Capítulo XI
The Fault Is Ours
Teresa explains that the delay in attaining perfect love is not God's fault but our own, because we do not give ourselves wholly to Him, and she urges courage in the face of the devil's obstacles at the beginning of the spiritual life.
She explains why we fail to love God with perfection in a short time. Using a comparison, she begins to describe four degrees of prayer. Here she discusses the first, which is very helpful for beginners and for those who experience no consolations in prayer.1 So now, speaking of those who begin to be servants of love—for resolving to follow, on this path of prayer, the One who loved us so much seems to me nothing else—it's such a great dignity that I take a strange delight in thinking about it; because servile fear then falls away, if in this first stage we go as we ought. O Lord of my soul and my Good! Why didn't You will that, once a soul resolves to love You—doing what it can in leaving everything behind so as to give itself better to this love of God—it should at once rejoice in rising to have this perfect love? I have spoken badly; I ought rather to say, and complain, that it is we who do not want it (for the whole fault is ours)—that we do not at once enjoy so great a dignity; for once we come to have this true love of God in perfection, it brings all goods with it.2 We're so stingy and so slow in giving ourselves wholly to God that, since His Majesty doesn't want us to enjoy so precious a thing without a great price, we never finish disposing ourselves.3 I see clearly that there's nothing on earth with which so great a good can be bought; but if we did what we can in not clinging to anything of it, and if all our care and dealing were in heaven, I believe without a doubt this good would be given us very soon, if we soon disposed ourselves wholly, as some saints did. But it seems to us that we give everything; and what it really is, is that we offer God the rent or the fruits, and keep the root and the possession ourselves. We resolve to be poor, and that's of great merit; but many times we go back to taking care and pains so that we lack nothing—not only what is necessary, but even what is superfluous—and even to cultivating friends so that they'll provide it, and putting ourselves into greater worry and, perhaps, danger, lest we lack what we used to have when we possessed our property.4 It also seems that we give up honor by entering religious life, or by having already begun to live a spiritual life and pursue perfection — and yet they haven't touched us in a single point of honor when we forget we've already given it to God and want to snatch it back again and take it from His hands, as they say, after having of our own will, apparently, made Him Lord: so it is with all the other things.5 What a fine way to seek the love of God! And then we want it by the handfuls, so to speak—keeping our attachments, since we don't try to carry out our desires or finish lifting them from the earth—and plenty of spiritual consolations along with that.6 That doesn't fit, and it doesn't seem to me that this one agrees with the other.7 So then, because we never quite give ourselves all at once, this treasure isn't given to us all at once: may it please the Lord that His Majesty give it to us drop by drop, even if it costs us every hardship in the world.8 He shows very great mercy to anyone He gives grace and courage to resolve to pursue this good with all their strength, because if they persevere, God refuses no one; little by little He keeps enabling that courage so that they win this victory. I say courage, because there are so many things the devil sets before people at the beginning to keep them from truly starting this path—as someone who knows the harm that comes to him from it, not only in losing that soul, but many others. If the one who begins strives, with God's favor, to reach the summit of perfection, I believe they never go to heaven alone; they always bring many people after them: as to a good captain, God gives them companions to go along. So he sets so many dangers and difficulties before them that it takes no small courage not to turn back—but a great deal, and a great deal of God's favor.
The Garden and the Four Waters
Teresa introduces the comparison of the soul as a garden and the four ways of watering it, which correspond to four degrees of prayer, and notes that she will apply this to her own experience.
So, speaking of the beginnings for those who are already resolved to pursue this good and to see this undertaking through (as for the rest of what I started to say about mystical theology — I think that's what it's called — I'll say more later), the hardest work of all is in these beginnings; because they are the ones who do the labor, while the Lord supplies the means, whereas in the other stages of prayer most of it is enjoyment — though beginners, those in the middle, and those at the end all carry their crosses, even if the crosses differ; for those who follow Christ must go by the road He took, if they don't want to be lost: and blessed are the labors that are so richly repaid even in this life.✦✦ I'll have to use a comparison — I'd rather avoid comparisons, being a woman, and simply write what I'm told to write; but this language of the spirit is so hard to explain to people without education, like me, that I'll have to find some way, and it may be that most of the time the comparison won't fit well: at least it'll amuse Your Reverence to see so much clumsiness.9 It seems to me now that I've read or heard this comparison — and since I have a poor memory, I don't know where, or to what purpose; but for my purpose now, it suits me. The one who begins must realize that he is starting a garden in very barren soil that grows very bad weeds, so that the Lord may take delight in it. His Majesty pulls up the bad weeds, and He is the one who must plant the good ones.10 So let's take it that this is already done when a soul resolves to practice prayer and has begun to use it; and with God's help we must strive, like good gardeners, to make these plants grow, and take care to water them so they don't die, but come to put out flowers that give off a great fragrance, to delight this Lord of ours; and so He may come often to take pleasure in this garden and to rejoice among these virtues. So let's look now at how it can be watered, so we understand what we have to do, and the work it will cost us—whether the gain is greater, or how long we have to keep it up. It seems to me that it can be watered in four ways: either by drawing the water from a well, which takes great labor on our part; or with a waterwheel and buckets, drawn by a crank (I've drawn it that way myself a few times)—that's less work than the other, and you get more water; or from a river or stream—this waters much better, because the ground gets more thoroughly soaked, you don't need to water so often, and it's much less work for the gardener; or by heavy rain, when the Lord waters it with no labor of ours at all, and that is beyond comparison better than everything else I've said.11 Now then, applying these four ways of watering—by which this garden has to be kept alive, because without water it will be lost—is what matters to me, and it has seemed that something can be said about four degrees of prayer, into which the Lord, in his goodness, has sometimes placed my soul. May it please his goodness that I manage to say it in a way that helps one of the people who ordered me to write this—someone the Lord has brought, in four months, far further ahead than I was in seventeen years. She has disposed herself better, and so without labor of her own she waters this garden with all these four waters; though the last is still given to her only drop by drop, yet she's coming along in such a way that soon she'll be immersed in it, with the Lord's help. And I'll be glad if she laughs, should my way of explaining it seem nonsense to her.12
Drawing Water from the Well
Teresa describes the first degree of prayer, likened to drawing water from a well with great effort, and offers counsel for those who experience dryness and difficulty in meditation.
