Capítulo XXX
The Relief of Friar Pedro de Alcántara
The Lord sends Friar Pedro de Alcántara to comfort Teresa, who gains clarity and assurance about her prayer experiences.
She goes back to recounting her life, and how the Lord relieved many of her trials by bringing the holy man Friar Pedro de Alcántara, of the Order of the glorious Saint Francis, to where she was. It deals with great temptations and interior trials that she sometimes went through.1 When I saw how little—or rather, how nothing—I could do to stop these powerful impulses, I became afraid of them, because I couldn't understand how pain and joy could exist together. I already knew that physical pain and spiritual joy were possible, but such intense spiritual pain combined with such enormous delight left me beside myself. I still tried to resist, but I could do so little that it sometimes wore me out.2 I took shelter with the cross, wanting to defend myself from the One who sheltered us all with it. I saw that no one understood me—a fact I understood quite clearly—but I didn't dare mention it to anyone except my confessor, because that would have been a true admission that I lacked humility.3 The Lord was pleased to relieve a great part of my trouble—and for the time being, all of it—by bringing to this place the blessed Friar Peter of Alcántara, whom I've already mentioned and said something about his penance; for among other things they assured me that he had worn a cilice of tin plate continuously for twenty years.4 He is the author of some small books on prayer that are now widely read in the vernacular; for as someone who had practiced it well, he wrote very profitably for those who practice it.5 He kept the first Rule of blessed Saint Francis with every rigor, and the rest of what has already been said there. So when the widow—a servant of God I've mentioned and my friend—learned that such a great man was here, and she knew my need (because she was a witness to my afflictions and comforted me a great deal, for her faith was so great that she could only believe it was the spirit of God, which almost everyone else said was from the devil), and since she is a person of quite good understanding and great discretion, and one to whom the Lord granted much favor in prayer, His Majesty chose to give her light about what the learned men were ignorant of.✦ My confessors allowed me to unburden myself to her about some things, because for many reasons she was well-suited for it.6 At times she shared in the favors the Lord granted me, offering counsel that was very profitable for her soul. So when she learned of it, in order that I might deal with him more easily, she obtained leave from my provincial for me to stay eight days in her house without telling me anything; and in that house, and in some churches, I spoke with him many times that first time he was here—and afterward, at various times, I consulted him a great deal. When I gave him a brief account of my life and how I prayed, as clearly as I could (since I've always made it my practice to deal with complete clarity and truth with those to whom I open my soul—I'd even want the first stirrings of my heart to be public to them—and the most doubtful and suspicious things I would argue against myself with reasons)—so without duplicity or concealment I opened my soul to him.7 Almost from the beginning I saw that he understood me from experience, which was everything I needed; because then I didn't know how to understand myself as I do now, so as to know how to put it into words (for afterward God has given me this: that I know how to understand and speak of the favors His Majesty grants me), and it was necessary that someone who had gone through it himself should thoroughly understand me and explain what it was.8 He gave me the greatest light, because at least with the visions that weren't imaginary, I couldn't understand what that could be, and it seemed to me that with those I saw with the eyes of the soul, I also didn't understand how it could be—for, as I've said, only the ones seen with the bodily eyes were the ones I thought I should take seriously, and I didn't have those.9 This holy man gave me light in everything, explained it to me, and said I shouldn't be distressed, but should praise God and be so certain it was His Spirit that—apart from the faith—there could be nothing more true, nor anything I could believe so firmly; and he took great comfort in me, showed me every favor and kindness, and afterward always held me in high regard and shared his affairs and business with me; and since he saw in me the desires he already possessed in practice (for the Lord gave me these very firmly) and saw that I had such courage, he was glad to interact with me. For anyone the Lord brings to this state, there's no pleasure or consolation that equals meeting someone who, it seems to them, the Lord has given the beginnings of this; for at that time I shouldn't have had much more, as it seems to me — and may it please the Lord that I have it now. He felt the greatest pity for me: he told me that one of the greatest trials on earth was what I had suffered — namely, opposition from good people — and that I still had plenty left, because I was always in need, and there was no one in this city who understood me, but that he would speak to my confessor and to one of those who caused me the most distress, who was this married gentleman I've already mentioned; because, as the one who had the greatest goodwill toward me, he made war on me most of all — he is a God-fearing and holy soul; and since he had seen me so wretched just a short time ago, he couldn't quite reassure himself.1011 And so the holy man did: he spoke to both of them, gave them reasons and arguments so they would be reassured and not unsettle me anymore.12 The confessor needed little of it; the gentleman so much that even that wasn't entirely enough — but it helped so that he wouldn't frighten me so much. We agreed that I would write to him about whatever happened to me from then on, and that we would commend ourselves greatly to God; for his humility was so great that he valued the prayers of this miserable woman, which filled me with confusion. He left me with the greatest comfort and contentment, and with the counsel that I should practice prayer with assurance and not doubt that it was God; and that whatever I had any doubt about—and for greater assurance in everything—I should tell my confessor, and with this live securely. But I still couldn't have this assurance completely, because the Lord was leading me by a path of fear—just as much as of belief—that it was the devil when they told me it was; so no one could give me either fear or assurance in such a way that I could give them more credit than what the Lord put in my soul.13 So even though he comforted and calmed me, I didn't give him so much credit as to remain completely without fear, especially when the Lord left me in the trials of the soul that I'll speak of now; still, as I say, I was left very comforted.
The Ordeal of False Humility and Demonic Oppression
Teresa describes the severe interior trials of false humility, demonic oppression, and the inability to pray or read, while confessors sometimes respond harshly.
