Capítulo 6. De dos causas de las tentaciones sensuales; y que medios habernos de usar contra ellas cuando nacen de la impugnación del demonio.
Discerning the Source of Temptation
The author distinguishes between temptations arising from the flesh and those instigated by the devil, noting that demonic assaults are marked by their intensity and intrusion into sacred moments.
We should carefully note that the remedy we've discussed—afflicting the flesh—is usually helpful when the temptation arises from the flesh itself, as often happens with young people and those who are healthy and pampered. In those cases, it helps to apply the remedy to the flesh, since the root of the sickness lies there.12 At other times, however, this temptation comes from the devil. You can tell because he attacks the soul more with thoughts and foul imaginings than with foul sensations in the body. If those bodily sensations do occur, the temptation didn't start with them; rather, it began in the thoughts, and the physical sensation followed. Even when the body is extremely weak and all but dead, these evil thoughts can still be fiercely alive, just as Saint Jerome described in his own experience. They have another mark as well: they arrive persistently, exactly when a person least wants them and when there is the least occasion for them. They show no reverence for times of prayer, for Mass, or for sacred places—places where a person, however bad, usually shows respect and avoids such thoughts. Sometimes these thoughts are so numerous and of such a nature that a person has never heard of, known, or imagined the things that are now presenting themselves.3 From the force with which they arrive and the things a person hears within, he senses that they don't arise from himself, but that another is speaking them and producing them. When these and other similar signs are present, take it as certain that this is the devil's persecution in the flesh, and that it doesn't arise from the flesh, even though it is suffered in the flesh.4 This war is more dangerous than the one before it, because the one who wages it hates us bitterly and is a tireless enemy in making war—whether we are awake or asleep, and at every time and place.
The Remedy of Holy Occupation
Saint Jerome's example of labor and monastic discipline is presented as the primary defense against the idle thoughts and foul imaginings caused by the enemy.
And the remedy for this evil is to take up some good occupation that puts you under care and hard work, so that by it you can forget those foul imaginings. To this end, Saint Jerome tells us he set himself to study the Hebrew language with great labor—though not without fruit—and he says: "Always do some good work, so that the devil may find you well occupied." Speaking on this same point—how profitable monastic life is for this—he advises: "In it, fulfill each day whatever is charged to you; be subject to someone you would not choose; go to bed tired, and fall asleep while still on your feet; and before you have had your fill of sleep, be forced to get up; say your Psalm when your turn comes; serve the brothers; wash the guests' feet; and when you are insulted, keep silent. Fear the abbot of the monastery as you would the Lord, love him as a father, and believe that everything he commands you is for your good. Do not judge your superiors, since your duty is to obey and carry out what is commanded, as Moses says: Hear, O Israel, and be silent."✦5 By being occupied with so many tasks, you will have no room for other thoughts; and moving from one work to another, you will keep in mind only what you are presently forced to do." This is what Saint Jerome says. In keeping with this, monasteries used to train young men in good occupations more than in solitude and long prayer, because of the danger that can and often does come to them from their flesh and unmortified passions.
Balance in Prayer and Perseverance
The author advises on the necessity of balancing prayer with work, warning beginners that the devil will fight hardest during prayer, and providing strategies for perseverance in the face of intense spiritual warfare.