Of those who are beginning to practice prayer, we can say they are the ones who draw water from the well, which costs them a great deal of work, as I've said; for they have to wear themselves out gathering in the senses, and since the senses are used to wandering scattered, that is hard work. They need to get used to caring nothing about what they see or hear, and even putting that into practice during the hours of prayer — staying in solitude instead, and, withdrawn, thinking over their past life. Although beginners and those farthest along all have to do this many times, there is more and less to thinking about it, as I'll say later.13 At the beginning, there is hardship: they never quite grasp that they are repenting of their sins, and if they do, it’s because they’ve resolved to serve God so earnestly.14 They should try to dwell on the life of Christ, and the intellect wears itself out doing this. Up to this point we ourselves can acquire it — that is, with God's favor; for without that, as everyone knows, we can't have a single good thought.✦ This is beginning to draw water from the well; and may it please God to will that we have it — but at least it isn't left undone on our side, for we're already going to draw it, and we're doing what we can to water these flowers.15 And God is so good that when, for reasons His Majesty knows — perhaps for our great good — He wants the well to be dry, if we do what lies in us as good gardeners, He sustains the flowers without water and makes the virtues grow. By water here I mean tears, and even if there are none, the tenderness and interior feeling of devotion. So what is someone to do here who sees that for many days there's nothing but dryness and distaste and lack of savor, and such reluctance to come draw the water, that if they didn't remember they're giving pleasure and service to the Lord of the garden, and take care not to lose all they've already given in service—and even what they hope to gain from the hard work of lowering the bucket into the well again and again and pulling it up empty—they'd leave it all? And many times it will happen that they can't even lift their arms for this, nor will they be able to hold a good thought; for this working with the understanding, it's clear, is drawing water from the well. So as I say, what is the gardener to do here? Rejoice and take comfort, and count it a very great favor to work in the garden of so great an emperor; and since they know it pleases Him in that, and their aim must not be to please themselves but Him, let them praise Him greatly that He puts His trust in them, for He sees that without paying them anything they take such great care of what He entrusted to them; and let them help Him carry the cross, and think that He lived His whole life on it, and not want their kingdom here, nor ever abandon prayer; and so let them resolve, even if this dryness lasts their whole life, not to let Christ fall with the cross.16 A time will come when He pays it all at once; don't be afraid the work will be lost: you serve a good Master, and He's watching. Pay no attention to bad thoughts; remember that the devil set them before Saint Jerome in the desert too. These labors have their price; for as one who went through them for many years—when I drew even a drop of water from this blessed well, I thought God was doing me a favor. I know they're very great, and it seems to me they take more courage than many other labors of the world; but I've seen clearly that God doesn't leave them without a great reward, even in this life; because it's so true that with one of the hours the Lord has since given me of delight in Himself, it seems to me all the anguish I went through keeping myself in prayer for so long is paid for.
Trials and Determination
Teresa explains that God sends trials and dryness to test His lovers and to keep them humble, and she urges the soul to abandon itself to God's will with determination, not seeking consolations.
