Canción XXIX
Abiding in Love Alone
The soul explains that in the state of union of love, she must abandon exterior works to abide in pure love, following the example of Mary Magdalene and the Bride in the Song of Songs.
Note on the following song Truly, this soul is lost to all things and is won only in love, no longer giving its spirit to anything else. For that reason she even falters at what belongs to the active life and other exterior exercises, so as to truly fulfill the one thing alone that the Bridegroom said was necessary: remaining present with Him and the continual practice of love in God. He prizes and values this so highly that, just as He rebuked Martha because she wanted to draw Mary away from His feet to occupy her with other active works in the Lord's service—thinking she herself was doing everything and Mary was doing nothing, since Mary was delighting with the Lord, when it was quite the reverse, for there is no work better or more necessary than love—so too in the Song of Songs He defends the Bride, adjuring all the creatures of the world, understood there as the daughters of Jerusalem, not to hinder the Bride's spiritual sleep of love, nor make her wake or open her eyes to anything else until she herself wishes: "I adjure you, daughters of Jerusalem, not to awaken or stir up the beloved until she herself wishes."12 Note that, as long as the soul has not reached this state of union of love, it is fitting for her to practice love in both the active life and the contemplative life; but once she has reached it, it is not fitting for her to occupy herself with other exterior works and exercises that are not obligatory and that could hinder even a little of that abiding in love in God, even if they are of great service to Him—because a little of this pure love is more precious before Him and before the soul, and does the Church more good, though it seems to do nothing, than all those other works put together.3 That is why Mary Magdalene, though she did great good by her preaching and would have done still greater afterward, because of her great desire to please her Bridegroom and benefit the Church, hid herself in the desert for thirty years to give herself truly to this love, thinking that in every way she would gain much more by doing so, because even a little of this love benefits and matters greatly to the Church. So when a soul has attained some degree of this solitary love, a great wrong would be done to her and to the Church if, even for a short time, they wanted to occupy her with exterior or active things, even if those things were of great importance—because, since God adjures that she not be awakened from this love, who would dare to do it and escape rebuke?4 In the end, we were created for this end: love. And let those who are very active and think they can encompass the world with their preaching and exterior works take note: they would do the Church much more good and please God much more (leaving aside the good example that would be given) if they spent even half of this time remaining with God in prayer, even if they had not reached so high a state of prayer as this. That is certain. Then they would do more, and with less labor — more with one work than with a thousand — because their prayer would have earned it and they would have gained spiritual strength in it; for otherwise everything is just hammering away and doing little more than nothing, and sometimes nothing at all, and sometimes even harm; because — God keep you from it — if such a soul begins to grow vain, then even though it seems outwardly to be doing something, in substance it will be nothing; for it is certain that good works can only be done by the power of God. Oh, how much could be written here about this! But this isn't the place for it. I have said this to help make this song understood, because in it the soul answers those who attack her holy leisure and want everything to be about doing—work that shines and catches the eye from the outside—without understanding the hidden vein and root from which the water springs and all fruit is made.
The Soul's Bold Reply
The soul responds to worldly criticism by declaring that she has deliberately lost herself to the world in order to be won by her Beloved, and she takes pride in this loss without shame.
So if from now on I'm neither seen nor found on the common, you'll say that I've gotten lost—that, walking in love, I made myself a stray and was won.✦56 Explanation In this song, the soul responds to a silent rebuke from worldly people, who tend to criticize those who truly devote themselves to God, seeing them as overly strange, withdrawn, and peculiar in their ways, and also saying they're useless for important matters and lost when it comes to what the world prizes and esteems. The soul answers this rebuke very well here, facing it with bold daring, and everything else the world can throw at her, because, having reached the living heart of God's love, she considers everything of little account. And not only that, but she herself confesses it in this song, and takes pride and glory in having come to such things, and in having lost herself to the world and to herself for her Beloved.7 And so what she means to say now, speaking to worldly people, is that if they no longer see her involved in her former associations and other pastimes she used to enjoy in the world, they should say and believe that she has been lost and estranged from them, and that she herself chose to lose herself by going in search of her Beloved, deeply in love with him. And so that they may see the gain in her loss and not mistake it for folly and deception, she says that this loss was her gain, and that for that reason she deliberately made herself lost.8 So then, if from now on I'm no longer seen or found on the commons,9 Commons is the ordinary name for a shared place where people usually gather for leisure and recreation, and where shepherds also pasture their flocks. And so by the commons the soul here means the world, where worldly people have their pastimes and dealings and pasture the flocks of their appetites. In this the soul tells those of the world that if she is not seen or found as she used to be before she belonged wholly to God, they should take her for lost in that very world, and say so—because she rejoices in it, wanting them to say it. And that is why she says:10 You'll say that I am lost. The one who loves is not ashamed before the world of the works he does for God, nor does he hide them out of shame, even if the whole world is going to condemn them; because whoever is ashamed before people to confess the Son of God by leaving those works undone — He Himself, as He says through St. Matthew, will be ashamed to confess him before His Father: "But whoever denies me before people, I too will deny before my Father."✦ And so the soul, in a spirit of love, would rather take pride—for her Beloved's glory—in having it seen that she has done such a work for Him: that she has lost herself to all the things of the world.11 This so perfect daring and determination in works is something few spiritual people attain; because, although some practice and make use of this way of dealing, and although some take themselves for people who are far advanced, they never quite finish losing themselves on certain points—whether of the world or of nature—so as to do works that are perfect and stripped bare for Christ, not looking at what people will say or how it will look. Such people cannot say, “You will say that I am lost,” since they themselves are not lost like that in their working, and they still feel shame about confessing Christ by their work before others, having regard for things; and so they do not truly live in Christ.
The Mystery of Losing to Gain
The soul explains that by losing herself to everything that is not God, she has truly gained God, and this is the essence of the spiritual path.
Going along enamored.12 In other words: living out the virtues, in love with God. I lost myself, and I was won.13 The soul, knowing the Bridegroom's saying in the Gospel—that no one can serve two masters, but must of necessity fail one of them; Nemo potest duobus dominis servire; aut enim unum odio habebit, et alterum diliget—says here that so as not to fail God, she failed everything that is not God: all other things and herself, losing herself to all of it for his love. Anyone who is truly in love soon lets himself be lost to everything else so as to gain more in what he loves; and that is why she says here that she herself became a lost one—that is, she deliberately let herself be lost.14 And it is in two ways—namely: toward herself, paying no attention to herself in anything, but only to the Beloved, giving herself to him freely, without any self-interest, making herself lost, wanting to gain nothing for herself; second, making herself lost to all things, paying no attention to any of them except those that concern the Beloved. And this is what it means to make oneself lost: to want to be won.15 Such is the one who walks in love with God: he seeks no gain or reward, but only to lose everything—and himself in his will—for God, and that he counts as his gain. And so it is, as Saint Paul says: Mori lucrum—that is: My dying is spiritual profit and gain for Christ.16 That is why the soul says, I was won: because the one who does not know how to lose in this way does not gain himself—rather, he loses himself—as our Lord says in the Gospel: Qui enim voluerit animam suam salvam facere, perdet eam; qui autem perdiderit animam suam propter me, inveniet eam; "Whoever wants to save his soul for himself will lose it; and whoever loses it with regard to himself for my sake will gain it."17 And if we want to understand that verse more spiritually and more in keeping with what is being treated here, you should know that when a soul on the spiritual path has come so far that she has lost herself to every natural path and way of dealing with God—so that she no longer seeks him by reflections or forms or feelings or any other modes of creatures or the senses, but only, passing beyond all that and beyond every way of her own and every manner, deals with and enjoys God in faith and love—then she is said to have truly gained God, because she has truly lost herself to everything that is not God and to what she is in herself.
Read the original Spanish
Anotación de la canción siguiente
Verdaderamente esta alma está perdida en todas las cosas, y sólo está ganada en amor, no empleando ya el espíritu en otra cosa. Por lo cual, aun a lo que es vida activa y otros ejercicios exteriores, desfallece, por cumplir de veras con la una cosa sola que dijo el Esposo era necesario, que es la asistencia y continuo ejercicio de amor en Dios; lo cual él precia y estima en tanto, que, así como reprendió a Marta porque quería apartar a María de sus pies por ocuparla en otras cosas activas en servicio del Señor, entendiendo que ella se lo hacía todo y que María no hacía nada, pues se estaba holgando con el Señor, siendo ella muy al revés, pues no hay obra mejor ni más necesaria que el amor; así también en los Cantares defiende a la Esposa, conjurando a todas las criaturas del mundo, que se entienden allí por las hijas de Jerusalem, que no impidan a la Esposa el sueño espiritual de amor, ni hagan velar ni abrir los ojos a otra cosa hasta que ella quiera: Adjuro vos filiae Jerusalem ne suscitetis, neque evigilari facialis dilectam, donec ipsa velit. Donde es de notar que, en tanto que el alma no llega a este estado de unión de amor, le conviene ejercitar el amor, así en la vida activa como en la contemplativa; pero cuando ya llegase a él, no le es conveniente ocuparse en otras obras y ejercicios exteriores, no siendo de obligación, que le pueden impedir un punto de aquella existencia de amor en Dios, aunque sean de gran servicio suyo, porque es más precioso delante de él y del alma un poquito de este puro amor, y más provecho hace a la Iglesia, aunque parece que no hace nada, que todas esotras obras juntas. Que por eso María Magdalena, aunque con su predicación hacía gran provecho, y le hiciera muy grande después, por el gran deseo que tenía de agradar a su Esposo y aprovechar a la Iglesia, se escondió en el desierto treinta años, para entregarse de veras a este amor, pareciéndole que en todas maneras ganaría mucho más de esta manera, por lo mucho que aprovecha e importa a la Iglesia un poquito de este amor. De donde, cuando un alma tuviese algo de este grado de solitario amor, grande agravio se le haría a ella y a la Iglesia, si aunque fuese por poco espacio, la quisiesen ocupar en cosas exteriores o activas, aunque fuesen de mucho caudal; porque, pues Dios conjura que no la recuerden de este amor, ¿quién se atreverá y quedará sin reprehensión? Al fin, para este fin de amor fuimos criados. Y adviertan aquí los que son muy activos que piensan ceñir al mundo con sus predicaciones y obras exteriores, que mucho más provecho harían a la Iglesia y mucho más agradarían a Dios (dejando aparte el buen ejemplo que se daría) si gastasen siquiera la mitad de este tiempo en estarse con Dios en oración, aunque no hubiesen llegado a tan alta como ésta. Cierto.
Entonces harían más y con menos trabajo, y con una obra que con mil, mereciéndolo su oración y habiendo cobrado fuerzas espirituales en ella; porque de otra manera todo es martillar y hacer poco más que nada, y aun a veces nada, y aun a veces daño; porque, Dios os libre que se comience a envanecer la tal alma, que aunque más parezca que hace algo por defuera, en sustancia no será nada; porque, cierto que las buenas obras no se pueden hacer sino en virtud de Dios. ¡Oh cuánto se pudiera escribir aquí de esto! Mas no es de este lugar. Esto he dicho para dar a entender esta canción; porque en ella el alma responde por sí a los que impugnan este santo ocio de ella, y quieren que todo sea obrar, que luzca y hincha el ojo por fuera, no entendiendo ellos la vena y raíz oculta de donde nace el agua y se hace todo fruto,
Pues ya si en el ejido De hoy más no fuere vista ni hallada, Diréis que me he perdido, Que, andando enamorada, Me hice perdidiza y fui ganada.
DECLARACIÓN
Responde el alma en esta canción a una tácita reprehensión de parte de los del mundo, los cuales han de costumbre notar a los que de veras se dan a Dios, teniéndolos por demasiados en su extrañeza y retraimiento y en su manera de proceder, diciendo también que son inútiles para las cosas importantes, y perdidos en lo que el mundo precia y estima; a la cual reprehensión de muy buena manera satisface aquí el alma, haciendo rostro muy osado y atrevido a esto y a todo lo demás que el mundo le puede imponer; porque, habiendo ella llegado a lo vivo del amor de Dios, todo lo tiene en poco; y no sólo eso, sino que ella misma lo confiesa en esta canción, y se precia y gloría de haber dado en tales cosas, y perdídose al mundo y a sí misma por su Amado. Y así, lo que ahora quiere decir, hablando con los del mundo, es, que si ya no la vieren en las cosas de sus primeros tratos y otros pasatiempos que solía tener en el mundo, que digan y crean que se ha perdido y ajenado de ellos, y que ella misma se quiso perder andando a buscar a su Amado, enamorada mucho de él. Y porque vean la ganancia de su pérdida y no la tengan por insipiencia y engaño, dice que esta pérdida fue su ganancia, y que por eso de industria se hizo perdidiza.
Pues ya si el ejido De hoy más no fuere vista ni hallada,
Ejido comúnmente se llama un lugar común, donde la gente se suele juntar a tomar solaz y recreación, y donde también los pastores apacientan sus ganados y así, por el ejido entiende aquí el alma al mundo, donde los mundanos tienen sus pasatiempos y tratos y apacientan los ganados de sus apetitos; en lo cual dice el alma a los del mundo que si no fuere vista ni hallada, como solía antes que fuera toda de Dios, que la tengan por perdida en eso mismo, y que así lo digan; porque de ello se goza ella, queriendo que lo digan, y por eso dice:
Diréis que me he perdido.
No se afrenta delante del mundo el que ama de las obras que hace por Dios, ni las esconde con vergüenza, aunque todo el mundo se las haya de condenar; porque, el que tuviere vergüenza delante de los hombres de confesar al Hijo de Dios, dejando de hacer sus obras, él mismo, como él dice por San Mateo, tendrá vergüenza de confesarle delante de su Padre: Qui autem negaverit me coram hominibus, negabo et ego eum coram Patre meo. Y por tanto, el alma con ánimo de amor, antes se precia de que se vea, para gloria de su Amado, haber hecho una tal obra por él, que se haya perdido a todas las cosas del mundo.
Esta tan perfecta osadía y determinación en las obras, pocos espirituales la alcanzan; porque, aunque algunos tratan y usan este trato, y aunque se tienen algunos por los de muy allá, nunca se acaban de perder en algunos puntos, o del mundo o de naturaleza, para hacer las obras perfectas y desnudas por Cristo, no mirando al qué dirán ni qué parecerá; los cuales no podrán decir: «Diréis que me he perdido», pues no están así mismos perdidos en el obrar, y todavía tienen vergüenza de confesar a Cristo por la obra delante de los hombres, teniendo respeto a cosas; por lo cual no viven en Cristo de veras.
Que andando enamorada.
Conviene a saber, andando obrando las virtudes, enamorada de Dios.
Me hice perdidiza y fui ganada.
Sabiendo el alma el dicho del Esposo en el Evangelio, que ninguno puede servir a dos señores, sino que por fuerza ha de faltar al uno; Nemo potest duobus dominis servire; aut enim unum odio habebit, et alterum diliget; dice ella aquí que por no faltar a Dios faltó a todo lo que no es Dios, que es a todas las demás cosas y a sí misma, perdiéndose a todo ello por su amor. El que anda de veras enamorado luego se deja perder a todo lo demás por ganarse más en aquello que ama, y por eso dice aquí que se hizo perdidiza ella misma, que es dejarse perder de industria. Y es en dos maneras; conviene a saber, a sí misma, no haciendo caso de sí en ninguna cosa, sino del Amado, entregándose a él de gracia, sin ningún interés, haciéndose perdidiza, no queriendo ganar en nada para sí; lo segundo, haciéndose perdidiza a todas las cosas, no haciendo caso de ningunas, sino de las que tocan al Amado; y esto es hacerse perdidiza, que es tener gana que la ganen. Tal es el que anda enamorado de Dios, que no pretende ganancia ni premio, sino sólo perderlo todo y a sí mismo en su voluntad por Dios, y esa tiene por su ganancia. Y así lo es, según dice San Pablo: Mori lucrum; esto es: Mi morir es granjería espiritualmente y ganancia por Cristo. Por eso dice el alma fui ganada, porque el que así no sabe perder no se gana, antes se pierde, según dice nuestro Señor en el Evangelio, diciendo: Qui enim voluerit animam suam salvam, facere, perdet eam; qui autem perdiderit animam suam propter me, inveniet eam; «El que quisiere ganar para sí su alma, ése la perderá; y el que la perdiere para consigo por mí, ése la ganará». Y si queremos entender el dicho verso más espiritualmente y más a propósito de lo que aquí se trata, es de saber, que cuando un alma en el camino espiritual ha llegado a tanto, que se ha perdido a todos los caminos y vías naturales de proceder en el trato con Dios, que ya no le busca por consideraciones ni formas ni sentimientos ni otros modos algunos de criaturas ni sentidos, sino que solamente, pasando sobre todo eso y sobre todo modo suyo y sobre toda manera, trata y goza a Dios en fe y amor, entonces se dice haberse de veras ganado a Dios, porque de veras se ha perdido a todo lo que no es Dios y a lo que ella es en sí.
Scripture echoes
- ↩Song.3.1-Song.3.2 — On my bed, night after night, I sought the one my soul loves; I sought him, but I did not find him. Song.3.2 — I will rise now and go about the city, through the streets and through the squares; I will seek the one my soul loves. I sought him, but I did not find him.
- ↩Matt.10.32 — So then, everyone who acknowledges me before others, I also will acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven.
Notes
- 1 ↩The Spanish source cites the Vulgate as "Adjuro vos filiae Jerusalem ne suscitetis, neque evigilari facialis dilectam, donec ipsa velit." "Facialis" is a corrupt reading of standard Vulgate "faciatis" (Song 2:7 / 3:5 / 8:4); the English renders the intended Vulgate sense.
- 2 ↩"Asistencia" is rendered as staying present with him (Mary at the Lord's feet), not mere institutional attendance.
- 3 ↩"Existencia de amor en Dios" rendered as "abiding in love in God," i.e. the continuous state of loving presence, not bare metaphysical existence.
- 4 ↩Older Spanish "recuerden" here means awaken/rouse (not modern "remind"), matching the Song adjuration not to awaken the beloved.
- 5 ↩Ejido is the village common/outskirts pasture where the soul would ordinarily be visible among everyday affairs; rendered here as 'the common'.
- 6 ↩Perdidiza marks deliberate self-loss (making oneself a lost/runaway one), not mere accidental getting lost; paired with fui ganada ('was won') as the mystical paradox of being gained by Love.
- 7 ↩"haber dado en tales cosas" rendered as "having come to such things" (taken up / fallen into the very ways the world criticizes); Golden Age "dar en" can also mean hit upon or settle into.
- 8 ↩"de industria se hizo perdidiza": "de industria" = deliberately / by design; "perdidiza" = one who makes herself lost (a purposeful stray). Rendered "deliberately made herself lost."
- 9 ↩ejido: common land or shared pasture where people gather for recreation and shepherds graze their flocks; the next stanza glosses it as the world.
- 10 ↩Spanish ejido is the village commons or common pasture outside a town. Rendered here as commons to keep the pastoral image clear while matching the poem’s later ‘ejido’.
- 11 ↩"antes... que..." is preferential: she prefers the public, glory-bearing visibility of the work to any private or hidden form of the loss; "se haya perdido a todas las cosas del mundo" continues the canticle's "Diréis que me he perdido" motif of mystical self-loss toward worldly things.
- 12 ↩Elliptical commentary lemma continuing the Canticle's bridal voice; next section expands it as practicing the virtues while enamored of God. 'Que' is left unforced as continuative/explanatory rather than rendered as a full causal clause.
- 13 ↩Spanish perdidiza is San Juan’s marked term for deliberately making oneself lost (dejarse perder de industria), not mere accidental loss; the following commentary glosses it as losing everything—and oneself—so as to be gained by the Beloved.
- 14 ↩Spanish perdidiza (from the stanza Me hice perdidiza) means one who has made herself lost; here, a deliberate self-loss for love, not mere mishap. de industria = deliberately / on purpose.
- 15 ↩entregándose a él de gracia here means giving herself freely / as a gift, without bargaining—not primarily 'by grace' as the theological virtue-term, though the free gift is grace-shaped.
- 16 ↩granjería is a mercantile 'profit/trade' term used spiritually; rendered as spiritual profit to keep the commercial force beside ganancia (gain).
- 17 ↩Source Latin has salvam, facere with an intrusive comma; translated as the standard salvam facere (to save/make safe).
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