Although this rule has exceptions, because people have different dispositions and particular gifts from God; for which reason long prayer can justly be given to the young man and taken away from the old. And when I said they did not put the young man to long prayer, I mean the kind that takes up almost all his time and is treated as if it were his job.6 Because not having some stretches of it would be a very great error, on account of the goods he would lose; and because even to do one's work well, one needs to gain spirit and strength in prayer; otherwise those who are busy usually complain and go about sour, like a loaded cart that has not been greased with the softness of devotion. Beginners should be warned that the devil especially tries to bring them such imaginations during prayer, so that they will abandon it and he can rest. For although the devil wearies us greatly with his temptations, we weary him far more, and our devout prayers burn him; and that is why he tries to keep us from praying them, or to make us pray them poorly. But we must, as if in stubborn contest, work as hard as we can not to abandon our practice, since the persecution we suffer in it shows clearly how profitable it is for us.7 And if the war presses us so hard while we are praying mentally, and we feel great danger from such imaginations, then as a last resort we must pray aloud, strike our breasts, hurt our flesh, cross our arms, lift our hands and eyes to heaven, asking help of our Lord—so that, in the end, that time we had set aside for prayer may still be well spent; or do something that diverts us, especially speak with some good person who will strengthen us—though this too must be only as a last resort, because our weakness is not overcome by trying to win by fleeing, and our enemy would make us lose both the place of our fight and the strength to fight; for, in the end, the merciful and mighty Lord will command, when it is good for us, that our adversary be silent and no longer hinder that secret, friendly conversation we used to have with Him.8910
Read the original Latin
Debemos mucho advertir que el remedió que habernos dicho de afligir la carne suele ser provechoso cuando la tentación nace de la misma carne, como suele acaecer a los mozos y a los que tienen buena salud y regalada su carne; y entonces aprovecha poner el remedio en ella, pues está en ella la raíz de la enfermedad.
Mas otras veces viene esta tentación de parte del demonio; y verse ha ser así, en que más combate con pensamientos y feas imaginaciones del ánima, que con feos sentimientos del cuerpo; o si los hay, no es porque la tentación comience en ellos, mas comenzando por pensamientos, resulta el sentimiento en la carne; la cual algunas veces estando flaquísima y como muerta, están los malos pensamientos vivísimos, como a San Jerónimo acaecía, según él lo cuenta. Y tienen también otra señal, que es venir importunamente y cuando el hombre menos querría, y menos ocasión hay para ello. Y ni acatan reverencia a tiempos de oración, ni de misa, ni lugares sagrados, en los cuales un hombre, por malo que sea, suele tener acatamiento y abstenerse de pensar estas cosas. Y algunas veces son tantos y, tales estos pensamientos, que el hombre nunca oyó, ni supo, ni imaginó tales cosas como se le ofrecen. Y en la fuerza con que vienen, y cosas que oye interiormente, siente el hombre que no nacen de él, sino que otro las dice y las hace. Cuando estas y otras señales semejantes hubiere, tened por alerto que es persecución del demonio en la carne, y que no nace de ella, aunque se padece en ella. La cual guerra es más peligrosa que la pasada, por querernos muy mal quien la hace, y por ser enemigo tan infatigable para guerrear, velando y durmiendo, y en todo tiempo y lugar.
Y el remedio de este mal es procurar alguna buena ocupación que ponga en cuidado y trabajo, con el cual pueda olvidar aquellas feas imaginaciones. Y a este intento procuró San Jerónimo, según él mismo lo cuenta, de estudiar la lengua hebrea con mucho trabajo, aunque no sin fruto, y dice: «Haz siempre alguna buena obra porque te halle el demonio bien ocupado.» Y también hablando en este propósito, de cuan provechosa es para esto la vida de los monasterios, le aconseja diciendo: «Y en ella cumplas cada día lo que te fuere encargado, y seas sujeto a quien no querrías, y vayas cansado a la cama, y andando te caigas dormido; y sin haber cumplido con el sueño seas constreñido a te levantar, y digas tu Salmo cuando te viniere, y sirvas a los hermanos, y laves los pies a los huéspedes; y siendo injuriado, calles, y temas, como al señor al abad del monasterio, y le ames como a padre, y creas que todo lo que él te mandare es cosa que te conviene, y no juzgues a tus mayores, pues que tu oficio es obedecer y cumplir lo mandado, según dice Moisés: Oye, Israel, y calla. Y estando ocupado en tantos negocios, no tendrás lugar para otros pensamientos; y pasando de una obra en otra, aquello solamente tendrás en la memoria, que de presente eres constreñido a hacer.» Esto dice San Jerónimo. Y conforme a esto, se usaba entonces en los monasterios ejercitar a los mozos en buenas ocupaciones, más que en soledad y larga oración, por el peligro que de parte de su carne y pasiones no mortificadas les puede y suele venir.
