God was never displesid with His chosin wif; and of three properties in the Trinite, faderhede, Moderhede, and lordhede; and how our substance is in every person, but our sensualite is in Criste alone. Fifty-eighth chapter.
The Trinity's Eternal Purpose and Our Union with God
The Trinity eternally purposed to make humanity, knitting us to Himself in love, so that we are His beloved spouse with whom He is never displeased.
God, the blissful Trinity who is everlasting being—just as He is endless from without beginning, just so it was endlessly in His purpose to make humankind. This fair nature was first ordained to His own Son, the Second Person.1 And when He willed, by the full accord of all the Trinity, He made us all at once; and in our making He knit us and united us to Himself, by which union we are kept as clean and as noble as we were made.2 By the power of that same precious union we love our Maker and delight in Him, praise Him and thank Him and endlessly rejoice in Him.3 And this is the work that is wrought continually in every soul that shall be saved, which is the godly will spoken of before.4 And thus in our making, God Almighty is our natural Father, and God All-Wisdom is our natural Mother, with the love and the goodness of the Holy Spirit, who is all one God, one Lord.5 And in the knitting and in the union He is our very true spouse, and we are His beloved wife and His fair maiden—with which wife He is never displeased. For He says, "I love you, and you love me, and our love shall never be parted in two."6
Three Properties of the Trinity: Fatherhood, Motherhood, Lordship
Julian beholds the three properties of the Trinity—fatherhood, motherhood, and lordship—and explains how each Person provides for our being, growth, and fulfillment through nature, mercy, and grace.
I saw the working of the whole blessed Trinity, and in that seeing I understood these three properties: the property of fatherhood, the property of motherhood, and the property of lordship in one God. In our Father Almighty we have our preservation and our bliss regarding our natural substance, which is ours by our creation without beginning.7 And in the Second Person, in understanding and wisdom, we have our preservation regarding our sensuality, our restoration, and our saving.8 For He is our Mother, brother, and Savior. And in our good Lord the Holy Spirit we have our reward and our recompense for our living and our toil; and an endless surpassing of all that we desire, in His marvelous courtesy, from His high and plentiful grace.9 For all our life is in three. In the first we have our being, in the second we have our growth, and in the third we have our fulfillment. The first is nature, the second is mercy, the third is grace.10
The Trinity as Father, Mother, and Lord in Our Substance
The high might of the Trinity is our Father, the deep wisdom is our Mother, and the great love is our Lord, all given to us in our substantial making.
First, I saw and understood that the high might of the Trinity is our Father, and the deep wisdom of the Trinity is our Mother, and the great love of the Trinity is our Lord; and all this we have in nature and in our substantial making.11
Christ Our Mother in Substance and Sensuality
The Second Person, who is our Mother in substance, also becomes our Mother in sensuality, reforming and restoring us through His Passion and uniting us to our substance.
And further I saw that the Second Person, who is our Mother in substance, that same precious Person has become our Mother in sensuality.12 For we are twofold in God's making—that is to say, substantial and sensual. Our substance is the higher part, which we have in our Father, God Almighty. And the Second Person of the Trinity is our Mother in nature in our substantial making, in whom we are grounded and rooted; and He is our Mother in mercy in our sensuality, taking flesh.13 And so our Mother works toward us in diverse ways, and in Him our parts are kept undivided.14 For in our Mother Christ we advance and grow, and in mercy He reforms us and restores us; and by the power of His Passion and His death and rising, He unites us to our substance. So our Mother works in mercy toward all His children who are willing and obedient to Him.15
The Holy Spirit's Grace and Our Fulfillment in the Trinity
The Holy Spirit works by rewarding and giving, fulfilling us by grace, and our substance is whole in each Person of the Trinity, while our sensuality is only in Christ, through whom we are brought to heavenly union.
