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Audi Filia (Hear, O Daughter)/Book 1 · Libro espiritual sobre el verso «Audi, filia, et vide»
Chapter 5AudiFilia.1.5

Capítulo 5. De cuánto debemos huir los regalos de la carne; y cómo es peligrosísimo enemigo; y de qué medios nos habernos de aprovechar para vencerlo.

The Treachery of Sensual Pleasure

The flesh is a dangerous domestic enemy that uses the allure of pleasure to lead the soul toward spiritual death.

The flesh talks about comforts and pleasures—sometimes plainly, and other times under the guise of necessity. This enemy’s war is not only very troublesome, but even more dangerous, because she fights with pleasures, which are more powerful weapons than any others. You can see this in how many have been conquered by pleasures who were never conquered by money, honors, or harsh torments. It’s no wonder, for her warfare is so hidden and so treacherous that you need great vigilance to guard yourself against her. Who would believe that death—eternal death—comes hidden under soft pleasures, when death is the bitterest thing there is, and pleasures are pure sweetness itself?1 A golden cup with poison inside: that is the false pleasure by which people are intoxicated when they look only at the outward appearance. It is the treachery of Joab, who killed Amasa while embracing him, and of Judas Iscariot, who with a false greeting of peace handed his blessed Master over to death.2 And so it is: when you drink the pleasure of mortal sin, Christ dies in the soul; and with Him dead, the soul dies, because its life comes from Him. And so Saint Paul says: If you live according to the flesh, you will die. And in another place: The widow who lives for pleasure is dead while she is still living—alive in the life of the body, but dead in the life of the soul. And the more closely the flesh is joined to us, the more we ought to fear it; for the Lord says that a man's enemies are those of his own household; and this one is not only of the household, but of the two walls our house has—she is one of them.3

The Cost of Holy Chastity

Chastity is a precious jewel that must be won through persistent prayer and rigorous spiritual labor.

And for this and other reasons there are, Saint Augustine said that “the battle with the flesh was continual, and the victory hard”; and whoever wants to come out the victor needs to go armed with many and very strong weapons. The precious jewel of chastity isn't given to everyone, but to those who win it from our Lord with the sweat of persistent prayer and holy labors.4 He chose to be wrapped in a clean linen sheet—cloth that goes through many harsh processes before it becomes white—to make clear that the one who wants to gain or keep the good of chastity, and to lodge Christ within as in another tomb, must win this purity at great cost and with much labor: and it is so rich that, however much it costs, it is always bought cheap.5

Disciplining the Body

Bodily mortification, such as fasting and labor, serves as a necessary medicine for those assailed by the flesh.

And just as harsher works of penance and satisfaction are required of the one who has greatly offended our Lord than of the one who has offended less, so too—although everyone who lives in this flesh ought to fear it, guard against it, restrain it, and rule it with wise temperance—those who are especially assailed by it need particular remedies and labors. Therefore, anyone who feels this need should first treat their flesh harshly: by cutting back on food and sleep, by using a hard bed and hair shirts, and by other fitting means to work it hard. As Saint Jerome says, "By fasting, the plagues of the flesh are healed." Saint Hilarion used to say to his own flesh, "I will tame you and make you stop kicking, so that, hungry and worn out, you think of eating before you think of frolicking." Saint Jerome advises the virgin Eustochium that, even though she was raised on delicate foods, she should take great care with abstinence and bodily labors, assuring her that without this medicine she won't be able to possess chastity. If this treatment leads to weakness in the flesh or harm to health, the same Saint Jerome answers elsewhere: "It is better that the stomach ache than the soul; it is better that you command the body than serve it; and it is better that the legs tremble from weakness than that chastity waver."6 It is true that he says elsewhere that fasts shouldn't be so excessive that they weaken the stomach; he also rebukes some he knew who nearly lost their minds through too much abstinence and night vigils.7

Prudence and Temperance in the Spiritual Life

Spiritual discipline requires discernment and the avoidance of idleness, as chastity and temperance are inseparable virtues.