I never got tired of thanking God, and my glorious father Saint Joseph too — because it seemed to me that he had brought this man, since he was the commissary general of the custody of Saint Joseph, the saint I often entrusted myself to, and Our Lady.14 Sometimes it would happen to me (and it still does even now, though not as often) that I was under such enormous trials of the soul, together with torments and pains of the body — afflictions so severe that I couldn't help myself. At other times I had more severe physical illnesses, and since I didn't have the soul-related ones, I endured them with great joy; but when everything came together, it was such a great trial that it pressed down on me very hard. All the mercies the Lord had shown me were forgotten; only a memory remained, like something dreamed, and it only caused pain—because my understanding had grown so dull that it kept me in a thousand doubts and suspicions. It seemed to me that I hadn't known how to understand it, that perhaps I'd been imagining it, and that it was enough for me to go around deceived without deceiving good people. I seemed so wicked to myself that every evil and heresy that had arisen seemed to me to come from my sins. This is a false humility the devil invented to unsettle me and to see whether he can bring the soul to despair. And I already have so much experience that it's the devil's doing that, since he now sees I understand it, he doesn't torment me this way as often as he used to. You can see it clearly in the unrest and disquiet it begins with, the turmoil it stirs up in the soul the entire time it lasts, and the darkness and affliction it puts in her, the dryness and poor disposition for prayer or any good. It seems to smother the soul and bind the body so that nothing is of any use. For true humility—even though the soul sees herself as wretched, and it hurts to see what we are, and we think of our wickedness in the strongest terms (as strong as those I've described, and we truly feel them)—doesn't come with turmoil or unsettle the soul, or darken her or bring dryness. On the contrary, it comforts her, and everything is the reverse: with quiet, with gentleness, with light. It is a sorrow that, on the other hand, comforts her—seeing what a great mercy God grants her in letting her have that sorrow, and how well spent it is.15 It grieves her for how she offended God; on the other hand His mercy enlarges her. She has light to confound herself, and she praises His Majesty because He has borne with her so long. In this other humility, which the devil puts forward, there is no light for any good. Everything seems as if God were putting it to fire and sword. He sets justice before her, and although she has faith that there is mercy (because the devil cannot go so far as to make her lose it), that mercy is such that it doesn't console me. On the contrary, when she looks at so much mercy, it only adds to her torment, because it seemed to me she was obliged to more.16 It's one of the most painful, subtle, and well-disguised inventions of the devil that I've come to understand from him; so I'd like to warn Your Reverence, so that if he tempts you this way, you'll have some light and recognize it—if he leaves your understanding free enough to recognize it—and not think it depends on learning and knowledge, for although I lack all of that, once I've come out of it I understand clearly that it's madness. What I've understood is that the Lord wills it and permits it, and gives him leave, as He gave him leave to tempt Job—though with me, as with a wretched creature, it isn't with that severity.17 It has happened to me—and I remember it was one day before the eve of Corpus Christi, a feast I'm devoted to, though not as much as I ought to be. This time it lasted only until daytime; for at other times it lasts eight days, or fifteen, and even three weeks, and I don't know if longer: and especially in Holy Weeks, which used to be my delight in prayer, it happens that he suddenly seizes the understanding with things so trivial at times that at other times I'd laugh at them, and he keeps it muddled in whatever he wants, and the soul shackled there, no longer mistress of herself, unable to think of anything but the nonsense it presents, which almost has no substance—neither binding nor loosing anything—only binding so as to choke the soul until it can't contain itself: and it's so, that it has seemed to me the demons go around as if playing ball with the soul, and she has no power to free herself from their grip. You can't put into words what is suffered in this case: she goes looking for a remedy, and God permits that she not find it; only the reasoning of free will always remains, and that not clearly.18 I say it must be with the eyes almost covered; like a person who has gone many times along a road, who even if it's night and pitch dark already knows by past feel where they might stumble, because they've seen it by day, and so guards against that danger: so it is for not offending God—it seems one goes along by habit.19 Let's leave aside the Lord's holding her—that's what really matters.20 Faith is then so dulled and asleep—like all the other virtues, though not lost—that it believes what the Church holds, but only as something spoken with the mouth; from another side they seem to squeeze and numb it, so that knowing God feels almost like something heard from far away.21 Love is so lukewarm that if it hears talk of Him, it listens as to something it believes He is, because the Church holds it so; but there's no memory of what it has experienced in itself.✦ Going off to pray only brings more anguish—and so does being alone—because the torment it feels within, without knowing from what, is unbearable. To my mind it's a little copy of hell.22 This is so, as the Lord gave me to understand in a vision, because the soul burns within itself without knowing who sets the fire, or from where, or how to flee from it, or with what to put it out. Trying to help itself by reading is as if it didn't know how. Once I went to read a saint's life, to see if I might lose myself in it and take comfort from what he suffered; and I read the same few lines over four or five times, and though it was in the vernacular, I understood less of them at the end than at the beginning, so I gave it up. This happened to me many times, but this one I remember more particularly.23 So talking with anyone is even worse; because the devil puts such a bitterly disgusted and angry spirit in you that it seems you'd like to devour everyone, without being able to do anything else—and something does seem to happen when I hold myself in check, or the Lord does it by holding in His hand whoever is in that state, so they don't say or do anything against their neighbors that would harm them and offend God. As for going to the confessor—this is certain—what I'll tell often happened to me: though they are as holy as those I've dealt with and still deal with in this time are, they would speak to me and scold me with such harshness that after I told them what they had said, they themselves were astonished and told me it was no longer in their power; because although they firmly resolved not to do it other times—which afterward caused them pity and even scruple when I should be under such trials of body and soul—and determined to comfort me with compassion, they couldn't. They didn't say bad words—I mean words that would offend God—but the most distasteful ones that could be borne in confession. They must have meant to mortify me, and although at other times I was glad and ready to bear it, then everything was torment to me. It also made me think I was deceiving them: I would go to them and warn them in all earnestness to beware of me, that I might be deceiving them.24 I well saw that I wouldn't do it deliberately, nor tell them a lie, but everything was fear for me. One of them told me once, when he understood the temptation, not to be distressed—that even if I wanted to deceive him, he had sense enough not to let himself be deceived. This gave me a great deal of comfort.
Consolation and the Wandering Imagination
Teresa finds relief through Communion and the Lord's words, yet struggles with a wandering imagination and the effects of original sin.
Sometimes—and almost always, at least most of the time—when I had finished receiving Communion, I would find rest, and sometimes even upon arriving at the Sacrament, right at that hour, I would be left in such a good state of soul and body that I'm astonished. It seems to me simply that in an instant all the darkness of the soul is undone, and once the sun has come out, I would recognize the foolishness I had been in. At other times, with just a word the Lord would say to me—with just His saying, "Do not be worn out; do not be afraid" (as I've already said elsewhere)—I would be left completely well, or with some vision, as if I had never had anything wrong.25 I would delight in God; I would complain to Him how He allowed me to suffer so many torments; but it was well repaid, for almost always afterwards they came in great abundance, the26 of keeping it still for as long as it takes to say a Credo.27 Sometimes I laugh and recognize my misery, and I watch it and leave it alone to see what it does; and, glory to God, it almost never goes after anything bad—only indifferent things, if there's something to do here and there and yonder.28 Then I realize even more the immense favor the Lord does me when He keeps this madman bound in perfect contemplation.29 I wonder what it would be like if the people who think I'm a good woman could see this wild distraction of mine. I feel great pity for the soul when I see it in such bad company. I long to see it free, so I ask the Lord: When, my God, will I finally see my soul gathered together in Your praise, with all its powers delighting in You?30 Don't let it be torn to pieces any longer, Lord, because it feels as if every piece is going its own way.31 This happens to me often; sometimes I clearly understand that my poor health has a lot to do with it. I'm often reminded of the harm the first sin did to us, for it seems to me that our inability to enjoy such a great good came from it—and my own sins must be many, for if I hadn't committed so many, I would be more whole in that good.32
The Fire of Love and the Longing to Serve
Teresa reflects on the fire of love that impels her to serve God even in small ways, culminating in a doxology of praise.
I also went through another great hardship: since it seemed to me that I understood all the books I was reading on prayer, and that the Lord had already given me what they taught, so that I didn't need them—and so I wasn't reading them, only the lives of the saints—for since I find myself so far short of how they served God, this seems to help me and encourage me. It seemed to me very little humility to think I had already reached that kind of prayer; and since I couldn't get myself to think otherwise, it caused me a great deal of distress—until learned men, and the blessed Friar Peter of Alcántara, told me not to trouble myself about it.33 I see clearly that I haven't even begun to serve God—though when His Majesty grants me favors, it's as with many good people—and that I'm nothing but imperfection, except in my desires and in loving; for in that I see clearly that the Lord has favored me so I can serve Him somehow. It does seem to me that I love Him, but my works leave me disheartened, and so do the many imperfections I see in myself. At other times a foolishness of soul comes over me (that's what I call it) in which I seem to do neither good nor bad, only go along with everyone else, as they say—neither with pain nor with glory; neither life nor death, pleasure nor sorrow, seems to give it anything: it seems nothing is felt.3435 It seems to me that the soul goes along like a little donkey grazing: it keeps itself alive because they give it food, and it eats almost without noticing—because the soul in this state can't be going without feeding on some great favors from God, since in so wretched a life living doesn't weigh on it, and it gets through with evenness; but neither movements nor effects are felt by which the soul might understand itself.3637 It seems to me now like sailing with a very calm wind, where you make a great deal of way without understanding how; because in these other ways the effects are so great that the soul almost at once sees its improvement, for desires soon start bubbling up, and a soul never finishes being satisfied: that is what the great impulses of love I've spoken of have, for those to whom God gives them.38 It's like little springs I've seen flowing, where the sand never stops stirring upward. This example and comparison of the souls that reach this point seems true to life to me: love is always bubbling, and thinking what it will do; it can't contain itself, just as that water seems not to fit in the earth but forces itself out. So the soul very commonly is: it neither rests nor can contain itself with the love it has. That love has already soaked her through, and she would want others to drink — since she herself has no lack — so that they might help her praise God.39 Oh, how many times I remember the living water the Lord spoke of to the Samaritan woman; and so I'm very fond of that Gospel. And it's quite true that, without understanding this good as I do now, I was fond of it from the time I was a very little girl, and I would often beg the Lord to give me that water, and I had it drawn wherever I always was, with this inscription — when the Lord came to the well — Domine, da mihi aquam.40 It also seems like a great fire, and for it not to die down there must always be something to burn: so are the souls I'm speaking of — even at great cost to themselves, they would want to bring wood so this fire would not cease. I'm such that I'd be content even with straws I could throw into it; and so it happens to me some — and many — times: sometimes I laugh, and other times I'm greatly worn out. The interior movement urges me to serve in some way — for I'm not fit for more — putting little sprigs and flowers on images, sweeping or arranging an oratory, or doing such low little things that they used to embarrass me.41 If I did any penance, it was all very little, and of such a kind that unless the Lord accepted the will, I saw it was of no account at all, and I myself made fun of myself.42 For souls to whom God in His goodness gives this fire of His love in abundance have no small hardship in lacking the bodily strength to do something for Him. It is a very great pain; because, since she lacks the strength to throw any wood on this fire, and she dies so that it may not die out, it seems to me that within herself she is consumed and turns to ash, melts away in tears, and burns—and it is torment enough, though it is sweet.43 Let the soul that has come this far praise the Lord with all its heart—whether He gives it bodily strength to do penance, or gave it learning and talent and the freedom to preach, hear confessions, and bring souls to God—because it doesn't know or understand the good it has, unless it has tasted what it's like to be unable to do anything in the Lord's service and yet always receive so much.4445 May He be blessed for everything, and may the angels give Him glory. Amen.
Final Reflection on Obedience
Teresa explains her obedience in writing these details despite her humility.
I don't know if I'm doing right to write so many little details. Since Your Reverence sent word again, ordering me not to worry about writing at length and not to leave anything out, I'm setting down clearly and truthfully what I remember; and a great deal inevitably gets left out, because it would take much more time, and I have so little, as I've said—and I might not get any good out of it.46
Read the original Spanish
Torna á contar el de su vida, y cómo remedió el Señor muchos de sus trabajos con traer á el lugar donde estaba el santo varon fray Pedro de Alcántara, de la orden del glorioso San Francisco. Trata de grandes tentaciones y trabajos interiores, que pasa ba algunas veces.
Pues viendo yo lo poco, ú no nada que podia hacer para no tener estos ímpetus tan grandes, tambien temia de tenerlos, porque pena y contento, no podia yo entender cómo podia estar junto; que ya pena corporal y contento espiritual, ya lo sabia que era bien posible, mas tan escesiva pena espiritual, y con tan grandísimo gusto, esto me desatinaba: aun no cesaba en procurar resistir, mas podia tan poco, que algunas veces me cansaba. Amparábame con la cruz, y queríame defender de el que con ella nos amparó á todos: via que no me entendia nadie, que esto muy claro lo entendia yo, mas no lo osaba decir sino á mi confesor, porque esto fuera decir bien" de verdad que no tenia humildad.
Fué el Señor servido remediar gran parte de mi trabajo, y por entonces todo, con traer á este lugar al bendito fray Pedro de Alcántara, de quien ya hice mencion, y dije algo de su penitencia; que entre otras cosas me certificaron, que habia traido veinte años cilicio de hoja de lata contino. Es autor de unos libros pequeños de oracion, que ahora se tratan mucho de romance; porque como quien bien lo habia ejercitado, escribió harto provechosamente para los que la tienen. Guardó la primera regla del bienaventurado san Francisco con todo rigor, y lo demás que allá queda dicho. Pues como la viuda sierva de Dios, que he dicho, y amiga mia, supo que estaba aquí tan gran varon, y sabia mi necesidad, porque era testigo de mis afliciones, y me consolaba harto; porque era tanta su fe, que no podia sino creer, que era espíritu de Dios el que todos los mas decian era del demonio; y como es persona de harto buen entendimiento, y de mucho secreto; y á quien el Señor hacia harta merced en la oracion, quiso su Majestad darla luz, en lo que los letrados inoraban. Dábanme licencia mis confesores, que descansase con ella algunas cosas, porque por hartas causas cabia en ella. Cabíale parte algunas veces de las mercedes que el Señor me hacia, con avisos harto provechosos para su alma. Pues como lo supo, para que mejor le pudiese tratar, sin decirme nada, recaudó licencia de mi provincial, para que ocho dias estuviese en su casa; y en ella, y en algunas iglesias le hablé muchas veces esta primera vez que estuvo aquí, que despues en diversos tiempos le comuniqué mucho.
Como le di cuenta en suma de mi vida y manera de proceder de oracion, con la mayor claridad que yo supe (que esto he tenido siempre tratar
con toda claridad y verdad con los que comunico mi alma, hasta los primeros movimientos querria yo les fuesen públicos, y las cosas mas dudosas y de sospecha yo les argüia con razones contra mi) ansí que sin doblez ni encubierta le traté mi alma. Casi á los principios ví que me entendia por espiriencia, que era todo lo que yo habia menester; porque entonces no me sabia entender como ahora, para saberlo decir (que despues me lo ha dado Dios, que sepa entender y decir las mercedes que su Majestad me hace) y era menester que hubiese pasado por ello quien de el todo me entendiese y declarase lo que era.
El me dió grandísima luz, porque al menos en las visiones, que no eran imaginarias, no podia yo entender que podia ser aquello, y parecíame, que en las que via con los ojos de el alma, tampoco entendia cómo podia ser; que, como he dicho, solo las que se ven con los ojos corporales eran de las que me parecia á mí habia de hacer caso, y estas no tenia. Este santo hombre me dió luz en todo, y me lo declaró, y dijo que no tuviese pena, sino que alabase á Dios, y estuviese tan cierta que era espíritu suyo, que si no era la fe, cosa mas verdadera no podia haber, ni que tanto pudiese creer: y él se consolaba mucho conmigo, y hacíame todo favor y merced, y siempre despues tuvo mucha cuenta conmigo, y dábame parte de sus cosas y negocios; y como me via con los deseos que él ya poseia por obra (que estos dábamelos el Señor muy determinados) y me via con tanto ánimo, holgábase de tratar conmigo.
Que á quien el Señor llega á este estado, no hay placer ni consuelo, que se iguale, á topar con quien le parece le ha dado el Señor principios de esto; que entonces no debia yo de tener mucho mas, á lo que me parece, y plega al Señor lo tenga ahora. Húbome grandísima lástima: díjome, que uno de los mayores trabajos de la tierra, era el que habia padecido, que es contradicion de buenos, y que todavia me quedaba harto; porque siempre tenia necesidad, y no habia en esta ciudad quien me entendiese, mas que él hablaria al que me confesaba, y á uno de los que me daban mas pena, que era este caballero casado, que ya he dicho; porque como quien me tenia mayor voluntad, me hacia toda la guerra, es alma temerosa y santa; y como me habia visto tan poco habia tan ruin, no acababa de asigurarse. Y ansí lo hizo el santo varon, que los habló á entramos, les dió causas y razones para que se asegurasen, y no me inquietasen mas. El confesor poco habia menester; el caballero tanto, que aun no de el todo bastó, mas fué parte para que no tanto me amedrentase.
Quedamos concertados que le escribiese lo que me sucediese mas de allí adelante, y de encomendarnos mucho á Dios; que era tanta su humildad, que tenia en algo las oraciones de esta miserable, que era harta mi confusion. Dejóme con grandísimo consuelo y contento, y con que tuviese la oracion con siguridad, y de que no dudase que era Dios; y de lo que tuviese alguna duda, y por mas siguridad de todo, diese parte á el confesor, y con esto viviese sigura. Mas tampoco podia tener esta siguridad de el todo, porque me llevaba el Señor por camino de temer, como creer que era demonio, cuando me decian que lo era: ansí que temor ni siguridad nadie podia que yo la tuviese, de manera, que les pudiese dar mas crédito de el que el Señor ponia en mi alma. Ansí, que aunque me consoló y sosegó, no le dí tanto crédito, para quedar de el todo sin temor, en especial cuando el Señor me dejaba en los trabajos de alma, que ahora diré: con todo quedé como digo, muy consolada.
No me hartaba de dar gracias á Dios, y al glorioso padre mio san José, que me pareció le habia él traído porque era comisario general de la custodia de san José, á quien yo mucho me encomendaba, y á Nuestra Señora. Acaecíame algunas veces (y aun ahora me acaece, aunque no tantas) estar con tan grandísimos trabajos de alma, juntos con tormentos y dolores de cuerpo, de males tan recios, que no me podia valer. Otras veces tenia males corporales mas graves, y como no tenia los de el alma, los pasaba con mucha alegría, mas cuando era todo junto, era tan gran trabajo, que me apretaba muy mucho.
Todas las mercedes, que me había hecho el Señor, se me olvidaban: solo quedaba una memoria, como cosa que se ha soñado, para dar pena; porque se entorpece el entendimiento de suerte, que me hacia andar en mil dudas y sospechas, pareciéndome que yo no lo habia sabido entender, y que quizá se me antojaba, y que bastaba que anduviese yo engañada, sin que engañase á los buenos: parecíame yo tan mala, que cuantos males y heregías se habian levantado, me parecia eran por mis pecados. Esta es una humildad falsa, que el demonio inventaba para desasosegarme, y probar si puede traer el alma á desesperacion: y tengo ya tanta espiriencia que es cosa del demonio, que como ya ve que lo entiendo, no me atormenta en esto tantas veces como solia. Vése claro en la inquietud y desasosiego con que comienza, y el alboroto que da en el alma todo lo que dura, y la escuridad y aflicion que en ella pone, la sequedad y mala disposicion para oracion ni para ningun bien: parece que ahoga el alma y ata el cuerpo, para que de nada aproveche. Porque la humildad verdadera, aunque se conoce el alma por ruin, y da pena ver lo que somos, y pensamos grandes encarecimientos de nuestra maldad (tan grandes como los dichos, y se sienten con verdad) no viene con alboroto ni desasosiega el alma, ni la escurece ni da sequedad, antes la regala, y es todo al revés, con quietud, con suavidad, con luz. Pena que por otra parte conorta, de ver cuán gran merced le hace Dios en que tenga aquella pena, y cuán bien empleada es. Duélele lo que ofendió á Dios, por otra parte la ensancha su misericordia: tiene luz para confundirse á sí, y alaba á su Majestad, porque tanto la sufrió. En esta otra humildad, que pone el demonio, no hay luz para ningun bien, todo parece lo pone Dios á fuego y á sangre: represéntale la justicia, y aunque tiene fe que hay misericordia (porque no puede tanto el demonio que la haga perder) es de manera, que no me consuela, antes cuando mira tanta misericordia le ayuda á mayor tormento, porque me pareee estaba obligada á mas.
Es una invencion del demonio de las mas penosas y sutiles y disimuladas, que yo he entendido de él; y ansí querria avisar á vuesa merced, para que si por aquí le tentare, tenga alguna luz, y lo conozca, si le dejare el entendimiento para conocerlo, que no piense que va en letras y saber, que aunque á mí todo me falta, despues de salida de ello bien entiendo es desatino. Lo que he entendido es, que quiere y primite el Señor, y le da licencia, como se la dió para que tentase á Job, aunque á mí como á ruin, no es con aquel rigor. Hame acaecido, y me acuerdo ser un dia antes de la víspera de Corpus Cristi, fiesta de quien yo soy devota, aunque no tanto como es razon. Esta vez duróme solo hasta el dia; que otras dúrame ocho, y quince dias, y aun tres semanas, y no sé si mas: y en especial las Semanas Santas, que solía ser mi regalo de oracion, me acaece, que coge de presto el entendimiento por cosas tan livianas á las veces, que otras me reiria yo de ellas, y hácele estar trabucado en todo lo que él quiere, y el alma aherrojada allí sin ser señora de sí, ni poder pensar otra cosa mas de los disbarates que ella representa, que casi ni tienen tomo, ni atan, ni desatan, solo ata para ahogar de manera el alma, que no cabe en sí: y es ansí, que me ha acaecido parecerme, que andan los demonios como jugando á la pelota con el alma, y ella que no es parte para librarse de su poder. No se puede decir lo que en este caso se padece: ella anda á buscar reparo, y primite Dios no le halle; solo queda siempre la razon del libre albedrío, no clara. Digo yo, que debe ser casi atapados los ojos; como una persona que muchas veces ha ido por una parte, que aunque sea noche, y á escuras, ya por el tino pasado sabe donde puede tropezar, porque lo ha visto de dia, y 'guárdase de aquel peligro: ansí es para no ofender á Dios, que parece se va por la costumbre. Dejemos aparte el tenerla el Señor, que es lo que hace al caso.
La fe está entonces tan amortiguada y dormida como todas las demás virtudes, aunque no perdida, que bien cree lo que tiene la Ilesia, mas pronunciado por la boca, que parece por otro cabo la aprietan y entorpecen, para que casi como cosa que oyó de léjos le parece que conoce á Dios. El amor tiene tan tibio, que, si oye hablar en El, escucha, como una cosa que cree ser el que es, porque lo tiene la Ilesia; mas no hay memoria de lo que ha esperimentado en sí. Irse á rezar no es sino mas congoja, ú estar en soledad; porque el tormento que en sí siente, sin saber de qué, es incomportable: á mi parecer es un poco de traslado del infierno. Esto es ansí, segun el Señor en una vision me dió á entender, porque el alma se quema en sí, sin saber quien, ni por donde le ponen fuego, ni como huir de él, ni con que le matar: pues quererse remediar con leer, es como si no supiese. Una vez me acaeció ir a leer una vida de un santo, para ver si me embeberia, y para consolarme de lo que él padéció, y leer cuatro ú cinco veces otros tantos renglones, y, con ser romance, menos entendia de ellos á la postre que al principio, y ansí lo dejé: esto me acaeció muchas veces, sino que esta se me acuerda mas en particular.
Tener pues conversacion con nadie, es peor; porque un espíritu tan desgustado de ira pone el demonio, que parece á todos me querria comer, sin poder hacer mas, y algo parece se hace en irme á la mano, ó hace el Señor en tener de su mano á quien ansí está, para que no diga, ni haga contra sus prójimos, cosa que los perjudique, y en que ofenda á Dios. Pues ir al confesor, esto es cierto, que muchas veces me acaecia lo que diré, que con ser tan santos, como lo son los que en este tiempo he tratado y trato, me decian palabras y me reñian con una aspereza, que despues que se las decia yo, ellos mesmos se espantaban, y me decian, que no era mas en su mano; porque, aunque ponian muy por sí de no lo hacer otras veces, que se les hacia despues lástima y aun escrúpulo, cuando tuviese semejantes trabajos de cuerpo y alma, y se determinaban á consolarme con piedad, no podian. No decian ellos malas palabras, digo en que ofendiesen á Dios, mas las mas desgustadas que se sufrian para confesar: debian pretender mortificarme, y aunque otras veces me holgaba y estaba para sufrirlo, entonces todo me era tormento. Pues dame tambien parecer que los engaño: iba á ellos y avisábalos muy á las veras, que se guardasen de mí, que podria ser los engañase. Bien via yo, que de advertencia no lo haria, ni les diria mentira, mas todo me era temor. Uno me dijo una vez, como entendió la tentacion, que no tuviese pena, que aunque yo quisiese engañarle, seso tenia él para no dejarse engañar. Esto me dió mucho consuelo.
Algunas veces, y casi ordinario, al menos lo mas contino, en acabando de comulgar descansaba, y aun algunas en llegando al Sacramento luego á la hora quedaba tan buena alma y cuerpo, que yo me espanto. No me parece, sino que en un punto se deshacen todas las tinieblas del alma, y salido el sol, conocia las tonterías en que habia estado. Otras, con solo una palabra que me decia el Señor, con solo decir—No estés fatigada, no hayas miedo (como ya dejo otra vez dicho) quedaba del todo sana, ú con alguna vision, como si no hubiera tenido nada. Regalábame con Dios, quejábame á El, cómo consentia tantos tormentos que padeciese; mas ello era bien pagado, que casi siempre eran despues en gran abundancia las
de hacerle estar quedo un Credo. Algunas veces me rio y conozco mi miseria, y estoyle mirando, y déjole á ver que hace; y, gloria á Dios, nunca por maravilla va á cosa mala, sino indiferentes, si algo hay que hacer aquí y allí y acullá. Conozco mas entonces la grandísima merced, que me hace el Señor, cuando tiene atado este loco en perfeta contemplacion. Miro, qué seria si me viesen este desvarío las personas que me tienen por buena.
He lástima grande á el alma de verla en tan mala compañía. Deseo verla con libertad, y ansí digo al Señor—¿Cuándo, Dios mío, acabaré ya de ver mi alma junta en vuestra alabanza, que os gocen todas las potencias? No primitais, Señor, sea ya mas despedazada, que no parece sino que cada pedazo anda por su cabo. Esto paso muchas veces: algunas bien entiendo le hacer harto al caso la poca salud corporal. Acuérdome mucho del daño, que nos hizo el primer pecado, que de aquí me parece nos vino ser incapaces de gozar tanto bien, y deben ser los míos, que si yo no hubiera tenido tantos, estuviera mas entera en el bien.
Pasé tambien otro gran trabajo, que como todos los libros que leia, que tratan de oracion, me perecia los entendia todos, y que ya me habia dado aquello el Señor, que no los habia menester, y ansí no los leia, sino vidas de santos, que como yo me hallo tan corta en lo que ellos servian á Dios, esto parece me aprovecha, y anima. Parecíame muy poco humildad pensar yo habia llegado á tener aquella oracion; y como no podia acabar conmigo otra cosa, dábame mucha pena; hasta que letrados, y el bendito fray Pedro de Alcántara, me dijeron que no se me diese nada.
Bien veo yo que en el servir á Dios no he comenzado, aunque en hacerme su Majestad mercedes, es como á muchos buenos, y que estoy hecha una imperfecion, sino es en los deseos, y en amar que en esto bien veo me ha favorecido el Señor para que le pueda en algo servir. Bien me parece á mí que le amo, mas las obras me desconsuelan, y las muchas imperfeciones que veo en mí. Otras veces me da una bobería de alma (digo yo qué es) que ni bien, ni mal me parece que hago, sino andar al hilo de la gente, como dicen; ni con pena ni con gloria; ni la da vida ni muerte, ni placer ni pesar: no parece se siente nada. Paréceme á mí, que anda el alma como un asnillo que pace; que se sustenta porque le dan de comer, y come casi sin sentirlo: porque el alma en este estado no debe estar sin comer algunas grandes mercedes de Dios, pues en vida tan miserable no le pesa de vivir, y lo pasa con igualdad, mas no se sienten movimientos ni efetos, para que se entienda el alma.
Paréceme ahora á mí, como un navegar con un aire muy sosegado, que se anda mucho sin entender cómo; porque en estotras maneras son tan grandes los efetos, que casi luego ve el alma su mijoría, porque luego bullen los deseos, y nunca acaba de satisfacerse un alma: esto tienen los grandes ímpetus de amor que he dicho, á quien Dios los da. Es como unas fontecicas que yo he visto manar, que nunca cesa de hacer movimiento el arena hácia arriba. Al natural me parece este ejemplo, y comparacion de las almas que aquí llegan: siempre está bullendo el amor, y pensando que hará; no cabe en sí, como en la tierra parece no cabe aquel agua, sino que la echa de sí. Ansí está el alma muy ordinario, que no sosiega ni cabe en sí, con el amor que tiene: ya la tiene á ella empapada en sí, querria bebiesen los otros, pues á ella no le hace falta, para que le ayudasen á alabar á Dios. Oh qué de veces me acuerdo del agua viva, que dijo el Señor á la Samaritana; y ansi soy muy aficionada á aquel evangelio: y es ansí cierto, que sin entender, como ahora, este bien, desde muy niña lo era, y suplicaba muchas veces al Señor me diese aquel agua, y la tenia debujada adonde estaba siempre, con este letrero, cuando el Señor llegó al pozo Domine, da mihi aquam. Parece tambien como un fuego que es grande, y para que no se aplaque, es menester haya siempre que quemar: ansí son las almas que digo, aunque fuese muy á su costa, que querrian traer leña, para que no cesase este fuego. Yo soy tal, que aun con pajas que pudiese echar en él me contentaria; y ansí me acaece algunas y muchas veces: unas me rio y otras me fatigo mucho. El movimiento interior me incita que sirva en algo, de que no soy para mas, en á poner ramitos y flores á imágenes, en barrer ú en poner un oratorio, ú en unas cositas tan bajas, que me hacia confusion.
Si hacia algo de penitencia, todo poco, y de manera, que á no tomar el Señor la voluntad, via yo era in ningun tomo, y yo mesma burlaba de mí. Pues no tienen poco trabajo á ánimas, que da Dios por su bondad este fuego de amor suyo en abundancia, faltar fuerzas corporales para hacer algo por El. Es una pena bien grande; porque como le faltan fuerzas para echar alguna leña en este fuego, y ella muere, porque no se mate, paréceme que ella entre sí se consume y hace ceniza, y se deshace en lágrimas, y se quema, y es harto tormento, aunque es sabroso.
Alabe muy mucho al Señor el alma que ha llegado aquí, y le da fuerzas corporales para hacer penitencia, ú le dió letras y talento, y libertad para predicar y confesar y llegar almas á Dios; que no sabe ni entiende el bien que tiene, sino ha pasado por gustar, que es no poder hacer nada en servicio del Señor, y recibir siempre mucho. Sea bendito por todo, y dénle gloria los ángeles, amen.
No sé si hago bien de escribir tantas menudencias. Como vuesa merced me tornó á enviar á mandar, que no se me diese nada de alargarme ni dejase nada, voy tratando con claridad y verdad lo que se me acuerda; y no puede ser menos de dejarse mucho, porque seria gastar mucho mas tiempo, y tengo tan poco, como he dicho; y por ventura no sacar ningun provecho.
Scripture echoes
Notes
- 1 ↩Normalized reading takes "pasa ba" as the spaced/broken form of "pasaba" ("she used to go through / endure").
- 2 ↩ímpetus rendered as 'impulses' (Teresa's interior rushes of longing/love); pena/contento/gusto kept distinct as pain, joy, and delight.
- 3 ↩Normalized reading treats the stray quotation mark after 'bien' in 'decir bien" de verdad' as a punctuation artifact; sense taken as 'decir bien de verdad' ('truly / quite truly admitting').
- 4 ↩cilicio de hoja de lata: a penitential cilice (hairshirt-like garment) made of tin sheet metal, worn next to the skin.
- 5 ↩de romance: in Romance (vernacular Castilian), as opposed to Latin — not 'romance' in the modern literary sense.
- 6 ↩cabia en ella: idiomatically, she was a fit / trustworthy receptacle for that confidence (not merely that the matter 'fit' her).
- 7 ↩primeros movimientos: interior first movements/stirrings of the heart or will, not physical motion.
- 8 ↩Source reading espiriencia treated as experiencia (experience).
- 9 ↩In Teresa's vocabulary, 'visiones… no… imaginarias' contrasts non-imaginary (esp. intellectual) visions with imaginary ones seen by the soul's eyes; 'ojos corporales' are bodily-sight visions she thought alone deserved attention.
- 10 ↩"contradicción de buenos" rendered as "contradiction from good people" (opposition/resistance from the devout), Teresa's stock phrase for this trial.
- 11 ↩"me tenía mayor voluntad" rendered as "had the greatest goodwill toward me" (affectionate concern), which explains why his opposition wounded her most.
- 12 ↩"entramos" is archaic Spanish for "ambos" (both); rendered as "both of them."
- 13 ↩"camino de temer, como creer" is elliptical: rendered as parallel fearing/believing that the experience was demonic when others said so.
- 14 ↩«él» most naturally refers to Saint Joseph as the one who brought the visitor; «á quien yo mucho me encomendaba» likewise points to the saint (paired with Our Lady), not to the commissary.
- 15 ↩Source reading 'conorta' taken as 'conforta' (comforts), the intended form in context.
- 16 ↩Source reading 'pareee' taken as 'parece' (it seems).
- 17 ↩Source reads «primite»; translated as «permite» (permits), the intended reading.
- 18 ↩Source reads «primite»; translated as «permite» (permits), the intended reading.
- 19 ↩Source has a stray apostrophe before «guárdase» («y 'guárdase»); translated as «and guards».
- 20 ↩«Tenerla» most naturally refers to the soul (alma, feminine): the Lord's holding/keeping her. Less likely antecedents are habit or free will's reason.
- 21 ↩Source spelling 'Ilesia' rendered as 'Church' (Iglesia).
- 22 ↩'traslado del infierno' kept close as 'copy of hell' (transfer/image/sample); not softened to mere metaphor.
- 23 ↩'romance' rendered as 'vernacular' (Spanish, not Latin).
- 24 ↩"dame también parecer" taken as "me daba también parecer" (it also gave me the impression / made me think); not a request "dame parecer."
- 25 ↩Quoted locution retained with solemn uncontracted forms; Spanish "No estés fatigada, no hayas miedo" is rendered as direct speech from the Lord.
- 26 ↩Source sentence ends mid-phrase at "las"; following section begins a new syntactic unit, so the missing noun after "las" cannot be recovered from this payload.
- 27 ↩Section-split fragment continuing 1.31.14.s4: the favors afterward were often abundant enough to keep the wandering mind quiet for the length of a Credo (the Creed said as a measure of time).
- 28 ↩"indiferentes" rendered as morally indifferent things (neither good nor evil), Teresa's usual contrast with "cosa mala."
- 29 ↩"este loco" is Teresa's nickname for the restless imagination/mind; kept as "this madman" to preserve her comic self-irony.
- 30 ↩potencias rendered as powers (the soul's faculties: memory, understanding, will).
- 31 ↩primitais read as permitáis (do not allow).
- 32 ↩los míos / tantos taken as her own many sins (continuing the torn-to-pieces / more whole contrast).
- 33 ↩"acabar conmigo" rendered as persuade myself / get myself to think otherwise; "no se me diese nada" rendered idiomatically as not to trouble myself about it.
- 34 ↩"bobería de alma" rendered as "foolishness of soul": Teresa's self-deprecating label for a flat, numb spiritual state, not comic silliness.
- 35 ↩"andar al hilo de la gente" is idiomatic: go with the crowd / go along with everyone else.
- 36 ↩"mercedes" rendered as "favors" (divine gifts), Teresa's usual sense; not "mercies" as misericordia.
- 37 ↩"con igualdad" rendered as "with evenness" (equanimity / flat composure), not social equality.
- 38 ↩Source estotras / mijoría / efetos read as estas otras / mejoría / efectos.
- 39 ↩ya la tiene á ella empapada en sí: rendered as love soaking the soul through (water/love metaphor continuing from the spring image); alternative construal is the soul already holding that love soaked into herself.
- 40 ↩Source debujada read as dibujada (drawn/sketched).
- 41 ↩Source en á poner read as en poner.
- 42 ↩Spanish "tomar la voluntad": God accepting the soul's will/intention when the outward act is slight. "en ningún tomo": of no account or substance.
- 43 ↩"y ella muere, porque no se mate": reading "porque" + subjunctive as purpose (she dies so the fire may not go out), continuing the fuel/fire image from the prior section; an alternate causal reading (she dies because the fire does not die) is less likely with the subjunctive.
- 44 ↩Reading sino as si no ("unless"), standard in older Spanish orthography: the soul cannot grasp how good its gifts are unless it has first tasted inability to serve while still receiving much. An adversative "but rather" reading would break the sense.
- 45 ↩With predicar and llegar almas á Dios, confesar means hearing confessions (priestly ministry), not confessing one's own sins.
- 46 ↩"vuesa merced" is the formal address to her confessor/superior; rendered as "Your Reverence" for a clerical addressee. "Your Grace" is also possible.
The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila companion
A daily portion of stillness
Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.
Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.
- Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
- A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
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