Aunque esta regla tiene excepciones, por haber en las personas disposiciones diversas y dones particulares de Dios; por lo cual con justa causa puede darse la oración larga al mozo y quitarse al viejo. Y dije que no ocupaban al mozo en larga oración: entiendo de aquella en la cual se gasta casi todo el tiempo, y se tiene como por oficio. Porque no tener algunos ratos de ella sería yerro muy grande, por los bienes que perdería; y porque aun para bien hacer la ocupación es menester ganar espíritu y fuerzas en la oración; que de otra manera suelen los ocupados quejarse y andar desabridos, como carro cargado y no untado con la blandura de la devoción.
Y estén advertidos los principiantes a que el demonio particularmente procura de traerles las tales imaginaciones al tiempo de la oración, por hacer que la dejen y descanse él. Porque aunque el demonio nos fatiga mucho con sus tentaciones, mucho más le fatigamos a él y le queman nuestras devotas oraciones; y por eso procura que no las hagamos, o que las hagamos mal hechas. Mas nosotros debemos, como a porfía, trabajar todo lo que nos fuere posible por no dejar nuestro ejercicio, pues en la persecución que en él tenemos se demuestra bien cuan provechoso nos es. Y si tanto nos acosare la guerra haciendo la oración mentalmente, y sintiéremos mucho peligro por las tales imaginaciones, debemos a más no poder orar vocalmente, y herir nuestros pechos, lastimar nuestra carne, poner los brazos en cruz, alzar las manos y los ojos al cielo pidiendo socorro a nuestro Señor; de manera que, en fin, se gaste bien aquel rato que para orar teníamos diputado; o hacer algo que nos divierta, especialmente hablar con alguna buena persona que nos esfuerce; aunque esto ha de ser a más no poder, porque no se vence nuestra flaqueza a querer vencer huyendo, y nos haga nuestro enemigo perder el lugar de nuestra pelea y las fuerzas de pelear; que, en fin, el Señor piadoso y poderoso mandará, cuando nos convenga, que nuestro adversario calle, y no nos impida nuestra secreta y amigable habla que solíamos tener con El.
Scripture echoes
- ↩Deut.6.4 — Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one.
Notes
- 1 ↩Source reads «remedió»; translated as «remedio» (remedy), which matches the later correct form in the same sentence and the sense of the clause.
- 2 ↩Early modern «habernos dicho» rendered as «we've spoken of» / «we have said»; equivalent to modern «hemos dicho» / «habemos dicho».
- 3 ↩Source has a stray comma in «tantos y, tales»; translated as the natural reading «tantos y tales» (so many and of such a kind).
- 4 ↩«tened por alerto» is archaic; rendered as the instructional idiom «take it as certain». If a stricter historical reading is preferred, «be on the alert» is also possible.
- 5 ↩«Oye, Israel, y calla» pairs the Deuteronomic «Hear, O Israel» with «and be silent»; the second half is not the standard Shema text and may be a free paraphrase, conflation, or traditional paraphrase rather than a direct verse citation.
- 6 ↩Spanish «como por oficio» means treated as one's ordinary duty/occupation; rendered as 'job' for plain modern register, without flattening the sense of assigned spiritual duty.
- 7 ↩como a porfía: rendered as 'as if in stubborn contest' (obstinate, contending persistence against the enemy).
- 8 ↩a más no poder: 'as a last resort' / 'when we can do no more'—used twice of fall-back means (vocal prayer and diversion).
- 9 ↩divierta: older sense 'divert/distract us' from the imaginations, not entertain.
- 10 ↩lastimar nuestra carne: bodily penance (strike/hurt the flesh) as emergency resistance during temptation in prayer, not generic self-harm.
Audi Filia (Hear, O Daughter) companion
Rule yourself daily, not just on retreat
Chosen Portion turns the mirror into a daily practice — a short reading and examining question each morning before you lead anyone.
Chosen Portion makes the mirror daily: the ruler-formation questions this collection preserves become a two-minute morning examination in the app.
- A daily formation reading drawn from centuries of counsel to those in authority
- One pointed examination question a day — two minutes, before the meetings start
- Track your practice over weeks and watch the examined life become a habit