For these things no general rule can be given that fits everyone; for some do well with certain means, and others do not; and what harms one person's health does not harm another's. And it is one thing when the war is so fierce that it puts a person at risk of losing chastity—because then it is right to put the body at any risk in order to keep the life of the soul; and it is another thing to fight a moderate temptation, from which no such danger is feared and which does not need so much hard labor to overcome.8 And choosing in these matters the measure that is fitting falls to whoever is a prudent guide of the person tempted; both sides must offer humble prayer to the Lord, that He may give His light in it. And since Saint Paul, a vessel of election, does not trust his flesh, but says that he disciplines it and makes it serve, so that while he preaches to others that they be good he himself may not be found bad by falling into some sin—how shall we think that we will be chaste without disciplining our body, when we have less virtue than he and greater reasons to fear?9 Humility is very poorly kept among honors, temperance among abundance, and chastity among comforts. And if someone would deserve mockery who wanted to put out a fire burning in his house while he himself threw very dry wood on it, far more deserving of mockery is the one who on the one hand desires chastity and on the other fills his flesh with rich food and comfort and gives himself to idleness; because these things not only fail to put out a fire already lit, but are enough to kindle it even in someone who had it well put out.10 And since the Prophet Ezekiel testifies that the reason the wretched city of Sodom reached the height of such abominable11 sin was the fullness and abundance of bread and the idleness she had—who will dare to live in comforts or idleness, or even look on them from afar, since the things that were enough to work the greatest evil will all the more easily work the lesser ones?12 So, let whoever loves chastity also love temperance and the hard treatment of the flesh. If someone wants one without the other, they won't succeed; instead, they’ll end up with neither.13 No one should try to pull apart what God has joined together—and no one can, even if they want to.

Read the original Latin

La carne habla regalos y deleites; unas veces claramente, y otras debajo de título de necesidad. Y la guerra de esta enemiga, allende de ser muy enojosa, es más peligrosa, porque combate con deleites, que son armas más fuertes que otras. Lo cual parece en que muchos han sido de los deleites vencidos, que no lo fueron por dineros, ni honras, ni recios tormentos. Y no es maravilla, pues es su guerra tan escondida y tan a traición, que es menester mucho aviso para se guardar de ella. ¿Quién creerá que debajo de blandos deleites viene escondida la muerte, y muerte eterna, siendo la muerte lo más amargo que hay, y los deleites el mismo sabor? Copa de oro y ponzoña de dentro, es el falso deleite, con el cual son embriagados los hombres que no miran sino a la apariencia de fuera. Traición es de Joab que abrazando a Amasas lo mató; y de Judas Iscariotes, que con falsa paz entregó a la muerte o su bendito Maestro. Y así es, que en bebiendo del deleite del pecado mortal, muere Cristo en el alma; y Él muerto, el ánima muere; porque la vida de ella viene de Él.

Y así dice San Pablo: Si según la carne viviéredes, moriréis. Y en otra parte: La viuda que en deleites está, viviendo está muerta: viva en la vida del cuerpo, y muerta en la del ánima. Y cuanto la carne es a nos más conjunta, tanto más nos conviene temerla; pues el Señor dice que los enemigos del hombre son los de su casa; y ésta no sólo es de casa, mas de dos paredes que tiene nuestra casa, ella es la una.

Y por esta y otras causas que hay, dijo San Agustín que «la pelea de la carne era continua, y la victoria dificultosa»; y quien quisiere salir vencedor, de muchas y muy fuertes armas le conviene ir armado. Porque la preciosa joya de la castidad no se da a todos, mas a los que con muchos sudores de importunas oraciones y de santos trabajos la alcanzan de nuestro Señor. El cual quiso ser envuelto en sábana limpia de lienzo, que pasa por muchas asperezas para venir a ser blanco; para dar a entender que el varón que desea alcanzar o conservar el bien da la castidad, y aposentar a Cristo en sí como en otro sepulcro, conviene le con mucha costa y trabajos ganar esta limpieza: la cual es tan rica que, por mucho que cueste, siempre se compra barato.

Y así como se piden otros trabajos más ásperos de penitencia y satisfacción al que mucho ha ofendido a nuestro Señor que a quien menos, así, aunque a todos los que en esta carne viven convenga temerla, y guardarse de ella, y enfrenarla, y regirla con prudente templanza, mas los que particularmente son de ella guerreados, particulares remedios y trabajos han menester. Por tanto, quien esta necesidad sintiere en sí mismo, debe primeramente tratar con aspereza su carne, con apocarle la comida y el sueño, con dureza de cama, y de cilicios, y otros convenientes medios con que la trabaje. Porque, según San Jerónimo dice: «Con el ayuno se sanan las pestilencias de la carne»; y San Hilarión, que decía a su propia carne: «Yo te domaré y haré que no tires coces, sino que, de hambrienta y trabajada, pienses antes en comer que en retozar.» Y San Jerónimo aconseja a Eustoquio, virgen, que aunque ha sido criada con delicados manjares, tenga gran cuenta con la abstinencia y trabajos del cuerpo, afirmándole que sin esta medicina no podrá poseer la castidad. Y si de acueste tratamiento se sigue flaqueza a la carne, o daño a la salud, responde el mismo San Jerónimo en otra parte: «Más vale que duela, el estómago, que no el alma; y mejor es que mandes al cuerpo, que no que le sirvas: y que tiemblen las piernas de flaqueza, que no que vacile la castidad.» Verdad es que en otra parte dice que no sean les ayunos tan excesivos, que debiliten el estómago; y en otra parte reprende a algunos que él conoció haber corrido peligro de perder el juicio por la mucha abstinencia y vigilias.

Para estas cosas no se puede dar una general regla que cuadre a todos; pues unos se hallan bien con unos medios, y otros no; y lo que daña a uno en su salud, a otro no. Y una cosa es ser la guerra tan grande, que pone al hombre a riesgo de perder la castidad, porque entonces a cualquier riesgo conviene poner el cuerpo por quedar con la vida del alma; y otra cosa es pelear con una mediana tentación, de la cual no se teme tanto peligro ni ha menester tanto trabajo para la vencer. Y el tomar en estas cosas el medio que conviene, está a cargo del que fuere guia prudente de la persona tentada; habiendo de parte de entrambos humilde oración al Señor, para que dé en ello su luz. Y pues San Pablo, vaso de elección, no se fía de su carne, mas dice que la castiga y la hace servir, porque predicando él a otros que sean buenos, no sea él hallado malo cayendo en algún pecado, ¿cómo pensaremos nosotros, que seremos castos sin castigar nuestro cuerpo, pues tenemos menos virtud que él, y mayores causas para temer? Muy mal se guarda la humildad entre honras, y templanza entre abundancia, y castidad entre los regalos: Y si sería digno de escarnio quien quisiese, apagar el fuego que arde en su casa y él mismo le echase leña muy seca, muy más digno de escarnio, es quien por una parte desea la castidad, y por otra hinche de manjares y de regalo su carne, y se da a la ociosidad; porque estas cosas no sólo no apagan el fuego encendido, mas bastan a encenderlo á quien muy apagado lo tuviere. Y pues el Profeta Ezequiel da testimonio que la causa por que aquélla desventurada ciudad de Sodoma llegó a la cumbre de tan abominable. pecado, fué la hartura y abundancia de pan y ociosidad que tenía, «quién osará vivir en regalos ni ocio, ni aun verlos de lejos, pues los que fueron bastantes a hacer el mayor mal, con más facilidad harán los menores. Ame, pues, la templanza y mal tratamiento de su carne quien es amador de la castidad; porque si lo uno quiere tener sin lo otro, no saldrá con ello, mas antes se quedará sin entrambas cosas.

Que a los que Dios juntó, ni los debe el hombre querer apartar, ni puede aunque quiera.

Scripture echoes

  1. Jer.51.7;Rev.17.4Babylon was a golden cup in the hand of the LORD, making the whole earth drunk; from her wine the nations drank—therefore the nations rave. Rev.17.4 — And the woman was clothed in purple and scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious stone and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and the unclean things of her sexual immorality.
  2. John.19.40So they took the body of Jesus and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews.

Notes

  1. 1«el mismo sabor» rendered as pure sweetness itself (savor/taste as the essence of pleasure), contrasting with death as what is most bitter.
  2. 2Source reads «entregó a la muerte o su bendito Maestro»; translated as the intended «a su bendito Maestro» (handed his blessed Master over to death). The «o» is almost certainly a typographic/transmission error for «a».
  3. 3«De dos paredes… ella es la una»: the flesh is cast as one of the two structural walls of the human dwelling (body/soul house), so the enemy is not merely a household member but part of the house itself.
  4. 4importunas oraciones: rendered as persistent prayer (importunate / insistent petition), not merely routine prayer.
  5. 5Source reads «el bien da la castidad»; translated as the good of chastity (el bien de la castidad), the only sense that fits the syntax and the chapter’s argument.
  6. 6Source reading «acueste» is almost certainly a printer/OCR error for «aqueste» (“this”); translated as “this treatment.”
  7. 7Source «no sean les ayunos» is almost certainly «no sean los ayunos»; translated accordingly as “fasts should not be.”
  8. 8"poner el cuerpo por quedar con la vida del alma" is rendered as risking the body to preserve the soul's life—the ascetic trade-off, not literal self-destruction.
  9. 9"vaso de elección" kept as the traditional biblical title "vessel of election" (Acts 9:15).
  10. 10"regalos" rendered as "comforts" (fleshly ease/pampering), matching the chapter's "regalos de la carne," not gift-giving.
  11. 11Source sentence is cut mid-phrase at "tan abominable"; the sense continues in AudiFilia.1.5.5.s7 with "pecado...".
  12. 12Continues the incomplete clause from s6. Source opens a « quotation without a matching close; treated as the author's rhetorical question, not a closed Scripture quote.
  13. 13"mal tratamiento de su carne" rendered as "hard treatment of the flesh" (ascetic austerity), not abuse in a modern pejorative sense.

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