And grace works with mercy, and especially in two properties, as it was shown — a working that belongs to the third Person, the Holy Spirit. He works by rewarding and by giving. Rewarding is the Lord's generous gift in truth to the one who has labored; and giving is a courteous work that He does freely by grace, fulfilling and surpassing all that creatures have deserved.16 Thus in our Father, God Almighty, we have our being; and in our Mother of mercy we have our reforming and restoring, in whom our parts are united and all made into a perfect human being; and by the rewarding and giving in the grace of the Holy Spirit, we are fulfilled.17 And our substance is our Father, God Almighty; and our substance is our Mother, God all-wisdom; and our substance is in our Lord the Holy Spirit, God all-goodness.18 For our substance is whole in each Person of the Trinity, who is one God. And our sensuality is only in the second Person, Christ Jesus, in whom are the Father and the Holy Spirit; and in Him and by Him we are mightily taken out of Hell and out of the wretchedness on earth and honorably brought up into Heaven, and blissfully united to our substance, increased in riches and nobility by all the power of Christ, and by the grace and working of the Holy Spirit.19
Read the original Middle English
God, the blisful Trinite which is everlestand beyng, ryte as He is endless from without begynning, ryte so it was in His purpose endles to maken mankynd, which fair kynd first was adyte to His owen Son, the Second Person. And whan He wold, be full accord of all the Trinite, He made us all at onys; and in our makyng He knitt us and onyd us to Hymself, be which onyng we arn kept as clene and as noble as we were made. Be the vertue of the ilke pretious onyng we loven our Maker and liken Him, praysen Him and thankyng Him and endlesly enjoyen in Him. And this is the werke which is wrought continuly in every soule that shal be save, which is the godly will afornsaid. And thus in our makeyng God almigty is our kindely fader, and God alwisdam is our kindly Moder, with the love and the goodnes of the Holy Gost, which is al one God, on Lord. And in the knittyng and in the onyng He is our very trewe spouse, and we His lovid wif and His fair maiden with which wif He is never displesid. For He seith, I love the, and thou lovist me, and our love shal never be departid on to.
I beheld the werking of all the blissid Trinite, in which beholdyng I saw and understode these three properties: the properte of the faderhede, the properte of the moderhede, and the properte of the lordhede in one God. In our Fader Almyty we have our keping and our bliss as anemts our kyndly substance, which is to us be our makyng without begynnyng. And in the Second Person, in witt and wisdam, we have our keping as anempts our sensualite, our restoryng, and our savyng. For He is our Moder, brother, and savior. And in our good Lord the Holy Gost we have our rewarding and our yeldyng for our lifyng and our travel; and endless overpassing all that we desiren, in His mervelous curtesy, of His hey plentiuous grace. For al our life is in thre. In the first we have our beyng, and in the second we have our encresyng, and in the thrid we hav our fulfilling. The first is kinde, the second is mercy, the thred is grace.
For the first, I saw and understod that the hey myte of the Trinite is our fader, and the depe wisdam of the Trinite is our Moder, and the grete love of the Trinite is our Lord; and al this have we in kynd and in our substantial makyng.
And ferthermore I saw that the Second Person, which is our Moder substantial, that same derworthy person is become our Moder sensual. For we arn duble of Gods makyng, that is to say, substantiall and sensual. Our substance is the heyer parte, which we have in our fader God Almyty. And the Second Person of the Trinite is our Moder in kynde in our substantiall makeyng, in whome we arn groundid and rotid, and He is our Moder in mercy in our sensualite, takyng flesh. And thus our Moder is to us dyvers manner werkyng, in whom our parties are kepid ondepartid. For in our Moder Criste we profitten and encresin, and in mercy He reformith us and restorith; and, be the vertue of His passion and His deth and uprisyng, onyth us to our substance. Thus werkith our Moder in mercy to all His children which arn to Him buxum and obedient.
