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Chapter 57JulianShowings.1.57

In our substance we aren full; in our sensualite we faylyn, which God will restore be mercy and grace. And how our kinde which is the heyer part is knitt to God in the makyng, and God, Jesus, is knitt to our kind in the lower part in our flesh takyng. And of feith spryngyn other vertues; and Mary is our Moder. Fifty-seventh chapter.

Substance and Sensuality

Julian describes how in our substance we are full and noble, but in our sensuality we fail, and God restores us through mercy and grace flowing from His Godhead.

And as for our substance, He made us so noble and so rich that we work His will and His honor forever.1 When I say 'we,' I mean the humankind that will be saved. For truly I saw that we are what He loves and do what pleases Him, enduringly, without ever ceasing. And from that great richness and that high nobility, virtues come in due measure to our soul when it is knit to our body; and in that knitting we are made sensual.23 And so in our substance we are full, and in our sensuality we fail, and that failing God will restore and fulfill by working mercy and grace that flow plentifully into us from His own natural Godhead.4 And so His natural Godhead makes mercy and grace work in us, and the godlike nature we have from Him enables us to receive the working of mercy and grace.5

The Double Knitting of Our Nature

Our higher nature is knit to God in creation, and God is knit to our lower nature in the Incarnation, uniting all in Christ out of love.

I saw that our nature is wholly in God, in whom He makes diversities flowing out from Him to do His will — which nature keeps, and mercy and grace restore and fulfill.6 And none of these will perish. For our nature, which is the higher part, is knit to God in the making; and God is knit to our nature, which is the lower part, in His taking of our flesh; and so in Christ our two natures are united.7 For the Trinity is contained in Christ, in whom our higher part is grounded and rooted; and our lower part the Second Person has taken — which nature was first assigned to Him.8 For I saw with full certainty that all the works God has done, or ever will do, were fully known to Him and foreseen from without beginning. And out of love He made humankind, and for that same love He Himself willed to become man.

Faith and the Gifts of Grace

Faith comes from our substance into our sensual soul, bringing commandments, sacraments, and virtues, all renewed by the Holy Spirit and united in Christ's Incarnation.

The next good that we receive is our faith, in which our progress begins; and it comes from the high riches of our natural substance into our sensual soul.9 It is grounded in us, and we in it, through the natural goodness of God by the working of mercy and grace; from it come all other goods by which we are led and saved. For the commandments of God come therein, in which we ought to have two kinds of understanding: His bidding, to love them and to keep them.10 The other is that we ought to know His forbiddings, to hate and refuse them. For all our actions are comprised within these two. Also in our faith come the seven sacraments, each following the other in order as God has ordained them for us, and every kind of virtue. The same virtues we received from our substance, given to us in nature by the goodness of God—those same virtues, by the working of mercy, are given to us in grace, renewed through the Holy Spirit; these virtues and gifts are treasured for us in Jesus Christ.11 For at the very moment God knit Himself to our body in the Maiden's womb, He took our sensual soul; in that taking, having enclosed us all in Himself, He united it to our substance, and in that uniting He was perfect man.

Christ Our Mother and Mary Our Mother

Christ, having knit all the saved into Himself, is perfect man; Mary is our mother in whom we are enclosed, and Christ is our true Mother, endlessly birthing us and dwelling in our soul.

For Christ, having knit into Himself every person who will be saved, is perfect man. So our Lady is our Mother, in whom we are all enclosed and from whom we are born in Christ; for she who is the mother of our Savior is the mother of all who will be saved in our Savior. And our Savior is our true Mother, in whom we are endlessly born and from whom we will never come out.12 This was shown plentifully, fully, and sweetly. And it is mentioned in the first showing, where he says we are all enclosed in Him and He is enclosed in us; and that is mentioned in the sixteenth showing, where it says He sits in our soul.13 For it is His delight to reign blissfully in our understanding, to sit restfully in our soul, and to dwell endlessly in our soul, working us all into Himself; and in that working He wants us to be His helpers, giving Him all our attention, learning His teachings, keeping His laws, desiring that all He does be done, and truly trusting in Him.14 For truly I saw that our substance is in God.15

Read the original Middle English

And anempts our substance, He made us nobil and so rich that evermore we werkyn His will and His worship. There I say "we," it menith man that shall be savid. For sothly I saw that we arn that He lovith and don that He lekyth lestingly withouten ony stynting. And of the gret riches and of the hey noble, vertues be mesur come to our soule what tyme it is knitt to our body, in which knitting we arn made sensual. And thus in our substance we arn full and in our sensualite we faylyn, which faylyng God will restore and fulfill be werkyng mercy and grace plenteously flowand into us of His owne kynd godhede. And thus His kinde godhede makith that mercy and grace werkyn in us, and the kind godhede that we have of Him abilith us to receive the werking of mercy and grace.

I saw that our kind is in God hole, in which He makyth diverssetis flowand out of Him to werkyn His will, whom kind kepith, and mercy and grace restorith and fulfillith. And of these non shall perishen. For our kind which is the heyer part is knitt to God in the makyng, and God is knitt to our kinde, which is the lower partie in our flesh takyng, and thus in Crist our two kinds are onyd. For the Trinite is comprehendid in Criste in whome our heyer partie is groundid and rotid; and our lower partie, the Second Person hath taken, which kynd first to Him was adyte. For I saw full sekirly that all the workes that God hath done, or ever shall, wer ful knowen to Him and afornseen from without begynning. And for love He made mankynd, and for the same love Himself wold be man.

The next good that we receive is our feith, in which our profittyng begynnyth; and it commith of the hey riches of our kinde substance into our sensual soule. And it is groundid in us, and we in that, throw the kynde goodness of God be the werking of mercy and grace; and therof commen al other goods be which we arn led and savid. For the commandements of God commen therein, in which we owe to have two manner of understondyng, which are His bidding, to love them and to kepyn. That other is that we owe to knowen His forbyddings, to haten and to refusen. For in these two is all our werkyn comprehendid. Also in our feith commen the seven sacraments, ech folowing other in order as God hath ordeyned hem to us, and al manner of vertues. For the same vertues that we have receivid of our substance, gevyn to us in kinde be the goodness of God, the same vertues be the werkyng of mercy arn geven to us in grace throw the Holy Gost renued, which vertues and gyfts are tresurd to us in Jesus Christ. For in that ilk tyme that God knitted Him to our body in the Maydens womb, He toke our sensual soule; in which takyng, He us al haveyng beclosid in Him, He onyd it to our substance, in which onyng He was perfect man.

For Criste, havyng knitt in Him ilk man that shall be savid, is perfit man.

Thus our Lady is our Moder in whome we are all beclosid and of hir borne in Christe, for she that is moder of our Savior, is moder of all that shall be savid in our Savior. And our Savior is our very moder in whom we be endlesly borne and never shall come out of Him. Plenteously and fully and swetely was this shewid. And it is spoken of in the first wher he seith we arn all in Him beclosid and He is beclosid in us, and that is spoken of in the sixteenth shewing wher it seith He sittith in our soule. For it is His likeyng to reygne in our understonding blisfully, and sitten in our soule restfully, and to wonen in our soule endlesly, us al werkeng into Hym, in which werkyng He will we ben His helpers, gevyng to Him al our entendyng, lerand His loris, kepyng His lawes, desirand that al be done that He doith, truely trosting in Hym. For sothly I saw that our substance is in God.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩"Substance" is Julian's technical term for the higher, essential part of the soul made in God; keep it as a term of art, not as chemical or material "substance."
  2. 2 ↩"Sensual" / "sensuality" here is Julian's technical name for the lower, sensing part of our nature joined to the body—not modern erotic "sensual."
  3. 3 ↩"Of the hey noble" is taken as "from the high nobility" (noun), parallel to "gret riches"; an alternate parse would fold "noble" into "high noble virtues."
  4. 4 ↩"Sensuality" is Julian's technical term for the lower part of our nature (as in s4), which fails and needs restoration by mercy and grace.
  5. 5 ↩"His kinde godhede" = God's own natural Godhead; "the kind godhede that we have of Him" = the godlike / divine-imaged nature given us in creation (substance), which capacitates reception of mercy and grace.
  6. 6 ↩ME 'kind' rendered as 'nature' (Julian's technical term for human nature). Relative 'whom' taken as referring to His will; alternatively it could refer to the diversities themselves.
  7. 7 ↩ME 'two kinds' rendered 'two natures' for Julian's higher (substance) and lower (sensual/flesh) aspects of human nature united in Christ — not a Chalcedonian claim about Christ's two natures as such.
  8. 8 ↩ME 'adyte' is rare; rendered 'assigned' (appointed/allotted). Sense: that lower human nature was first appointed to the Second Person.
  9. 9 ↩Julian's technical pair: "substance" is the higher part of our nature as created in God; "sensual soul" is the lower, embodied part that receives faith and is restored by mercy and grace.
  10. 10 ↩"Two kinds of understanding" is completed in the next sentence: (1) His bidding—to love and keep; (2) His forbiddings—to hate and refuse. The source splits the pair across sentence refs.
  11. 11 ↩Parallel gift: virtues given "in nature" from substance by God's goodness are the same virtues given "in grace," renewed by the Holy Spirit through mercy, and treasured in Christ.
  12. 12 ↩ME 'very moder' rendered as 'true Mother' (genuine/essential motherhood of Christ), not intensifier 'very'.
  13. 13 ↩Source has 'the first' without 'shewing'; supplied 'showing' from the parallel 'sixteenth shewing' later in the same sentence.
  14. 14 ↩ME 'likeyng' rendered as 'delight' (divine pleasure/good pleasure). 'entendyng' rendered as 'attention' (intentional focus). 'loris' rendered as 'teachings' (lore).
  15. 15 ↩Kept Julian's technical term 'substance' (higher created being knit to God), not paraphrased as 'essence' or 'nature'.

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