just on retreat

Chosen Portion turns the mirror into a daily practice — a short reading and examining question each morning before you lead anyone.

Chosen Portion makes the mirror daily: the ruler-formation questions this collection preserves become a two-minute morning examination in the app.

  • A daily formation reading drawn from centuries of counsel to those in authority
  • One pointed examination question a day — two minutes, before the meetings start
  • Track your practice over weeks and watch the examined life become a habit
Chosen Portion — Daily Prayer (free iOS app)