And grace werkyth with mercy, and namely in two propertes, as it was shewid, which werkyng longyth to the thred person, the Holy Gost. He werkith rewardyng and gefyng. Rewardyng is large gevyng of trewth that the Lord doth to hym that hath travellid; and gevyng is a curtes workyng which He doith, frely of grace fulfill, and overpassand al that is deservid of cretures. Thus in our fader God almyty we have our beyng; and in our Moder of mercy we have our reformyng and restoryng in whome our partes are onyd and all made perfitt man; and be yeldyng and gevyng in grace of the Holy Gost, we arn fulfillid. And our substance is our fader, God Almyty, and our substance is our Moder, God alwisdamm, and our substance is in our Lord the Holy Gost, God al goodnes. For our substance is hole in ilke person of the Trinite which is on God. And our sensualite is only in the second person, Crist Jesu in whom is the Fader and the Holy Gost; and in Him and be Him we arn mytyly taken out of Helle and out of the wretchidnes in erth and worshipfully browte up into Hevyn, and blisfully onyd to our substance, incresid in riches and noblith be al the vertue of Criste, and be the grace and werkyng of the Holy Gost.
Notes
- 1 ↩ME adyte (adyght): ordained/appointed/prepared; rendered here as "ordained."
- 2 ↩ME onyd / onyng is Julian's technical "oneing"; rendered as "united" / "union" for modern readability while preserving the sense of being made one with God.
- 3 ↩ME liken Him: taken as affective "like/delight in Him," parallel to love, praise, thank, and enjoy—not "make ourselves like Him."
- 4 ↩godly will afornsaid points back to Julian's earlier teaching on the higher godly will in the saved soul that never assents to sin.
- 5 ↩ME kindely / kindly here means "by nature / of our kind," not "gentle." God All-Wisdom names the Second Person as Mother in Julian's Trinitarian pattern.
- 6 ↩ME departid on to read as "parted in two" (on two); mutual love retained in modern you-forms per register policy, with uncontracted solemn quoted speech.
- 7 ↩ME 'anemts'/'anempts' = as regards / concerning. 'kyndly substance' is Julian's technical term for our essential created being by nature, not merely temperament.
- 8 ↩ME 'sensualite' is Julian's technical term for the lower, embodied part of the soul joined to Christ—not modern 'sensuality' as lust or appetite.
- 9 ↩ME 'travel' here means travail (toil/labor), not journeying. 'yeldyng' rendered as recompense/return.
- 10 ↩ME 'kinde' here means nature (Julian's nature–mercy–grace triad), not kindness.
- 11 ↩Moder keeps Julian's Mother-language for the Trinity's wisdom (not a Marian reference). kynd/nature and substantial makyng name our essential created being, as distinguished later from sensuality.
- 12 ↩Julian's 'sensual' / 'sensuality' names the embodied, lower part of human nature joined to Christ in the Incarnation, not erotic desire. 'Mother in substance' / 'Mother in sensuality' keeps her technical pair: Christ is Mother of our essential being, and by taking flesh becomes Mother of our sensual nature.
- 13 ↩'In kynde' rendered as 'in nature': by nature, in our substantial creation, the Second Person is our Mother; and in mercy, within our sensuality, He is our Mother by taking flesh (the Incarnation).
- 14 ↩'Dyvers manner werkyng' taken as diverse modes of working toward us; 'parties... ondepartid' as our substantial and sensual parts kept undivided in Christ the Mother.
- 15 ↩ME 'buxum' means pliant, ready, meekly compliant—not modern 'buxom'. Rendered 'willing' beside the source's own 'obedient'.
- 16 ↩ME 'trewth' here is God's faithful, due gift (what is rightly given), not abstract veracity alone; 'curtes' is Julian's hallmark 'courteous' for God's gracious manner.
- 17 ↩ME 'yeldyng' here parallels the earlier 'rewardyng' (rendering/paying what is due), not passive surrender.
- 18 ↩Kept Julian's technical 'substance' (the higher, essential part of the soul grounded in God). The source puts 'in' only before the Holy Spirit; that asymmetry is preserved.
- 19 ↩ME 'sensualite' is Julian's technical term for the embodied, lower part of human nature (paired with 'substance'), not erotic appetite.
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