I'm convinced that the Lord often wants to give these torments and many other temptations that arise—sometimes at the beginning, sometimes toward the end—to test those who love Him and to see whether they can drink the cup and help Him carry the cross before He places great treasures in them. And for our good, I believe, His Majesty wants to lead us this way so that we may understand clearly how little we are; because the mercies that come afterward are of such great dignity that He wants us first to see our misery by experience before He gives them to us, so that what happened to Lucifer may not happen to us.✦1718 What do You do, my Lord, that's not for the greater good of the soul You know is already Yours—the soul that puts itself in Your power to follow You wherever You go, even to death on a cross, and that's resolved to help You carry it and not leave You alone with it? Anyone who finds this determination in themselves.19 .20 .21 No—spiritual people need not fear. There's no reason to be distressed when you're already at so high a degree as wanting to deal with God alone and leave the world's pastimes behind; the greater part is already done. Praise His Majesty for it, and trust in His goodness, which never failed His friends. Shut your eyes against thinking, 'Why does that person get devotion after so few days, and I don't after so many years?'22 Let's believe it: it's all for our greater good. Let His Majesty guide us wherever He wills; we're no longer our own, but His. He does us a great mercy in wanting us to want to dig in His garden and stay near the Lord of it, who is certainly with us. If He wants these plants and flowers to grow—for some by giving water they draw from this well, for others without it—what is that to me?23 Do, Lord, whatever You will. May I not offend You. May the virtues not be lost, if You have already given me any by Your goodness alone. I want to suffer, Lord, since You suffered. Let Your will be fulfilled in me in every way. And may it not please Your Majesty that something so precious as Your love be given to people who serve You for consolations.24
Freedom from Consolations
Teresa teaches that the love of God does not consist in tears or sensible consolations, and that beginners and advanced alike must learn to walk with freedom of spirit, not depending on feelings.
It must be carefully noted—and I say this because I know it by experience—that the soul that begins to walk this path of mental prayer with determination, and can bring itself not to make much of it, neither consoling itself much nor being much discouraged when these consolations and tenderness are lacking or when the Lord gives them, has already covered a great part of the way; and it need not fear turning back, even if it stumbles more, because the building has been started on a firm foundation. The love of God doesn't consist in having tears or the consolations and tenderness we usually crave and use to comfort ourselves, but in serving with justice, strength of spirit, and humility. To me, that feels more like receiving than like we are giving anything at all.25 For little women like me, weak and with little strength, it seems fitting to me—as God is doing now—that He lead me with gifts, so that I may be able to bear some trials His Majesty has willed me to have.26 But for servants of God—men of weight, of learning and understanding—whom I see making such a fuss because God does not give them devotion that it disgusts me to hear them.27 I am not saying they should not take it if God gives it to them, and hold it in high regard, because then His Majesty sees that it is fitting; but that when they do not have it, they should not wear themselves out; and that they should understand it is not necessary, since His Majesty does not give it, and they should go as masters of themselves. Believe me, it’s a fault; I’ve tested it and seen it.28 Believe that it is an imperfection, and not walking with freedom of spirit, but being too weak to press ahead.
Gentle Guidance in Prayer
Teresa advises discretion in prayer, especially when the understanding is troubled or the body is indisposed, and encourages a gentle, patient approach that embraces the cross and trusts in God's help.
I'm not saying this so much for those who are beginning — though I put so much weight on it, because it matters a great deal that they begin with this freedom and determination — but for others. There will be many who started long ago and never finish finishing; and I believe a large part of that is this failure to embrace the cross from the beginning. So they go along distressed, thinking they're doing nothing.✦29 When the understanding stops working, they can't bear it; and perhaps then the will grows strong and gathers force, and they themselves don't understand it.30 We ought to remember that the Lord doesn't take account of these things—things that, though they seem like faults to us, aren't. His Majesty already knows our misery and our lowly nature better than we ourselves do, and He knows that these souls already always long to think of Him and love Him.3132 This resolve is what He wants; that other distress we put ourselves through does nothing but unsettle the soul—and if it was going to leave the soul unfit to make any progress for one hour, let it leave it unfit for four.33 Because very often—and I have the greatest experience of this, and I know it's true, because I've looked into it carefully and afterward discussed it with spiritual people—it comes from physical illness. We're so miserable that this poor little imprisoned soul shares in the body's miseries; and changes in the weather and the shifts of the humors often make it so that, through no fault of its own, it can't do what it wants, but has to suffer in every way. And the more they try to force it at these times, the worse it gets, and the longer the trouble lasts. So there should be discretion to see when this is the case, and they shouldn't smother the poor thing: let them understand they're sick; let the hour of prayer be changed, and often it will need to be for some days.34 Let them get through this exile as best they can, for it's a hard misfortune for a soul that loves God to see that it lives in this misery and can't do what it wants, because it has such a bad guest as this body. I said "with discretion," because sometimes the devil will cause it; and so it's good neither always to leave off prayer when there is great distraction and turmoil in the understanding, nor always to torment the soul into what it can't do. There are other outward things—works of charity and reading—though sometimes it won't even be fit for that. Then let it serve the body for the love of God, because many other times the body serves the soul; and let it take some holy recreations—conversations that are truly holy, or going out into the countryside—as the confessor advises. And in everything experience is a great thing, for it makes us understand what is good for us, and in everything God is served.35 His yoke is gentle, and it's a great thing not to drag the soul along, as they say, but to lead it gently, for its greater progress. So I turn again to warn you—and it does no harm if I say it many times—that it matters a great deal that no one squeeze or afflict themselves over dryness, or over unrest and distraction in the thoughts. If you want to gain freedom of spirit and not go around always troubled, begin by not being frightened of the cross, and you'll see how the Lord helps you carry it too, and with what contentment you walk, and what profit you draw from everything. For it's plain that if the well doesn't flow, we can't put the water there ourselves. It's true that we mustn't be careless about drawing it out when there is some; because then God already wants, by this means, to multiply the virtues.36
Read the original Spanish
Dice en qué está la falta de no amar á Dios con perfecion en breve tiempo; comienza á declarar, por una comparacion que pone, cuatro grados de oracion: va tratando aqui del primero: es muy provechoso para los que comienzan, y para los que no tienen gustos en la oracion.
Pues hablando ahora de los que comienzan á ser siervos del amor (que no me parece otra cosa determinarnos á siguir por este camino de oracion al que tanto nos amó) es una dinidad tan grande, que me regalo extrañamente en pensar en ella; porque el temor servil luego va fuera, si en este primer estado vamos como hemos de ir. ¡Oh Señor de mi alma y bien mio! ¿por qué no quisistes, que en determinándose un alma á amaros, con hacer lo que puede en dejarlo todo, para mejor se emplear en este amor de Dios, luego gózase de subir á tener este amor perfeto? Mal he dicho; había de decir y quejarme, porque no queremos nosotros (pues toda la falta nuestra es) en no gozar luego de tan gran dinidad, pues en llegando á tener con perfeción este verdadero amor de Dios, trae consigo todos los bienes. Somos tan caros y tan tardíos de darnos del todo á Dios, que, como su Majestad no quiere gocemos de cosa tan preciosa sin gran precio, no acabamos de disponernos. Bien veo que no le hay, con que se pueda comprar tan gran bien en la tierra; mas, si hiciésemos lo que podemos en no nos asir á cosa della, sino que todo nuestro cuidado y trato fuese en el cielo; creo yo sin duda muy en breve se nos daria este bien, si en breve del todo nos dispusiésemos, como algunos santos lo hicieron. Mas parécenos que lo damos todo; y es que ofrecemos á Dios la renta ó los frutos, y quedámonos con la raíz y posesión. Determinámonos á ser pobres, y es de gran merecimiento; mas muchas veces tornamos á tener cuidado y diligencia para que no nos falte, no solo lo necesario, sino lo superfluo, y aun granjear los amigos que no lo den, y ponernos en mayor cuidado y, por ventura, peligro, porque no nos falte, que antes teníamos en poseer la hacienda.
Parece también que dejamos la honra en ser religiosos, ó en haber ya comenzado á tener vida espiritual, y á siguir perfecion, y no nos han tocado en un punto de honra, cuando no se nos acuerda la hemos ya dado á Dios, y y nos queremos tornar á alzar con ella, y tomársela, como dicen, de las manos, despues de haberle de nuestra voluntad, al parecer, hecho Señor: ansí son todas las otras cosas.
¡Donosa manera de buscar amor de Dios! Y luego le queremos á manos llenas, á manera de decir; tenernos nuestras aficiones, ya que no procuramos efetuar nuestros deseos, y no acabarlos de levantar de la tierra, y muchas consolaciones espirituales con esto. No viene bien, ni me parece se compadece esto con estotro. Ansí, que porque no se acaba de dar junto, no se nos da por junto este tesoro: plega al Señor que gota á gota nos le dé su Majestad, aunque sea costándonos todos los trabajos del mundo. Harto gran misericordia hace á quien da gracia y ánimo para determinarse á procurar con todas sus fuerzas este bien, porque, si persevera, no se niega Dios á nadie, poco á poco va habilitando el ánimo, para que salga con esta vitoria. Digo ánimo, porque son tantas las cosas, que el demonio pone delante á los principios, para que no comiencen este camino de hecho, como quien sabe el daño, que de aquí le viene, no solo en perder aquel alma, sino á muchas. Si el que comienza se esfuerza con el favor de Dios á llegar á la cumbre de la perfecion, creo jamás va solo al cielo; siempre lleva mucha gente tras sí: como á buen capitan le da Dios quien vaya en su compañía. Ansí, que póneles tantos peligros y dificultades delante, que no es menester poco ánimo para no tornar atrás, sino muy mucho y mucho favor de Dios.
Pues hablando de los principios de los que ya van determinados á siguir este bien, y á salir con esta empresa (que de lo demás que comencé á decir de mística teulogía, que creo se llama ansí, diré mas adelante) en estos principios está todo el mayor trabajo; porque son ellos los que trabajan, dando el Señor el caudal, que en los otros grados de oracion lo mas es gozar, puesto que primeros y medianos y postreros, todos llevan sus cruces, aunque diferentes; que por este camino que fué Cristo han de ir los que le siguen, si no se quieren perder: y bienaventurados trabajos, que aun acá en la vida tan sobradamente se pagan. Habré de aprovecharme de alguna comparacion, que yo las quisiera excusar por ser mujer, y escribir simplemente lo que me mandan; mas este lenguaje de espíritu es tan malo de declarar á los que no saben letras, como yo, que habré de buscar algun modo, y podrá ser las menos veces acierte á que venga bien la comparacion: servirá de dar recreacion á vuesa merced de ver tanta torpeza. Paréceme ahora á mí, que he leído ú oido esta comparacion, que como tengo mala memoria, ni sé adónde, ni á qué propósito; mas para el mio ahora conténtame. Ha de hacer cuenta el que comienza, que comienza á hacer un huerto en tierra muy infructuosa, y que lleva muy malas yerbas, para que se deleite el Señor. Su Majestad arranca las malas yerbas, y ha de plantar las buenas. Pues hagamos cuenta, que está ya hecho esto, cuando se determina á tener oracion una alma, y lo ha comenzado á usar; y con ayuda de Dios hemos de procurar como buenos hortolanos, que crezcan estas plantas, y tener cuidado de regarlas, para que no se pierdan, sino que vengan á echar flores, que dén de sí gran olor, para dar recreacion á este Señor nuestro; y ansí se venga á deleitar muchas veces á esta huerta, y á holgarse entre estas virtudes.
Pues veamos ahora de la manera que se puede regar para que entendamos lo que hemos de hacer, y el trabajo que nos ha de costar, si es mayor la ganancia, ú hasta qué tanto tiempo se ha de tener.
Paréceme á mí que se puede regar de cuatro maneras; ú con sacar el agua de un pozo, que es á nuestro gran trabajo; ú con noria y arcaduces, que se saca con un torno (yo la he sacado algunas veces) es á menos trabajo que estotro, y sácase mas agua; ú de un rio ú arroyo, esto se riega muy mijor, que queda mas harta la tierra de agua, y no se ha menester regar tan á menudo, y es á menos trabajo mucho del hortolano: ú con llover mucho, que lo riega el Señor sin trabajo ninguno nuestro, y es muy sin comparacion mijor, que todo lo que queda dicho. Ahora pues, aplicadas estas cuatro maneras de agua, de que se ha de sustentar este huerto, porque sin ella perderse ha, es lo que á mí me hace al caso, y ha parecido, que se podrá declarar algo de cuatro grados de oracion, en que el Señor, por su bondad, ha puesto algunas veces mi alma. Plega á su bondad atine á decirlo, de manera que aproveche á una de las personas, que esto me mandaron escribir, que la ha traido el Señor en cuatro meses, harto mas adelante que yo estaba en diez y siete años: hase dispuesto mijor y ansí sin trabajo suyo riega este verjel con todas estas cuatro aguas; aunque la postrera aun no se le da sino á gotas, mas va de suerte, que presto se engolfará en ella, con ayuda del Señor; y gustaré que se ria, si le pareciere desatino la manera de el declarar.
De los que comienzan á tener oracion, podemos decir son los que sacan el agua del pozo, que es muy á su trabajo, como tengo dicho; que han de cansarse en recoger los sentidos, que como están acostumbrados á andar derramados, es harto trabajo. Han menester irse acostumbrando á no se les dar nada de ver ni oir, y aun ponerlo por obra las horas de la oracion, sino estar en soledad, y apartados pensar su vida pasada. Aunque esto primeros y postreros todos lo han de hacer muchas veces, hay mas y menos de pensar en esto, como despues diré. Al principio anda pena, que no acaban de entender, que se arrepienten de los pecados; y si hacen, pues se determinan á servir á Dios tan de veras. Han de procurar tratar de la vida de Cristo, y cánsase el entendimiento en esto. Hasta aquí podemos adquirir nosotros, entiéndese con el favor de Dios; que sin este, ya se sabe no podemos tener un buen pensamiento. Esto es comenzar á sacar agua del pozo; y aun plega á Dios lo quiera tener, mas al menos no queda por nosotros, que ya vamos á sacarla, y hacemos lo que podemos para regar estas flores. Y es Dios tan bueno, que cuando por lo que su Majestad sabe (por ventura para gran provecho nuestro) quiere que esté seco el pozo, haciendo lo que es en nosotros, como buenos hortolanos, sin agua sustenta las flores, y hace crecer las virtudes: llamo agua aquí las lágrimas, y aunque no las haya, la ternura y sentimiento interior de devocion.
¿Pues qué hará aquí el que ve, que en muchos días no hay sino sequedad y desgusto y desabor, y tan mala gana para venir á sacar el agua, que si no se le acordase que hace placer y servicio al Señor de la huerta, y mirase á no perder todo lo servido, y aun lo que espera ganar del gran trabajo, que es echar muchas veces el caldero en el pozo y sacarle sin agua, lo dejaría todo? Y muchas veces le acaecerá, aun para esto no se le alzar los brazos, ni podrá tener un buen pensamiento; que este obrar con el entendimiento, entendido va que es el sacar agua del pozo. Pues como digo, ¿qué hará aquí el hortolano? Alegrarse y consolarse, y tener por grandísima merced de trabajar en huerto de tan gran emperador, y pues sabe le contenta en aquello, y su intento no ha de ser contentarse á sí, sino á El, alábele mucho, que hace de él confianza, pues ve, que sin pagarle nada, tiene tan gran cuidado de lo que le encomendó, y ayúdele a llevar la cruz, y piense que toda la vida vivió en ella, y no quiera acá su reino, ni deje jamás la oracion; y ansí se determine, aunque por toda la vida le dure esta sequedad, no dejar á Cristo caer con la cruz. Tiempo verná que se lo pague por junto; no haya miedo que se pierda el trabajo: á buen amo sirve, mirándolo está, no haga caso de malos pensamientos; mire que tambien los representaba el demonio á san Jerónimo en el desierto: su precio se tienen estos trabajos, que como quien los pasó muchos años, que cuando una gota de agua sacaba de este bendito pozo, pensaba me hacía Dios merced. Sé que son grandísimos, y me parece es menester mas ánimo, que para otros muchos trabajos del mundo: mas he visto claro que no deja Dios sin gran premio, aun en esta vida; porque es ansí cierto, que con una hora de las que el Señor me ha dado de gusto de sí, despues acá, me parece quedan pagadas todas las congojas, que en sustentarme en la oracion mucho tiempo pasé.
Tengo para mí, que quiere el Señor dar muchas veces á el principio, y otras á la postre, estos tormentos y otras muchas tentaciones, que se ofrecen, para probar á sus amadores, y saber si podrán beber el cáliz, y ayudarle á llevar la cruz, antes que ponga en ellos grandes tesoros. Y para bien nuestro creo, nos quiere su Majestad llevar por aquí, para que entendamos bien lo poco que somos; porque son de tan gran dinidad las mercedes de despues, que quiere por expiriencia veamos antes nuestra miseria, primero que nos las dé, porque no nos acaezca lo que á Lucifer.
¿Qué haceis vos, Señor mio, que no sea para mayor bien del alma, que entendeis que es ya vuestra, y que se pone en vuestro poder, para seguiros por donde fuéredes hasta muerte de cruz, y que está determinada ayudárosla á llevar, y á no dejaros solo con ella? Quien viere en sí esta determinacion. . . no, no hay que temer gente espiritual; no hay por qué se afligir puesto ya en tan alto grado, como es querer tratar á solas con Dios, y dejar los pasatiempos del mundo, lo mas está hecho: alabad por ello á su Majestad, y fiad en su bondad, que nunca faltó á sus amigos; atapaos los ojos de pensar, ¿por qué da aquel de tan pocos días devocion, y á mí no de tantos años? Creamos, es todo para mas bien nuestro; guie su Majestad por donde quisiere, ya no somos nuestros, sino suyos; harta merced nos hace en querer que queramos cavar en su huerto, y estarnos cabe el Señor dél, que cierto está con nosotros; si él quiere que crezcan estas plantas y flores, á unos con dar agua, que saquen deste pozo, á otros sin ella, ¿qué se me da á mí? Haced vos, Señor, lo que quisiéredes, no os ofenda yo, no se pierdan las virtudes, si alguna me habeis ya dado, por sola vuestra bondad; padecer quiero, Señor, pues vos padecistes; cúmplase en mí de todas maneras vuestra voluntad; y no plega á vuestra Majestad, que cosa de tanto precio como vuestro amor, se dé á gente que os sirva por gustos.
Hase de notar mucho, y dígolo, porque lo sé por expiriencia, que el alma que en este camino de oracion mental comienza á caminar con determinacion, y puede acabar consigo de no hacer mucho caso, ni consolarse, ni desconsolarse mucho, porque falten estos gustos y ternura, ú la dé el Señor, que tiene andado gran parte del camino; y no haya miedo de tornar atrás, aunque mas tropiece, porque va comenzado el edificio en firme fundamento. Si, que no está el amor de Dios en tener lágrimas, ni estos gustos y ternura, que por la mayor parte los deseamos y consolámonos con ellos, sino en servir con justicia y fortaleza de ánimo y humildad. Recibir mas me parece á mí eso que no dar nosotras nada. Para mujercitas, como yo, flaca y con poca fortaleza, me parece á mí conviene (como ahora lo hace Dios) llevarme con regalos; porque pueda sufrir algunos trabajos, que ha querido su Majestad tenga. Mas para siervos de Dios, hombres de tomo, de letras y entendimiento, que veo hacer tanto caso de que Dios no les da devocion, que me hace disgusto oirlos. No digo yo que no la tomen, si Dios se la da, y la tengan en mucho, porque entonces verá su Majestad que conviene; mas que cuando no la tuvieren, que no se fatiguen; y que entiendan que no es menester, pues su Majestad no la da, y anden señores de sí mesmos. Crean que es falta, yo lo he probado y visto. Crean que es imperfecion y no andar con libertad de espíritu, sino flacos para acometer.
Esto no lo digo tanto por los que comienzan, aunque pongo tanto en ello, porque les importa mucho comenzar con esta libertad y determinacion, sino por otros; que habrá muchos, que lo ha que comenzaron, y nunca acaban de acabar; y creo es gran parte este no abrazar la cruz desde el principio; que andarán afligidos, pareciéndoles no hacen nada. En dejando de obrar el entendimiento no lo pueden sufrir; y por ventura entonces engorda la voluntad y toma fuerzas, y no lo entienden ellos.
Hemos de pensar que no mira el Señor en estas cosas, que, aunque á nosotros nos parecen faltas, no lo son: ya sabe su Majestad nuestra miseria, y bajo natural, mijor que nosotros mesmos; y sabe que ya estas almas desean siempre pensar en él y amarle. Esta determinacion es la que quiere; estotro afligimiento, que nos damos, no sirve de mas de inquietar el alma, y si habia de estar inhábil para aprovechar una hora, que lo esté cuatro.
Porque muy muchas veces (yo tengo grandísima expiriencia de ello, y sé que es verdad, porque lo he mirado con cuidado, y tratado despues á personas espirituales) que viene de indisposicion corporal; que somos tan miserables, que participa esta encarceladita de esta pobre alma de las miserias del cuerpo: y las mudanzas de los tiempos y las vueltas de los humores muchas veces hacen, que sin culpa suya, no pueda hacer lo que quiere, sino que padezca de todas maneras; y mientras mas la quieren forzar en estos tiempos, es peor, y dura mas el mal; sino que haya discricion para ver cuando es desto, y no la ahoguen á la pobre: entiendan son enfermos; múdese la hora de la oracion, y hartas veces será algunos días. Pasen como pudieren este destierro, que harta mala ventura es de un alma, que ama á Dios, ver que vive en esta miseria, y que no puede lo que quiere, por tener tan mal huésped, como este cuerpo. Dije con discricion, porque alguna vez el demonio lo hará; y ansí es bien ni siempre dejar la oracion cuando hay gran distraimiento y turbacion en el entendimiento, ni siempre atormentar el alma á lo que no puede: otras cosas hay exteriores de obras de caridad y de licion, aunque á veces aun no estará para esto: sirva entonces á el cuerpo por amor de Dios; porque otras veces muchas sirva él á el alma, y tome algunos pasatiempos santos de conversaciones, que lo sean, ú irse al campo, como aconsejare el confesor; y en todo es gran cosa la expiriencia, que da á entender lo que nos conviene, y en todo se sirve Dios. Suave es su yugo, y es gran negocio no traer el alma arrastrada, como dicen, sino llevarla con suavidad, para su mayor aprovechamiento. Ansí que torno á avisar, y aunque lo diga muchas veces no va nada, que importa mucho que de sequedades, ni de inquietud y distraimiento en los pensamientos, naide se apriete ni aflija: si quiere ganar libertad de espíritu, y no andar siempre atribulado, comience á no se espantar de la cruz, y verá cómo se la ayuda tambien á llevar el Señor, y con el contento que anda, y el provecho que saca de todo; porque ya se ve, que si el pozo no mana, que nosotros no podemos poner el agua. Verdad es que no hemos de estar descuidados para cuando la haya sacarla; porque entonces ya quiere Dios por este medio multiplicar las virtudes.
Scripture echoes
- ↩Matt.16.24 — Then Jesus said to his disciples, "If anyone wants to come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me."
- ↩Matt.16.24 — Then Jesus said to his disciples, "If anyone wants to come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me."
- ↩2Cor.3.5 — Not that we are sufficient in ourselves to claim anything as coming from ourselves; but our sufficiency is from God.
- ↩Isa.14.12-Isa.14.15 — How you have fallen from heaven, O Day Star, son of Dawn! You have been cut down to the earth, you who laid low the nations! Isa.14.13 — And you said in your heart, 'I will ascend to the heavens; above the stars of God I will raise my throne, and I will sit on the mount of assembly, in the far reaches of the north." Keep the quotation open into v.14 for continuity. Isa.14.14 — I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.'" Close the quotation here so the transition to v.15 lands clearly. Isa.14.15 — But you are brought down to Sheol, to the depths of the pit.
- ↩Matt.16.24;Luke.9.23 — Then Jesus said to his disciples, "If anyone wants to come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me." Luke.9.23 — Then he said to all, "If anyone wants to come after me, let him deny himself, take up his cross daily, and follow me."
Notes
- 1 ↩In Teresa's vocabulary, gustos in prayer usually means spiritual consolations or sweet delight, not ordinary pleasure or preference; rendered here as consolations.
- 2 ↩Self-correction of the previous question: the delay is blamed on our unwillingness, not on God's will; 'en no gozar luego' continues that complaint.
- 3 ↩'caros' rendered as 'stingy' (begrudging / setting a high price on ourselves), not merely 'costly'.
- 4 ↩'granjear los amigos que no lo den' rendered as cultivating friends so they will supply what we fear to lack; the relative/purpose force is slightly compressed in the Spanish.
- 5 ↩Source has duplicated "y y" before "nos queremos"; translated as a single connective.
- 6 ↩Semicolon after 'á manera de decir' introduces a compressed list of contradictions: retaining attachments while wanting God's love in abundance and spiritual consolations.
- 7 ↩'Se compadece' here means 'is compatible / accords with,' not 'takes pity on.'
- 8 ↩'Porque no se acaba de dar junto' read as incomplete self-gift (we do not finish giving ourselves wholly), which explains why the treasure is not given all at once; an impersonal reading ('it is not finished being given all at once') is less coherent with the contrast.
- 9 ↩Honorific address to her clerical recipient; 'recreacion' here means amusement, not the delight offered to God in s6.
- 10 ↩Taken with Su Majestad as subject: God first clears and plants the garden, matching the watering allegory that follows.
- 11 ↩«noria y arcaduces» rendered as waterwheel and buckets (the bucket-chain of a noria turned by a crank/windlass).
- 12 ↩«se engolfará en ella» rendered as 'immersed in it' (engulfed/plunged into the fourth water of prayer).
- 13 ↩Elliptical Spanish 'Aunque esto primeros y postreros': rendered as 'Although beginners and those farthest along [must do] this,' taking 'esto' as the object of the shared practice of examining one's past life.
- 14 ↩'y si hacen' is elliptical. Rendered as continuing the repentance sense ('and if they do [repent]'); it could also be read as 'and if they do [understand].' 'anda pena' taken as ongoing hardship/distress rather than mere annoyance.
- 15 ↩'plega á Dios lo quiera tener' rendered as a wish that God be pleased to grant/keep this watering; 'no queda por nosotros' as 'it isn't left undone on our side' (not for want of our effort).
- 16 ↩"merced" rendered as "favor" (divine gift of being allowed to serve), not generic "mercy."
- 17 ↩Source reading 'dinidad' treated as intended 'dignidad' (dignity).
- 18 ↩Source reading 'expiriencia' treated as intended 'experiencia' (experience).
- 19 ↩Sentence appears truncated in the source payload; likely continued in the following material now split across later refs.
- 20 ↩Source text is only a period; no recoverable Spanish content to translate.
- 21 ↩Source text is only a period; no recoverable Spanish content to translate.
- 22 ↩Rendered 'gustos'-adjacent spiritual comparison as jealousy over 'devotion' (devoción), keeping the durable term; 'atapaos los ojos de pensar' rendered idiomatically as 'shut your eyes against thinking'.
- 23 ↩'harta merced' rendered as 'a great mercy'; in Teresa, merced often shades toward favor/grace as well as mercy.
- 24 ↩'gustos' rendered as 'consolations' (spiritual sweetnesses/delights), not generic pleasures.
- 25 ↩Teresa means tears/consolations are gifts received from God, not merits we offer Him.
- 26 ↩'regalos' rendered as 'gifts' (consoling favors), not mere presents; 'trabajos' as 'trials' (hardships).
- 27 ↩'hombres de tomo' rendered as 'men of weight' (men of substance/importance).
- 28 ↩'falta' points to fretting over the absence of sensible devotion (continued from s5–s6), not devotion itself.
- 29 ↩Archaic 'lo ha que comenzaron' read as 'hace [tiempo] que comenzaron' ('who began long ago / it has been some time since they began').
- 30 ↩Spanish 'engorda la voluntad' is Teresa's bodily metaphor of the will being fattened/nourished; rendered as 'grows strong' for natural English while keeping the sense of interior strengthening when the intellect is idle.
- 31 ↩Spanish "no mira el Señor en estas cosas" rendered as "doesn't take account of"; the idiom means He does not hold these apparent failings against the soul, not that He fails to see them.
- 32 ↩Source "mijor" / "mesmos" read as period spellings of mejor / mismos ("better" / "ourselves").
- 33 ↩"Esta determinacion es la que quiere": subject of "quiere" taken as His Majesty / the Lord from the preceding sentence. "Aprovechar" rendered as spiritual progress/profit in prayer.
- 34 ↩"vueltas de los humores" rendered as "turns of the humors," retaining the early-modern medical sense of bodily temperament rather than modern "moods."
- 35 ↩"licion" rendered as "reading" (spiritual reading/lesson), not academic instruction.
- 36 ↩"la" continues the water image from the preceding sentence's well: when water is available, draw it; God then multiplies virtues through that diligence.
The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila companion
A daily portion of stillness
Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.
Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.
- Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
- A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
- Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent