Capítulo XX
The Nature of Rapture
Teresa explains the difference between union and rapture, describing rapture as a powerful, irresistible lifting of the soul by God, and lists the effects it produces: humility, fear, love, and detachment.
In this chapter, she discusses the difference between union and rapture; she explains what rapture is, describes the benefits for the soul that the Lord in His goodness brings to that state, and details the effects it produces. I'd like to be able to explain, with God's help, the difference between union and rapture, or elevation, or what they call a flight of the spirit, or being caught up — for they are all one and the same. I say that all these different names are one and the same thing, and it's also called ecstasy.1 It has a great advantage over union; it produces much greater effects, and many other operations as well: for union seems to be beginning, middle, and end, and interiorly it is; but since these other ends are of a higher degree, they produce their effects both inwardly and outwardly.2 May the Lord make it clear, as He has done with everything else — for it's certain that if His Majesty had not given me to understand by what modes and ways something can be said of it, I wouldn't know how. Let's consider now that this last water we've spoken of is so abundant that, unless the earth refuses to receive it, we can believe that this cloud of the great Majesty is here with us on this earth. But when we give thanks for this great good, responding with works according to our strength, the Lord takes up the soul—let's put it this way now—as clouds take up the vapors of the earth, and lifts it completely away from it; and the cloud rises to heaven and carries the soul with it, and begins to show it things of the kingdom He has prepared for it. I don't know if the comparison fits; but in truth, that is how it happens.3 In these raptures it seems the soul no longer animates the body, and so the body feels it keenly—natural warmth leaves it: it goes on cooling, though with the greatest gentleness and delight.4 Here there's no way to resist, whereas in the union, while we're still on our own ground, there is a way: though with pain and effort, one can almost always resist. Here, most of the time, there's no remedy at all; instead, an impulse often arrives without any warning or help, so swift and strong that you see and feel this cloud rising—or this mighty eagle—and snatching you up in its wings.5 You realize what's happening and see yourselves being carried off, though you don't know where. Even though it comes with delight, our natural weakness makes us afraid at first. It takes a determined and courageous soul—much more than for what I've already described—to risk everything, come what may, leave oneself in God's hands, and go willingly wherever we're taken, since you're carried whether it pains you or not. It reaches such an extreme that there are many times I'd want to resist, and I put forth all my strength, especially on some occasions in public, and on plenty of others in private, fearing I might be deceived. Sometimes I could manage a little, though with great effort; like someone fighting a strong giant, I was left exhausted afterward. Other times it was impossible—it would carry away my soul, and almost always my head along with it, with no way to hold it back, and sometimes my whole body, even lifting it up.6 This only happened a few times, because once, when we were gathered together in the choir and I was about to receive Communion on my knees, it caused me the greatest distress; because it seemed very extraordinary to me, and I thought it would soon draw a lot of attention; so I ordered the nuns—since I was prioress at the time—not to speak of it.7 But at other times, as I began to realize that the Lord was about to do the same thing—and once, when noble ladies were present at a sermon (it was the feast of the vocation)—He stretched me out on the floor, and they came over to hold my body, and it was still obvious.8 I pleaded with the Lord not to give me any more visible favors, because I was already exhausted from all the attention, and because His Majesty could not grant me that favor without it becoming known. It seems that in His goodness He has been pleased to hear me, for up to now I have never had it again; true, it hasn't been long. The truth is, when I tried to resist, I felt such immense force lifting me off my feet that I don't know how to describe it—it was far more powerful than other spiritual experiences—and it left me shattered. It's a fierce struggle, but in the end, it does little good when the Lord wills it, for there is no power that can stand against His.✦ At other times, He's content just to let us see that He wants to grant us the favor, and that nothing is lacking on His Majesty's part. And when someone resists out of humility, He still produces the same effects as if that person had fully consented. These are great favors: first, the Lord's great power is shown, and how, when His Majesty wills it, we have no more power to hold back the body than the soul—we aren't masters of it. Instead, whether we like it or not, we see that there is One above us, that these favors are given by Him, and that by ourselves we can do nothing—nothing at all; and great humility is impressed upon us. And I confess that it caused me great fear—at first, the greatest fear—because to have a body lifted from the earth like that: although the spirit carries it along, and it happens with great gentleness if you don't resist, you don't lose your senses; at least I was still so aware that I could understand I was being carried. A majesty appears belonging to the One who can do things that make your hair stand on end, and a great fear of offending so great a God remains. This is wrapped in the deepest love, newly kindled toward the One whom we see loves so greatly such a rotten worm that He does not seem content with drawing the soul so thoroughly to Himself, but wants the body as well—even though it is so mortal and made of earth, so filthy from so many offenses.9 It also leaves a strange detachment that I can't describe; I think I can say it's different in some way. I mean more different than those other experiences of the spirit alone, because even if they leave the spirit with complete detachment from things, here it seems the Lord wants the very body to put that detachment into practice; and a new strangeness toward earthly things comes about, which makes life much more painful. Afterwards it brings a pain we can neither bring on ourselves nor, once it has come, take away.
The Sweet Martyrdom of Longing
Teresa describes the intense suffering that follows rapture, a painful longing for God that purifies the soul like gold in a crucible, leaving it detached from all created things.
I would very much like to make this great suffering understood, and I don't think I can, but I'll say something if I'm able. And you should note that these things now come very late — after all the visions and revelations I'll write about, and after the time when I used to have prayer in which the Lord gave me such great consolations and favors.10 Now, though that still happens at times, most of the time — and this is the most ordinary thing — is this suffering that I'll describe now. It is greater and lesser.11 I want to speak now about when it is greater, because although later I'll tell of those great impulses that used to come over me when the Lord wanted to give me the raptures, in my mind this has no more in common with them than something very bodily does with something very spiritual, and I don't think I'm exaggerating much. Because that earlier suffering, though the soul feels it, seems shared with the body: both seem to take part in it, and it doesn't have the extreme abandonment this one has.12 For this suffering, as I've said, we have no control; rather, many times out of season a desire comes, and I don't know how it's stirred; and from this desire, which in an instant pierces the whole soul, it begins to grow so distressed that it rises far above itself and above everything created. And God leaves it so deserted of all things that, however hard it works, nothing on earth that might keep it company seems to exist — nor would it want such company, only to die in that solitude.13 Let people speak to her, and let her try with all the force she can to speak — it does little good; for however much more she does, her spirit does not leave that solitude. Even when it seems to me that God is extremely far away, He sometimes communicates His grandeurs in the strangest way imaginable. It's impossible to put into words, and I don't think anyone will believe or understand it unless they've gone through it themselves, because this communication isn't meant to console, but to show why the soul has reason to wear itself out with longing—being absent from a Good who holds all goods in Himself.1415 With this communication the desire grows, and so does the extreme solitude in which the soul finds itself, with a pain so fine and piercing that although the soul was already set in that desert — which it seems to me one can then speak of quite literally (and perhaps the royal Prophet said it when he was in the same solitude, only that, as a saint, the Lord would give him to feel it in a still more excessive way).16 I kept watch, and I became like a solitary sparrow on the housetop. And so this verse comes before me then, and it seems to me I see it in myself; and it comforts me to see that other people have felt so extreme a solitude — and all the more such people as these.17 So the soul seems to be not in itself, but on the rooftop or roof of itself and of all created things; for it seems to me it stands even above what is highest in the soul. At other times the soul seems to go about in extreme need, saying and asking itself: Where is your God? And it's worth noticing that I didn't really know what the vernacular of these verses was, and once I understood it I was consoled to see that the Lord had brought them to my memory without my seeking them.18 At other times I would remember what Saint Paul says—that he is crucified to the world. I'm not saying that this is so—I can already see that—but it seems the soul is like this: no consolation comes to it from heaven, nor is it in heaven; it wants none from the earth, nor is it on earth; but as if crucified between heaven and earth, suffering, with help coming from no side.19 For what comes to it from heaven (which is, as I've said, so wonderful a knowledge of God, far beyond everything we can desire) only makes the torment worse; because it heightens the desire so much that, it seems to me, the great pain sometimes takes away the senses—except that it doesn't last long without them.20 They seem like the passages of death—except that this suffering brings with it such great contentment that I don't know what to compare it to. It is a hard and delicious martyrdom, for whatever from earth can present itself to the soul—even what usually tastes sweetest to it—it admits nothing; it seems at once to cast it away from itself. It well understands that it wants nothing but its God; but it doesn't love any particular thing of Him—it wants Him all together, and it doesn't know what it wants. I say she doesn't know, because the imagination presents nothing; and as far as I can tell, for much of the time she's like this, the faculties don't operate: just as joy suspends them in union and rapture, so here the pain suspends them.21 Oh Jesus, if only someone could make Your Grace understand this well — even just so you could tell me what it is — because this is what my soul is always going through now: most ordinarily, when she finds herself free, she is cast into these yearnings for death, and she is afraid when she sees them beginning, because she is not going to die; but once she has entered into it, whatever life she might still have to live she would want to spend in this suffering. Although it is so excessive that the body can hardly bear it; and so sometimes almost all my pulses fail me, according to what those of the sisters say who sometimes come to me — they already understand it better — and my shinbones feel wide open and my hands so stiff that sometimes I can't bring them together; and so pain remains until the next day in my pulses and in my body, so that it seems they have pulled me out of joint.2223 I do think that sometime the Lord must be pleased, if it goes on as it is now, that it should end by ending my life — for in my view so great a pain is enough for that — only I don't deserve it. Then the only longing is to die. I don't remember purgatory or the great sins I've committed, for which I deserved hell; everything is forgotten in that longing to see God. That desert and solitude seem better to her than all the company in the world.24 If anything could bring her comfort, it would be talking with someone who had gone through this torment, and seeing that although she complains of it, it feels as if no one will believe her. It also torments her that this pain has grown so intense she wouldn't want solitude like at other times, nor company—except for someone she can complain to.25 It's like someone with a rope around their throat who's choking and trying to catch their breath: so it seems to me that this desire for company comes from our weakness. For just as the pain puts us in danger of death—and it certainly does; I've found myself in this danger several times with serious illnesses and dangerous occasions, as I've said, and I believe I could say this one is as great as all of them—so the desire body and soul have not to be parted is what cries out for help to catch its breath. By speaking of it, complaining, and distracting itself, it looks for a remedy in order to live—very much against the will of the spirit, or of the higher part of the soul, which wouldn't want to leave this pain.262728 I don't know whether I'm hitting the mark in what I'm saying, or whether I know how to say it, but as far as I can tell, that's how it is. Consider, Your Reverence, what rest I can have in this life; for the rest I used to have—prayer and solitude, because there the Lord used to console me—this torment is now the most ordinary thing. And it's so sweet, and the soul sees that it's of such great worth, that it already wants it more than all the consolations it used to have.29 It seems safer to the soul because it's a way of the cross, and in itself it holds a delight of great worth, in my judgment, because it does not share with the body except in pain. It's the soul that suffers, and alone enjoys the joy and contentment this suffering gives. I don't know how this can be; but that's how it is: in my judgment, I wouldn't trade this favor the Lord grants me (which comes from His hand, and as I've said, is not at all acquired by me, because it's highly supernatural) for all the ones I'll speak of later—I don't mean all together, but each one taken on its own. And don't fail to keep this in mind: I mean that these impulses come after the favors set down here, which the Lord has granted me, after everything written in this book and in the state the Lord has me in now.30 At the beginning I was afraid (as happens to me with almost every favor the Lord grants me, until His Majesty goes further and reassures me). He told me not to fear, and to value this favor more than all those He had given me; that in this suffering the soul was being purified, and is wrought or purified like gold in the crucible, so that He can better set the enamels of His gifts on it, and that what would have had to be undergone in purgatory was being purged there.✦ I understood well that it was a great favor, but I was left with much more assurance, and my confessor tells me that it's good. And although I was afraid because I am so wretched, I could never believe it was bad; rather, the overwhelming goodness itself made me afraid, when I remembered how little I've deserved it. Blessed be the Lord, who is so good. Amen. It seems I've gone off topic, because I began to speak of raptures, and what I've just described is even more than rapture, and so it leaves the effects I've spoken of.31
Caught Up in God
Teresa returns to describe the physical and spiritual experience of rapture: the body becomes light, senses are suspended, the will remains engulfed in God, and the soul is given a flight above all creation.
Now let's return to rapture—to what is most ordinary in them. I say that many times it seemed my body was left so light that all its heaviness was taken from me, and sometimes it was so extreme that I could barely manage to put my feet on the ground.32 Well, when one is in the rapture the body remains as if dead, often unable to do anything of itself, and it always stays just as it was taken—whether sitting, whether with the hands open, or closed. For although the senses are rarely lost, I have sometimes lost them completely—only a few times and briefly; but ordinarily they're disturbed, and although the body can do nothing of itself when it comes to outward action, it doesn't stop understanding and hearing, as if from far away. I'm not saying that it understands and hears when it's at the height of the rapture (I use 'height' to refer to those times when the faculties are lost, because they're so united with God that then, it seems to me, it neither sees nor hears nor feels); but, as I said about the prayer of union earlier, this complete transformation of the soul into God lasts only a little while; yet for as long as it lasts, no faculty feels itself or knows what is happening there.33 It isn't meant to be understood while we live on earth — at least, God doesn't want that — for we aren't meant to be capable of it. I've seen this myself. Your Grace will ask me how rapture can sometimes last so many hours. And what often happens to me is, as I said in the earlier account of prayer, that it rejoices at intervals; often the soul plunges deep—or rather, to put it better, the Lord plunges it into Himself—and after holding it that way a little while, it is left with the will alone.34 It seems to me that this restless stirring of these other two faculties is like the little tongue on those sundials, which never stops; but when the Sun of Justice wills it, He makes them stop.✦35 I say this lasts only a short while; but since the impulse and lifting of the spirit was so great, even though these start stirring again, the will remains engulfed, and that operation acts as mistress over the whole body—for even if the other two restless faculties should want to hinder it, and they are the lesser enemies, the senses at least do not hinder it as well; and so it keeps them suspended, because the Lord wills it so.3637 And for the most part the eyes stay closed, even when we don't want to close them; and if they're open at times, as I've already said, one neither makes out nor notices what one sees. So here, then, there's much less it can do on its own, so that when the faculties come back together, there isn't so much left to deal with. For that reason, whoever the Lord gives this to shouldn't lose heart when they find the body bound like this for many hours, and sometimes the understanding and memory distracted.38 It's true that ordinarily they're absorbed in praises of God, or in wanting to grasp or understand what has passed through them; and even for that they aren't fully awake, but like someone who has slept a long time and dreamed, and still hasn't quite woken up. I go into this at such length because I know that there are now, even in this place, people to whom the Lord grants these favors; and if those who govern them haven't gone through this, they may well think that people in rapture ought to be as if dead, especially if they aren't learned; and it's a pity what one suffers with confessors who don't understand it, as I'll say later.39 Maybe I don't know what I'm saying: Your Reverence will understand it, if I've hit on anything at all, since the Lord has already given you experience of it—though since it hasn't been for long, you may not have looked into it as carefully as I have.40 So then, even though I try hard at it, for long stretches there's no strength in the body to move: the soul took it all with her. Often the one who was quite sick and full of great pains is left healthy, and with more ability, because what's given there is so great; and the Lord sometimes wants, as I say, the body to enjoy it too, since it already obeys what the soul wants. After she comes back to herself, if the rapture has been great, it happens that for a day or two—or even three—the faculties go about so absorbed, or as if dazed, that they don't seem to be in themselves.41 Here is the pain of having to return to living; here the wings were born for flying well—already the bad feathers have fallen away.42 Here the banner is already raised completely for Christ, for it seems nothing else but that this warden of this fortress climbs up—or is carried up—to the highest tower, to raise the banner for God.43 It looks down on those below like someone who is safe; it no longer fears the dangers—rather, it desires them—like someone who in a certain way is given there the assurance of victory. Here one sees very clearly how little everything here below is to be valued, and what nothing it is. Whoever stands on high sees many things.44 She no longer wants to will or have any will but to do Our Lord's, and so she begs Him for this: she gives Him the keys of her will.45 Here he is—the gardener turned warden. He doesn't want to do anything but the Lord's will; nor does he want to be master of himself, or of anything, or even of a single pear from this orchard. Rather, if there's anything good in it, let His Majesty distribute it; from now on he wants nothing of his own, but that the Lord dispose of everything according to His glory and His will.46 And in truth, all this really does happen this way if the raptures are genuine: the soul is left with the effects and the progress already described. And if these aren't there, I would very much doubt that the raptures come from God; rather, I would fear they might be the frenzies Saint Vincent speaks of.47 This is what I understand, and I've seen by experience: here the soul is left mistress of everything, and with a freedom, in an hour or less, that she can hardly recognize herself. She sees clearly that it isn't hers, and she doesn't know how so much good was given her, but she understands clearly the immense benefit each of these raptures brings. No one believes it who hasn't been through it; and so they don't believe the poor soul, since they've seen her as wretched, and so suddenly they see her aiming at such courageous things—because she soon takes to not being content with serving the Lord in little ways, but in the greatest she can. They think it's temptation and nonsense. If they understood that it doesn't come from her but from the Lord, to whom she has already given the keys of her will, they wouldn't be so startled. I'm convinced that a soul that reaches this state no longer speaks or does anything on her own; instead, this sovereign King takes care of everything she has to do. Oh, God help me—how clearly you can see here what that verse means, and how plain it is that she was right—and everyone will be—to ask for the wings of a dove!48 It's clear: it's a flight the spirit gives, to rise above everything created, and above itself first of all; but it's a gentle flight, a delightful flight, a flight without noise.49
The Harvest of Humility
Teresa reflects on the lasting effects of rapture: mastery over worldly honors and money, deep humility, self-knowledge under the divine sun, and the soul's complete dependence on God.
What mastery a soul has when the Lord brings it this far — it can look at everything without getting tangled up in it! How ashamed she is of the time she was tangled in it!50 How appalled she is at her own blindness! How pained she is for those still caught in it — especially if they are people of prayer, and ones God already favors with gifts!51 She would like to cry out, to make them see how deceived they are; and she even does so sometimes — and a thousand persecutions rain down on her head. They take her for lacking humility, and for wanting to teach people she ought to learn from — especially if she is a woman.52 Here comes the condemning, and with reason, because they don't know the impulse that moves her — that sometimes she can't help herself, and she can't bear not to undeceive those she loves, longing to see them freed from this prison of this life, which is no less a prison, nor seems less so to her, than the one she herself has been in.53 She grows weary of the time when she cared about points of honor, and of the deception she lived under in believing that what the world calls honor was honor: she sees that it's a tremendous lie, and that we all walk in it. She understands that true honor isn't false, but genuine: holding what is something as something, and what is nothing as nothing—for everything is nothing, and less than nothing is whatever ends and doesn't please God.54 She laughs at herself for the time she treated money as something that mattered and coveted it—though I don't think I ever did, and that's the truth; still, I confessed the fault. It was fault enough just to have held money as something important. If money could buy the good I now see in myself, I would hold it in high regard; but she sees that this good is won by leaving everything behind. What is it that this money we're so eager for actually buys? Is it something of real worth? Is it something that lasts? Or what do we want it for?55 It's a wretched rest people chase after, and it costs so dear.56 Often enough people secure hell with it, and buy everlasting fire and endless torment. Oh, if only everyone would treat money as worthless dirt, how orderly the world would be—and how free of all that scrambling!57 How warmly everyone would treat one another if there were no stake in honor or money! I'm convinced everything would be set right. She sees how great a blindness comes from pleasures, and how through them she buys trouble even in this life—and unrest. What restlessness! How little contentment! What laboring in vain! Here she sees not only the cobwebs of her soul and the great faults, but any little speck of dust, no matter how small, because the sun is very bright; and so, however hard a soul may work to perfect itself, if this sun truly catches it, the whole soul looks very murky. It's like water in a glass: if the sun doesn't strike it, it looks very clear; and if the sun does shine on it, you see that it's full of motes. This comparison holds exactly: before the soul is in this ecstasy, she thinks she is careful not to offend God, and that she does what she can with her strength; but once she has arrived here—when this Sun of Justice strikes her and makes her open her eyes—she sees so many motes that she would want to shut them again.58 For she is not yet so much a child of this great eagle that she can gaze steadily at this sun; but no matter how briefly she keeps her eyes open, she sees herself as entirely murky.59 She remembers the verse that says: Who will be righteous before You?✦ When she looks at this divine sun, its brightness dazzles her; when she looks at herself, the clay covers her eyes — this little dove is blind. And so it often happens that she stays completely blind like that: absorbed, awestruck, and overwhelmed by so many grandeurs that she sees.60 Here true humility is won, so that she doesn't care at all about speaking well of herself, or about others speaking well of her. The Lord of the garden distributes the fruit, not she; and so nothing sticks to her hands. All the good she has is directed to God; if she says anything about herself, it is for His glory. She knows she has nothing of her own there; and even if she wanted to, she can't ignore it, because she sees it with her own eyes. Like it or not, they make her shut her eyes to the things of the world and keep them open to understand truths.61
Read the original Spanish
En que trata la diferencia que hay de union á arrobamiento; declara qué cosa es arrobamiento, y dice algo del bien que tiene el alma, que el Señor por su bondad llega á él: dice los efetos que hace.
Querria saber declarar con el favor de Dios la diferencia que hay de union á arrobamiento, ú elevamiento, ú vuelo que llaman de espíritu, ú arrebatamiento, que todo es uno. Digo que estos diferentes nombres todo es una cosa, y también se llama éstasi. Es grande la ventaja que hace á la union; los efetos muy mayores hace y otras hartas operaciones: porque la union parece principio y medio, y fin, y lo es en lo interior; mas ansí como estotros fines son en mas alto grado, hacen los efectos interior y esteriormente. Declárelo el Señor, como ha hecho lo demás, que cierto si su Majestad no me hubiera dado á entender por qué modos y maneras se puede algo decir, yo no supiera.
Consideremos ahora que esta agua postrera, que hemos dicho, es tan copiosa, que si no es por no lo consentir la tierra, podemos creer, que se está con nosotros esta nube de la gran Majestad acá en esta tierra. Mas cuando este gran bien agradecemos, acudiendo con obras según nuestras fuerzas, coge el Señor el alma digamos ahora, á manera que las nubes cogen los vapores de la tierra y levántala toda della; y sube la nube al cielo, y llévala consigo, comiénzala á mostrar cosas del reino que le tiene aparejado. No sé si la comparacion cua dra; mas en hecho de verdad ello pasa ansí. En estos arrobamientos parece no anima el alma en el cuerpo, y ansí se siente muy sentido, faltar de él el calor natural: vase enfriando, aunque con grandísima suavidad y deleite.
Aquí no hay remedio de resistir, que en la union, como estamos en nuestra tierra, remedio hay: aunque con pena y fuerza resistirse puede casi siempre. Acá las mas veces ningún remedio hay, sino que muchas, sin prevenir el pensamiento ni ayuda alguna, viene un impetu tan acelerado y fuerte, que veis y sentís levantarse esta nube, ó esta águila caudalosa y cogeros con sus alas. Y digo, que se entiende y veis os llevar, y no sabeis donde; porque aunque es con deleite, la flaqueza de nuestro natural hace temer a los principios; y es menester ánima determinada y animosa, mucho más que para lo que queda dicho, para arriscarlo todo, venga lo que viniere, y dejarse en las manos de Dios, é ir adonde nos llevaren de grado, pues os llevan aunque os pese; y en tanto extremo, que hay muchas veces querria yo resistir, y pongo todas mis fuerzas en especial algunas, que es en público, y otras hartas en secreto, temiendo ser engañada.
Algunas podia algo con gran quebrantamiento; como quien pelea contra un jayan fuerte quedaba despues cansada: otras era imposible, sino que me llevaba el alma, y aun casi ordinario la cabeza tras ella, sin poderla tener, y algunas todo el cuerpo, hasta levantarle. Esto ha sido pocas, porque como una vez fuese adonde estábamos juntas en el coro, y yendo á comulgar, estando de rodillas, dábame grandísima pena; porque me parecia cosa muy extraordinaria, y que habia de haber luego mucha nota; y ansí mandé á las monjas (porque es ahora, despues que tengo oficio de priora) no lo dijesen.
Mas otras veces, como comenzaba a ver que iba á hacer el Señor lo mesmo, y una estando personas principales de señoras (que era la fiesta de la vocacion) en un sermon, tendíame en el suelo, y llegábanse á tenerme el cuerpo, y todavía se echaba de ver. Supliqué mucho al Señor que no quisiese ya darme mas mercedes, que tuviesen muestras exteriores; porque yo estaba cansada ya de andar en tanta cuenta, y que aquella merced no podia su Majestad hacérmela sin que se entendiese. Parece ha sido por su bondad servido de oirme, que nunca más hasta ahora la he tenido; verdad es que há poco.
Es ansí que me parecia, cuando queria resistir que desde debajo de los piés me levantaban fuerzas tan grandes, que no sé cómo lo comparar, que era con mucho mas ímpetu, que estotras cosas de espíritu, y ansí quedaba hecha pedazos; porque es una pelea grande, y en fin aprovecha poco cuando el Señor quiere, que no hay poder contra su poder.
Otras veces es servido de contentarse con que veamos nos quiere hacer la merced, y que no queda por su Majestad; y resistiéndose por humildad, deja los mesmos efetos, que si del todo se consintiese.
Los que esto hacen son grandes: lo uno muéstrase el gran poder del Señor, y como no somos parte, cuando su Majestad quiere, de detener tampoco el cuerpo, como el alma, ni somos señores dello, sino que mal que nos pese, vemos que hay superior, y que estas mercedes son dadas de él, y que de nosotros no podemos en nada, nada; y imprímese mucha humildad. Y aun yo confieso, que gran temor me hizo, al principio grandísimo; porque ansí levantar un cuerpo de la tierra, que aunque el espíritu lo lleva tras sí, y es con suavidad grande, si no se resiste, no se pierde el sentido: al menos yo estaba de manera en mí, que podía entender era llevada. Muéstrase una majestad de quien puede hacer aquello, que espeluza los cabellos, y queda un gran temor de ofender á tan gran Dios. Este envuelto en grandísimo amor, que se cobra de nuevo, á quien vemos le tiene tan grande á un gusano tan podrido, que no parece se contenta con llevar tan de veras el alma á sí, sino que quiere el cuerpo, aun siendo tan mortal y de tierra tan sucia, como por tantas ofensas se ha hecho. También deja un desasimiento extraño, que yo no podré decir como es: paréceme que puedo decir es diferente en alguna manera. Digo más, que estotras cosas de solo espíritu, porque, ya que estén, cuanto á el espíritu, con todo desasimiento de las cosas; aquí parece quiere el Señor, que el mesmo cuerpo lo ponga por obra; y hácese una estrañeza nueva para con las cosas de la tierra, que es muy mas penosa la vida. Despues da una pena, que ni la podemos traer á nosotros, ni venida se puede quitar.
Yo quisiera harto dar á entender esta gran pena, y creo no podré, mas diré algo si supiere. Y háse de notar, que estas cosas son ahora muy a la postre, después de todas las visiones y revelaciones que escribiré, y del tiempo que solia tener oracion, adonde el Señor me daba tan grandes gustos y regalos. Ahora ya que eso no cesa algunas veces, las mas y lo mas ordinario es esta pena, que ahora diré. Es mayor y menor. De cuando es mayor quiero ahora decir, porque aunque adelante diré de estos grandes ímpetus que me daban, cuando me quiso el Señor dar los arrobamientos, no tiene mas que ver, á mi parecer, que una cosa muy corporal á una muy espiritual, y creo no lo encarezco mucho. Porque aquella pena parece, aunque la siente el alma, es en compañía del cuerpo: entrambos parecen participan de ella, y no es con el extremo de desamparo que en esta. Para la cual, como he dicho, no somos parte, sino muchas veces á deshora viene un deseo, que no sé cómo se mueve; y de este deseo, que penetra toda el alma en un punto, se comienza tanto a fatigar, que sube muy sobre sí, y de todo lo criado, y pónela Dios tan desierta de todas las cosas, que por mucho que ella trabaje, ninguna que le acompañe, le parece hay en la tierra, ni ella la querria, sino morir en aquella soledad. Que la hablen, y ella se quiera hacer toda la fuerza posible á hablar, aprovecha poco; que su espíritu, aunque ella más haga, no se quita de aquella soledad.
Y con parecerme que está entonces lejísimo Dios, á veces comunica sus grandezas por un modo el más extraño que se puede pensar; y ansí no se sabe decir, ni creo lo creerá ni entenderá si no quien hubiere pasado por ello; porque no es la comunicacion pará consolar, sino para mostrar la razón que tiene de fatigarse, de estar ausente de bien, que en sí tiene todos los bienes.
Con esta comunicacion crece el deseo y el extremo de soledad en que se ve con una pena tan delgada y penetrativa, que aunque el alma se estaba puesta en aquel desierto, que al pié de la letra me parece se puede entonces decir (y por ventura lo dijo el real Profeta, estando en la mesma soledad, sino que como á santo se la daria el Señor á sentir en mas ecesiva manera). Vigilavi, et factus sum sicut passer solitarius in tecto. Y ansí se me representa este verso entonces, que me parece lo veo yo en mí; y consuélame ver que han sentido otras personas tan gran extremo de soledad, cuanto mas tales. Ansí parece está el alma, no en sí, sino en el tejado ó techo de sí mesma, y de todo lo criado; porque aun encima de lo muy superior del alma me parece que está.
Otras veces parece anda el alma como necesitadísima, diciendo y preguntando á sí mesma: ¿Dónde está tu Dios? Y es de mirar, que el romance de estos versos, yo no sabia bien el que era, y despues que lo entendia me consolaba de ver que me los habia traido el Señor a la memoria sin procurarlo yo. Otras me acordaba de lo que dice san Pablo, que está crucificado al mundo. No digo yo que sea esto ansí, que ya lo veo; mas parece que está ansí el alma, que ni del cielo le viene consuelo, ni está en él, ni de la tierra le quiere, ni está en ella, sino como crucificada entre el cielo y la tierra, padeciendo, sin venirle socorro de ningun cabo. Porque el que le viene del cielo (que es como he dicho una noticia de Dios tan admirable, muy sobre todo lo que podemos desear) es para mas tormento; porque acrecienta el deseo de manera, que, á mi parecer, la gran pena algunas veces quita el sentido, sino que dura poco sin él. Parecen unos tránsitos de la muerte; salvo que trae consigo un tan gran contento este padecer, que no sé yo á qué lo comparar. Ello es un recio martirio sabroso, pues todo lo que se le puede representar á el alma de la tierra, aunque sea lo que le suele ser más sabroso, ninguna cosa admite, luego parece lo lanza de sí. Bien entiende, que no quiere sino á su Dios; mas no ama cosa particular de él, sino todo junto lo quiere y no sabe lo que quiere.
Digo no sabe, porque no representa nada la imaginacion; ni á mi parecer, mucho tiempo de lo que está ansí, no obran las potencias: como en la union y arrobamiento el gozo, ansí aquí la pena las suspende.
¡Oh Jesus, quién pudiera dar á entender bien á vuesa merced esto, aun para que me dijera lo que es, porque es lo que ahora anda siempre mi alma: lo más ordinario, en viéndose desocupada, es puesta en estas ánsias de muerte, y teme cuando ve que comienzan, porque no se ha de morir; mas llegada á estar en ello, lo que hubiese de vivir, querria en este padecer. Aunque es tan ecesivo, que el sujeto le puede mal llevar; y ansí algunas veces se me quitan todos los pulsos casi, segun dicen las que algunas veces se llegan a mí de las hermanas, que ya mas lo entienden, y las canillas muy abiertas y las manos tan yertas, que yo no las puedo algunas veces juntar; y ansí me queda dolor hasta otro dia en los pulsos y en el cuerpo, que parece me han descoyuntado. Yo bien pienso alguna vez ha de ser el Señor servido, si va adelante como ahora, que se acabe con acabar la vida, que á mi parecer bastante es tan gran pena para ello, sino que no lo merezco yo. Toda la ansia es morirme entonces, ni me acuerdo de purgatorio, ni de los grandes pecados que he hecho, por donde merecia el infierno; todo se me olvida con aquella ansia de ver á Dios; y aquel desierto y soledad le parece mejor que toda la compañía del mundo. Si algo le podria dar consuelo, es tratar con quien hubiese pasado por este tormento, y ver, que aunque se queje dél, nadie le parece la ha de creer.
Tambien la atormenta, que esta pena es tan crecida, que no querria soledad como otras, ni compañía, sino con quien se pueda quejar. Es como uno que tiene la soga á la garganta y se está ahogando, que procura tomar huelgo: ansí me parece, que este deseo de compañía es de nuestra flaqueza; que como nos pone la pena en peligro de muerte (que esto si cierto hace, yo me he visto en este peligro algunas veces con grandes enfermedades y ocasiones, como he dicho, y creo podria decir, es este tan grande como todos) ansí el deseo que el cuerpo y alma tienen de no se apartar, es el que pide socorro para tomar huelgo, y con decirlo y quejarse y divertirse, busca remedio para vivir muy contra voluntad del espíritu, ú de lo superior del alma, que no querria salir de esta pena.
No sé yo si atino á lo que digo, ú si lo sé decir, mas á todo mi parecer pasa ansí. Mire vuesa merced qué descanso puedo tener en esta vida; pues el que habia, que era la oracion y soledad (porque allí me consolaba el Señor) es ya lo más ordinario este tormento; y es tan sabroso, y ve el alma que es de tanto precio, que ya le quiere mas que todos los regalos, que solia tener. Parécele mas siguro porque es camino de cruz, y en sí tiene un gusto muy de valor, á mi parecer, porque no participa con el cuerpo sino con pena, y el alma es la que padece, y goza sola del gozo y contento que da este padecer. No sé yo cómo puede ser esto; mas ansí pasa, que á mi parecer, no trocaria esta merced, que el Señor me hace (que viene de su mano, y como he dicho, no nada adquirida de mí, porque es muy sobrenatural), por todas las que despues diré; no digo juntas, sino tomada cada una por sí. Y no se deje de tener acuerdo, que, digo, que estos ímpetus es despues de las mercedes, que aquí van, que me ha hecho el Señor, despues de todo lo que va escrito en este libro y en lo que ahora me tiene el Señor.
Estando yo á los principios con temor (como me acaece casi en cada merced que me hace el Señor, hasta que con ir adelante su Majestad asigura) me dijo, que no temiese, y que tuviese en mas esta merced que todas las que me habia hecho; que en esta pena se purificaba el alma, y se labra ó purifica, como el oro en el crisol, para poder mejor poner los esmaltes de sus dones, y que se purgaba allí lo que habia de estar en purgatorio. Bien entendia yo, era gran merced, mas quedé con mucha mas siguridad, y mi confesor me dice que es bueno. Y aunque yo temí, por ser yo tan ruin, nunca podia creer que era malo, antes el muy sobrado bien me hacia temer, acordándome cuán mal lo tengo merecido. Bendito sea el Señor que tan bueno es, amen. Parece, que he salido de propósito, porque comencé á decir de arrobamientos, y esto que he dicho, aun es mas que arrobamiento, y ansí deja los efetos que he dicho.
Ahora tornemos á arrobamiento, de lo que en ellos es mas ordinario. Digo, que muchas veces me parecia me dejaba el cuerpo tan ligero, que toda la pesadumbre dél me quitaba, y algunas era tanto, que casi no entendia poner los pies en el suelo. Pues cuando está en el arrobamiento el cuerpo queda como muerto, sin poder nada de sí muchas veces, y como le toma se queda siempre, si sentado, si las manos abiertas, si cerradas.
Porque, aunque pocas veces se pierde el sentido, algunas me ha acaecido á mí perderle del todo, pocas y poco rato; mas lo ordinario es, que se turba, y aunque no puede hacer nada de sí cuanto á lo exterior, no deja de entender y oir como cosa de léjos. No digo que entiende y oye, cuando está en lo subido de él (digo subido, en los tiempos que se pierden las potencias, porque están muy unidas con Dios, que entonces no ve, ni oye, ni siente, á mi parecer); mas, como dije en la oracion de union pasada, este transformamiento del alma del todo en Dios, dura poco; mas eso que dura, ninguna potencia se siente ni sabe lo que pasa allí.
No debe ser para que se entienda mientra vivimos en la tierra, al menos no lo quiere Dios, que no debemos de ser capaces para ello. Yo esto he visto por mí.
Diráme vuesa merced que ¿cómo dura alguna vez tantas horas el arrobamiento? Y muchas veces lo que pasa por mí es, como dije en la oracion pasada, gózase con intrevalos, muchas veces se engolfa el alma ú la engolfa el Señor en sí, por mijor decir, y tiniéndola ansí un poco, quédase con sola la voluntad. Paréceme, es este bullicio de estotras dos potencias, como el que tiene una lengüecilla de estos relojes de sol, que nunca para; mas cuando el sol de justicia quiere, hácelas detener. Esto digo, que es poco rato, mas como fué grande el ímpetu y levantamiento de espírituy aunque estas tornen á bullirse queda engolfada la voluntad, y hace como señora del todo aquella operación en el cuerpo; porque ya que las otras dos potencias bullidoras las quieran estorbar, de los enemigos los menos, no la estorben también los sentidos; y ansi hace, que estén suspendidos, porque lo quiere ansí el Señor. Y por la mayor parte están cerrados los ojos, aunque no queramos cerrarlos; y si abiertos alguna vez, como ya dije, no atina ni advierte lo que ve.
Aquí pues es mucho menos lo que puede hacer de sí, para que cuando se tornaren las potencias á juntar, no haya tanto que hacer. Por eso, á quien el Señor diere esto, no se desconsuele, cuando se vea ansí atado el cuerpo muchas horas, y á veces el entendimiento y memoria divertidos. Verdad es que lo ordinario es estar embebidas en alabanzas de Dios ú en querer comprender, ú entender lo que ha pasado por ellas; y aun para esto no están bien despiertas, sino como una persona que ha mucho dormido y soñado, y aun no acaba de despertar. Declárome tanto en esto, porque sé que hay ahora, aun en este lugar, personas á quien el Señor hace estas mercedes; y si los que las gobiernan no han pasado por esto, por ventura les parecerá que han de estar como muertas en arrobamiento, en especial si no son letrados; y lastíma lo que se padece con los confesores, que no lo entienden, como yo diré despues.
Quizá yo no sé lo que digo: vuesa merced lo entenderá, si atino en algo, pues el Señor le ha ya dado expiriencia de ello, aunque como no es de mucho tiempo, quizá no habrá mirádolo tanto como yo. Ansí, que aunque mucho lo procuro, por muchos ratos no hay fuerzas en el cuerpo para poderse menear: todas las llevó el alma consigo. Muchas veces queda sano el que estaba bien enfermo, y lleno de grandes dolores, y con más habilidad, porque es cosa tan grande lo que allí se da; y quiere el Señor algunas veces, como digo, lo goce el cuerpo; pues ya obedece á lo que quiere el alma. Después que torna en sí, si ha sido grande el arrobamiento, acaece andar un dia ó dos y aun tres, tan absortas las potencias, ú como embobecidas, que no parece andan en sí.
Aquí es la pena de haber de tornar á vivir, aquí le nacieron las alas para bien volar ya se le ha caido el pelo malo. Aquí se levanta ya del todo la bandera por Cristo, que no parece otra cosa, sino que este alcaide de esta fortaleza se sube, ú le suben á la torre mas alta, á levantar la bandera por Dios. Mira á los de abajo, como quien está en salvo, ya no teme los peligros, antes los desea; como a quien por cierta manera se le da allí siguridad de la victoria. Vése aquí muy claro en lo poco que todo lo de acá se ha de estimar y lo nada que es. Quien está de lo alto alcanza muchas cosas.
Ya no quiere querer ni tener otra voluntad, sino hacer la de Nuestro Señor, y ansí se lo suplica: dale las llaves de su voluntad. Héle aquí el hortolano hecho alcaide, no quiere hacer cosa, sino la voluntad del Señor; ni serlo él de sí, ni de nada, ni de un pero de esta huerta, sino que si algo bueno hay en ella, lo reparta su Majestad, que de aquí adelante no quiere cosa propia, sino que haga de todo conforme á su gloria y á su voluntad. Y en hecho de verdad pasa ansí todo esto, si los arrobamientos son verdaderos, que queda el alma con los efetos y aprovechamiento que queda dicho; y si no son estos, dudaria yo mucho serlos de parte de Dios, antes temeria no sean los rabiamientos, que dice san Vicente. Esto entiendo yo, y he visto por expiriencia, quedar aquí el alma señora de todo, y con libertad en una hora y menos, que ella no se puede conocer. Bien ve que no es suyo, ni sabe como se le dió tanto bien, mas entiende claro el grandísimo provecho, que cada rabto de estos trai. No hay quien lo crea, si no ha pasado por ello; y ansí no creen a la pobre alma, como la han visto ruin, y tan presto la ven pretender cosas tan animosas; porque luego da en no se contentar con servir en poco al Señor, sino en lo mas que ella puede. Piensan es tentacion y disbarate. Si entendiesen no nace de ella, sino del Señor, á quien ya ha dado las llaves de su voluntad, no se espantarian.
Tengo para mí que un alma que allega á este estado, que ya ella no habla ni hace cosa por sí, sino que de todo lo que ha de hacer, tiene cuidado este soberano rey. ¡Oh, válame Dios, qué claro se ve aquí la declaracion del verso y cómo se entiende tenia razon, y la ternan todos, de pedir alas de paloma! Entiéndese claro, es vuelo el que da el espíritu, para levantarse de todo lo criado, y de sí mesmo el primero; mas es vuelo suave, es vuelo deleitoso, vuelo sin ruido.
¡Qué señorío tiene un alma, que el Señor llega aquí, que lo mire todo sin estar enredada en ello! ¡Qué corrida está del tiempo que lo estuvo! ¡Qué espantada de su ceguedad! ¡Qué lastimada de los que están en ella, en especial si es gente de oracion, y á quien Dios ya regala! Querria dar voces, para dar á entender qué engañados están; y aun ansí lo hace algunas veces, y lluévenle en la cabeza mil persecuciones. Tiénenla por poco humilde, y que quiere enseñar á de quien habia de deprender; en especial si es mujer. Aquí es el condenar y con razon, porque no saben el ímpetu que la mueve, que á veces no se puede valer, ni puede sufrir no desengañar á los que quiere bien, y desea ver sueltos de esta cárcel de esta vida, que no es menos, ni le parece menos, en la que ella ha estado.
Fatígase del tiempo en que miró puntos de honra, y en el engaño que traia de creer, que era honra lo que el mundo llama honra: ve que es grandísima mentira, y que todos andamos en ella.
Entiende que la verdadera honra no es mentirosa, sino verdadera, tiniendo en algo lo que es algo, y lo que es nada tenerlo en no nada, pues todo es nada, y menos que nada lo que se acaba y no contenta á Dios. Riese de sí, del tiempo que tenia en algo los dineros y codicia de ellos, aunque en esto nunca creo, y es ansí verdad, confesé culpa; harta culpa era tenerlos en algo. Si con ellos se pudiera comprar el bien que ahora veo en mi, tuviéralos en mucho; mas ve que este bien se gana con dejarlo todo.
¿Qué es esto que se compra con estos dineros que deseamos? ¿Es cosa de precio? ¿Es cosa durable? ¿U para qué la queremos? Negro descanso se procura, que tan caro cuesta. Muchas veces se procura con ellos el infierno, y se compra fuego perdurable y pena sin fin. ¡Oh, si todos diesen en tenerlos por tierra sin provecho, qué concertado andaria el mundo, qué sin tráfagos! ¡Con qué amistad se tratarian todos, si faltase interese de honra y de dineros!
Tengo para mí se remediaria todo.
Ve de los deleites tan gran ceguedad, y como con ellos compra trabajo, aun para esta vida y desasosiego. ¡Qué inquietud! ¡Qué poco contento! ¡Qué trabajar en vano! Aquí no solo las telarañas ve de su alma, y las faltas grandes, sino un polvito que haya por pequeño que sea, porque el sol está muy claro: y ansi por mucho que trabaje un alma en perficionarse, si de veras la coge este sol, toda se ve muy turbia. Es como el agua que está en un vaso, que si no le da el sol, está muy claro, y si da en él, vése que está todo lleno de motas. Al pié de la letra es esta comparacion, antes de estar el alma en este éxtasi, parécele que trae cuidado de no ofender á Dios, y que conforme á sus fuerzas hace lo que puede: mas llegada aquí, que le da este sol de justicia, que la hace abrir los ojos, ve tantas motas, que los querria tornar á cerrar. Porque aun no es tan hijo de esta águila caudalosa, que pueda mirar este sol de hito en hito; mas por poco que los tenga abiertos, vese toda turbia.
Acuérdase del verso, que dice: ¿Quién será justo delante de tí? Cuando mira este divino sol, dislúmbrale la claridad; como se mira á sí, el barro la atapa los ojos, ciega está esta palomita: ansi acaece muy muchas veces quedarse ansí ciega del todo, absorta, espantada, desvanecida de tantas grandezas como ve. Aquí se gana la verdadera humildad, para no se le dar nada de decir bienes de sí, ni que lo digan otros. Reparte el Señor de el huerto la fruta y no ella; y ansí no se pega nada á las manos; todo el bien que tiene, va guiado á Dios: si algo dice de sí, es para su gloria. Sabe que no tiene nada ella allí; y aunque quiera no puede inorarlo, porque lo ve por vista de ojos; mal que le pese, se los hacen cerrar á las cosas del mundo, y que los tenga abiertos para entender verdades.
Scripture echoes
- ↩Job.9.4;2Chr.20.6 — Wise in heart and mighty in strength—who has hardened himself against him and succeeded? 2Chr.20.6 — And he said, "O LORD, God of our fathers, are you not God in the heavens? And you rule over all the kingdoms of the nations. And in your hand are power and might, and there is none who can stand against you.
- ↩Prov.17.3;Zech.13.9;Mal.3.3;1Pet.1.7 — The crucible is for silver, and the furnace is for gold, but the LORD tests hearts. Zech.13.9 — And I will bring the third part into the fire, and I will refine them as one refines silver, and I will test them as one tests gold. He will call on my name, and I will answer him. I will say, 'He is my people,' and he will say, 'The LORD is my God.' Mal.3.3 — And he will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver, and he will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver, and they will be for the LORD, presenting offerings in righteousness. 1Pet.1.7 — so that the tested genuineness of your faith—more precious than gold that is perishable even though refined by fire—may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ.
- ↩Mal.3.20 — But for you who fear my name, the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings, and you will go out and leap like calves from the stall.
- ↩Job.9.2;Ps.143.2 — Truly I know that it is so; but how can a mortal be righteous before God? Ps.143.2 — And do not bring your servant into judgment, for no one living is righteous before you.
Notes
- 1 ↩Source spelling 'éstasi' rendered as the standard mystical term 'ecstasy'.
- 2 ↩'Estotros fines' taken as the higher culminating states named above (rapture, elevation, flight of the spirit, being caught up), parallel to 'fin' in the union triad of beginning–middle–end.
- 3 ↩Normalized reading treats split 'cua dra' as 'cuadra' ('fits'); the printed source looks corrupt or hyphenated across a line.
- 4 ↩'parece no anima el alma en el cuerpo' rendered as the soul seeming no longer to animate the body (rapture's bodily suspension), not as the soul failing to give courage.
- 5 ↩Spanish 'águila caudalosa' rendered as 'mighty eagle'; caudalosa usually means abundant/flowing, but with águila in Teresa it marks power and grandeur rather than literal water-flow.
- 6 ↩Spanish jayan (jayán): a giant or powerful strongman; rendered here as "giant."
- 7 ↩Parenthetical porque es ahora, despues que tengo oficio de priora clarifies her present authority as prioress when giving the order of silence; rendered as "since I now hold the office of prioress."
- 8 ↩fiesta de la vocacion: likely the convent feast marking religious vocation/profession; left as 'feast of the vocation' pending local calendar confirmation.
- 9 ↩Este likely continues from the preceding temor/experience: the fear comes wrapped in renewed love. Rendered as 'This is wrapped…' to keep Teresa's elliptical subject.
- 10 ↩"gustos y regalos" rendered as spiritual consolations and favors, Teresa's usual sense for interior sweetness rather than worldly pleasures or gifts.
- 11 ↩Compressed Spanish: the suffering varies in intensity (comes in greater and lesser degrees).
- 12 ↩"aquella pena" points back to the earlier bodily-leaning impulses; "esta" is the present, more purely spiritual desolation.
- 13 ↩"no somos parte" rendered as "we have no control," matching Teresa's earlier usage that the soul cannot summon or dismiss the grace.
- 14 ↩Spanish 'pará' in 'pará consolar' is treated as 'para' (for/to); old orthography/accent, not a different sense.
- 15 ↩'bien' (singular) is rendered as 'a Good' for God as the Good, contrasted with 'todos los bienes' ('all goods').
- 16 ↩Source reading "ecesiva" taken as "excesiva" (excessive).
- 17 ↩"cuanto mas tales" taken as "all the more such persons" (i.e., saints/prophets like David), not a free intensifier alone.
- 18 ↩romance here means the Spanish/vernacular wording of the Latin psalm verses, not a narrative romance.
- 19 ↩No digo yo que sea esto ansí, que ya lo veo may mean either a disclaimer that she does not claim Paul's state as her own, or that she already sees the condition she is about to describe; the rendering keeps the disclaimer force without forcing the referent.
- 20 ↩noticia de Dios rendered as knowledge of God in Teresa's infused-awareness sense, not mere information or news.
- 21 ↩Spanish potencias: the soul's faculties (understanding, memory, will) in Teresa's mystical vocabulary; rendered as "faculties."
- 22 ↩Source reading "ecesivo" treated as "excesivo" (excessive).
- 23 ↩"canillas muy abiertas": rendered as shinbones feeling wide open / split; period medical-mystical symptom language for severe bodily strain.
- 24 ↩Subject shifts from first person ("me acuerdo") to the soul ("le parece"); kept as in the Spanish.
- 25 ↩como otras: taken as ‘as at other times’ (como otras [veces]), the usual Golden Age ellipsis; it could also mean ‘as others [do].’ Sense in either reading: she no longer wants ordinary solitude or ordinary company, only someone she can pour the complaint out to.
- 26 ↩tomar huelgo: Golden Age idiom for catching one's breath / getting air; rendered as ‘catch their breath,’ not leisure.
- 27 ↩divertirse: here ‘to divert/distract oneself,’ not modern ‘to amuse oneself.’
- 28 ↩lo superior del alma: Teresa’s technical contrast with the lower/sensory self; kept as ‘the higher part of the soul.’ The body’s and soul’s desire ‘not to be parted’ is the natural dread of death, set against the spirit’s willingness to remain in the pain.
- 29 ↩Spanish syntax is compressed: 'el que habia, que era la oracion y soledad... es ya lo más ordinario este tormento' shifts from former rest (prayer and solitude) to the torment now most ordinary in their place; rendering follows that contrast.
- 30 ↩'ímpetus' rendered as 'impulses' for Teresa's sudden interior movements of longing; 'en lo que ahora me tiene el Señor' taken as her present spiritual state under the Lord.
- 31 ↩Spanish 'deja los efetos' can mean either 'produces/leaves as its fruits the effects' or 'leaves behind the effects'; rendered as 'leaves the effects' to keep Teresa's concrete wording.
- 32 ↩casi no entendia poner: Teresa's sense is that the lightness was so strong she scarcely knew how / could barely bring herself to plant her feet; rendered as 'could barely manage to put'.
- 33 ↩potencias rendered as faculties (intellect, memory, will in Teresa's usage); oracion de union as prayer of union.
- 34 ↩Source spellings intrevalos, mijor, and tiniéndola are read as intervalos, mejor, and teniéndola.
- 35 ↩Potencias are the soul's faculties; with the will already absorbed, the other two are intellect and memory.
- 36 ↩Source espírituy is read as espíritu, y (spirit, and/even though).
- 37 ↩ya que taken as concessive ('even if'); the clause sets the restless faculties as lesser enemies and denies that the senses also obstruct the absorbed will.
- 38 ↩divertidos is Golden Age Spanish for distracted/drawn away, not entertained.
- 39 ↩mercedes rendered as favors (divine gifts), not misericordia/mercy.
- 40 ↩vuesa merced: period form of respectful address to her confessor/director; rendered Your Reverence.
- 41 ↩potencias: the soul's faculties (intellect, memory, will); embobecidas: dazed/stupefied, as if left foolish.
- 42 ↩pelo malo: Teresa’s bird image for the soul shedding defective plumage after rapture; rendered as “bad feathers,” not ordinary hair.
- 43 ↩alcaide: fortress governor/warden; Teresa’s continuing castle metaphor for the soul’s governing power. ú le suben: either the soul climbs, or grace lifts it.
- 44 ↩alcanza: from the tower vantage, primarily ‘sees/takes in,’ not merely physical reaching.
- 45 ↩Spanish 'dale las llaves de su voluntad' after 'se lo suplica' can be read as the petition's content (asking God to take the keys) or as narrative present ('she gives Him the keys'); sense matches s8's completed gift of the will's keys.
- 46 ↩'un pero' is the fruit 'pear,' continuing the orchard metaphor; not the adversative 'pero'.
- 47 ↩'rabiamientos' (frenzies/ravings) is Teresa's pointed contrast with true 'arrobamientos' (raptures), attributed to Saint Vincent (Ferrer); kept as 'frenzies' to preserve the wordplay and discernment warning.
- 48 ↩"tenia razon, y la ternan todos" read as "she was right, and everyone will be right"; early-modern "ternan" = tendrán.
- 49 ↩"el espíritu" rendered as "the spirit"; in Teresa's rapture vocabulary this may mean the Holy Spirit or the soul's spirit lifted by God.
- 50 ↩corrida: here the older sense 'ashamed/mortified' (from correrse), not a race or run.
- 51 ↩regala: divine consolations/favors granted, not ordinary gift-giving.
- 52 ↩deprender: historical form of aprender ('learn').
- 53 ↩ímpetu: an overwhelming interior impulse (grace-driven urge), not mere temperament.
- 54 ↩Spanish "teniendo en algo" / "tenerlo en no nada" uses the idiom tener en + quantity of esteem (to hold as important / as nothing). The unusual phrasing "en no nada" is rendered as "as nothing," parallel to "en algo" / "as something."
- 55 ↩Source "U" is read as archaic Spanish "O" ("or") before the question; the sequence of questions supports that connective force.
- 56 ↩"Negro descanso" uses negro as a pejorative intensifier (wretched/miserable), not literal color.
- 57 ↩"tráfagos" rendered as scrambling/busy worldly dealing; alternatives include bustle, hustle, or restless business.
- 58 ↩"sol de justicia" rendered as the traditional title "Sun of Justice" (Malachi), kept capitalized as a divine epithet.
- 59 ↩"águila caudalosa" rendered as "great eagle" (powerful/mighty eagle); Teresa uses the traditional image of the eagle that can look at the sun.
- 60 ↩barro (clay) names the soul's earthy, creaturely nature, which blinds her when she turns from the divine sun back upon herself.
- 61 ↩Source spelling inorarlo rendered as ignorarlo (ignore); sense is clear.
The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila companion
A daily portion of stillness
Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.
Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.
- Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
- A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
- Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent