CHAPITRE XXIII.
The Necessity of Interior Prayer
The author argues that the root of moral decay and heresy is the neglect of interior prayer, urging pastors to lead souls to the heart rather than to external methods.
1. 2. The ineffectiveness of preaching, along with vices, errors, heresies, and every kind of evil, stems from this: people aren't trained in the prayer of the heart. 3. 4. 5. Although this way is the safest, the most suited even to the simple, and the easiest. 6. 7. 8. Exhortations to pastors to set souls on this way, without distracting them with studied prayers and methodical love.1 1. If all those who labor to win souls tried to win them THROUGH THE HEART, putting them first into prayer and into the interior life, they would make conversions without number, and lasting ones. But as long as we approach this only from the outside—loading people with a thousand outward rules instead of drawing souls to Jesus Christ by occupying their hearts with him—very little fruit is produced, and it doesn't last. If local parish priests had the zeal to instruct their parishioners this way, shepherds watching their flocks would have the spirit of the ancient anchorites; plowmen guiding their plows would converse happily with God; laborers wearing themselves out with work would gather eternal fruit from it; all vices would be banished in a short time, and their parishioners would all become spiritual.2 2. Ah, once the heart is won, everything else is easily set right! That is why God asks primarily for the heart. By this one means, we would cut away the drunkenness, blasphemies, unchastity, enmities, and thefts that commonly reign among country people. Jesus Christ would reign peacefully everywhere, and the face of the Church would be renewed in every place. Heresies entered the world because the interior life was lost. If the interior life were restored, they would soon be destroyed. Error only takes hold of souls when faith and prayer are lacking. If we taught our brothers who have gone astray to believe simply and to practice prayer, rather than arguing with them so much, we would gently bring them back to God.3 O inestimable losses — those that come from neglecting the interior life! And what an account those charged with souls will have to give to God for failing to reveal this hidden treasure to everyone they serve through the ministry of the word!✦
The Simplicity of the Way
The author defends the accessibility of the interior path for the simple and unlearned, citing scripture to show that God favors the humble.
3. People excuse themselves by saying that this path is dangerous, or that simple people aren't capable of spiritual things. The Oracle of truth assures us of the contrary: (a) the Lord, it says, sets his affection on those who walk simply.✦ (a) Prov.✦ 12.✦ v. 22.✦ But what danger could there be in walking the one path, which is Jesus Christ—giving yourself to him, keeping your eyes on him constantly, putting all your trust in his grace, and reaching with all your strength toward his purest love?✦ 4. Far from the simple being incapable of this perfection, they are even better suited to it: because they are more teachable, more humble, and more innocent; and because, not reasoning, they are not so attached to their own lights.4 Moreover, because they lack formal learning, they let themselves be moved more easily by the Spirit of God, whereas others, hampered and blinded by their own self-sufficiency, resist divine inspiration much more. That is why God declares to us that it is to the little ones (b) that he gives understanding of his Law: he also assures us that he loves (c) to converse familiarly with the simple. (d) The Lord preserves the simple: I was brought to the last extremity, and he saved me.5 Let the fathers of souls take care not to keep the little children from going to Jesus Christ.6 (e) Let these little children come, he says to his Apostles, for the kingdom of heaven belongs to them.7 Jesus Christ said this to his Apostles only because they wanted to keep the children from going to him. (b) Psalm 118 verse 130 (c) Prov. 3. v. 32. (d) Ps. 114. v. 6. (e) Matt. 19. v. 14.
The Heart as the Seat of Reform
True reform of the individual and the Church occurs only when the heart is engaged, and pastors are called to facilitate this transformation.
5. People often try to treat the body when the illness is actually in the heart. The reason we have so little success in reforming people—especially those who work—is that we approach them from the outside, and whatever we manage to do there disappears almost immediately. But if they were first given the key to the interior, the outside would then reform itself with a completely natural ease. Now, this is very easy. To teach them to seek God in their heart, to think of him, to return there when they find themselves distracted, to do everything and suffer everything with the intention of pleasing him: this is to set them at the source of all graces, and to make them find there everything they need for their sanctification. 6. You are solemnly charged, all of you who serve souls, to set them immediately on this way, which is Jesus Christ; and it is He who charges you to do it, by all the Blood He has shed for these souls He has entrusted to you. (a) Speak to the heart of Jerusalem. O dispensers of his graces! O preachers of His word! O ministers of His Sacraments! Establish His Kingdom; and to establish it truly, make Him reign over hearts! For since it is the heart alone that can oppose His empire, it is by the subjection of the heart that His sovereignty is most honored. (b) Give glory to the holiness of God, and He will become your Sanctification. Prepare particular catechisms to teach how to pray; not by reasoning, nor by method, simple people not being capable of that; but a prayer of the Heart, and not of the head; a prayer of the Spirit of God, and not of human invention. (a) Isa. 40. v. 2. (b) Isa.8 8. v. 13. 14.
The Language of Love
The author encourages believers to abandon polished, studied prayers in favor of the natural, heartfelt language of love, which is the true essence of prayer.
7. Alas! People want to make studied prayers; and by wanting to polish them too much, they make them impossible. They’ve kept children away from the best of all fathers by trying to teach them language that’s too polished. Go, poor children, speak to your heavenly Father in your natural language: however barbarous and crude it may be, it is not so to him. A father would rather have a speech that love and respect throw into disorder—because he sees it comes from the heart—than a dry, vain, and barren oration, no matter how well studied. Oh, how certain glances of love charm him and carry him away!9 They express infinitely more than all language and all reasoning. 8. By trying to learn, through method, how to love Love itself, people have lost a great deal of that very love.10 Oh, how unnecessary it is to learn an art of loving!11 The language of love is barbarous to the one who does not love; but it is perfectly natural to the one who loves; and we never learn better to love God than by loving him. In this craft the coarsest often become the most skilled, because they go at it more simply and more from the heart. The Spirit of God has no need of our refinements; he takes shepherds, when it pleases him, to make prophets of them: and far from shutting the palace of Prayer to anyone, as people imagine, he leaves all its doors open to everyone, on the contrary, and Wisdom is ordered to cry out in the public squares: (a) Whoever is simple, let him come to me: and she has said to the foolish, Come, eat the bread I give you, and drink the wine I have prepared for you. Does not Jesus Christ thank His Father (b) for having hidden His secrets from the wise and revealed them to the little ones? (a) Prov. 9. v. 45.12 (b) Matt. 11.✦ v. 25.✦
Read the original French
1. 2. La stérilité des Prédications, les vices, l’erreur, les hérésies, & toutes sortes de maux viennent de ce qu’on ne dresse pas les peuples à l’Oraison du Cœur :
3. 4. 5. Quoique cette voie soit la plus sûre, la plus propre aux simples mêmes, & la plus facile.
6. 7. 8. Exhortations aux Pasteurs à y mettre les ames, sans les amuser d’Oraisons étudiées & d’amour méthodique.
1. SI tous ceux qui travaillent à la conquête des ames, tâchoient de les gagner PAR LE CŒUR, les mettant d’abord en Oraison & en vie intérieure, ils feroient des conversions infinies, & durables. Mais tant que l’on ne s’y prend que par le déhors, & qu’au lieu d’attirer les ames à Jésus-Christ, par l’occupation du cœur en lui, on les charge seulement de mille préceptes pour les exercices extérieurs ; il ne se fait que très-peu de fruit, & il ne dure pas.
Si les Curés de la campagne avoient le zèle d’instruire de cette sorte leurs paroissiens, les bergers en gardant leurs troupeaux auroient l’esprit des anciens Anacoretes ; & les laboureurs en conduisant le soc de leur charrue, s’entretiendroient heureusement avec Dieu : les manœuvres qui se consument de travail, en recueilliroient des fruits éternels : tous les vices seroient bannis en peu de tems, & tous leurs paroissiens deviendroient spirituels.
2. Ah, quand le CŒUR est gagné, tout le reste se corrige aisément ! C’est pourquoi Dieu demande principalement le CŒUR. On retrancheroit par ce seul moyen les ivrogneries, les blasphêmes, les impudicités, les inimitiés, les larcins, qui régnent ordinairement parmi les gens de la campagne. JESUS-CHRIST régneroit paisiblement par tout ; & la face de l’Eglise se renouvelleroit en tout lieu.
Les Hérésies sont entrées dans le monde par la perte de l’intérieur. Si l’intérieur étoit rétabli, elles seroient bientôt ruinées. L’erreur ne s’empare des ames que par le manquement de foi & de priere. Si on apprenoit à nos freres égarés à croire simplement, & à faire ORAISON, au lieu de disputer beaucoup avec eux, on les rameneroit doucement à Dieu.
O pertes inestimables, que celles qui se font en négligeant l’intérieur ! O quel compte les personnes qui sont chargées des ames n’auront-ils pas à rendre à Dieu, pour n’avoir pas découvert ce trésor caché, à tous ceux qu’ils servent par le ministere de la parole !
3. On s’excuse sur ce que l’on dit, qu’il y a du danger dans ce chemin, ou que les gens simples sont incapables des choses de l’esprit. L’Oracle de la vérité nous assure du contraire : (a) Le Seigneur (dit-il) met son affection en ceux qui marchent simplement.
(a) Prov. 12. v. 22.
Mais quel danger peut-il y avoir à marcher dans l’unique voie, qui est Jésus-Christ, se donnant à lui, le regardant sans cesse, mettant toute sa confiance en sa grace, & tendant de toutes nos forces à son plus pur amour ?
4. Loin que les simples soient incapables de cette perfection, ils y sont mêmes plus propres : parce qu’ils sont plus dociles, plus humbles, & plus innocens ; & que ne raisonnant pas, ils ne sont pas tant attachés à leurs propres lumieres. Etant de plus sans science, ils se laissent mouvoir plus aisément à l’Esprit de Dieu : au lieu que les autres, qui sont gênés & aveuglés par leur propre suffisance, résistent beaucoup plus à l’inspiration divine.
Aussi Dieu nous déclare, que (b) c’est aux petits qu’il donne l’intelligence de sa Loi : Il nous assure encore qu’il aime à (c) converser familierement avec les simples. (d) Le Seigneur garde les simples : j’étois réduit à l’extrémité, & il m’a sauvé. Que les peres des ames prennent garde de ne pas empêcher les petits enfans d’aller à Jésus-Christ. (e) Laissez venir, dit-il, à ses Apôtres, ces petits enfans, car c’est à eux qu’appartient le Royaume des Cieux. Jésus-Christ ne dit cela à ses Apôtres, que parce qu’ils vouloient empêcher les enfans d’aller à lui.
(b) Ps. 118. v. 130.
(c) Prov. 3. v. 32.
(d) Ps. 114. v. 6.
(e) Matth. 19. v. 14.
5. Souvent on applique le remede au corps, & le mal est au CŒUR. La cause pour laquelle on réussit si peu à réformer les hommes, sur-tout les gens de travail, c’est que l’on s’y prend par le déhors, & que tout ce que l’on y peut faire passe aussitôt. Mais si on leur donnoit d’abord la clef de l’intérieur, le déhors se réformeroit ensuite avec une facilité toute naturelle.
Or cela est très-aisé. Leur apprendre à chercher Dieu dans leur cœur, à penser à lui, à y retourner s’en trouvant distraits, à tout faire & tout souffrir à dessein de lui plaire ; c’est les appliquer à la source de toutes les graces, & leur y faire trouver tout ce qui est nécessaire pour leur sanctification.
6. Vous êtes conjurés, ô vous tous qui servez les ames, de les mettre d’abord dans cette voie, qui est Jésus-Christ ; & c’est lui qui vous en conjure par tout le Sang qu’il a répandu pour ces ames qu’il vous a confiées. (a) Parlez au cœur de Jérusalem. O dispensateurs de ses graces ! O Prédicateurs de sa parole ! O Ministres de ses Sacremens ! établissez son Royaume ; & pour l’établir véritablement, faites-le REGNER SUR LES CŒURS ! Car comme c’est le cœur seul, qui peut s’opposer à son empire, c’est par l’assujettissement du cœur, que l’on honore le plus sa Souveraineté.
(b) Rendez gloire à la sainteté de Dieu, & il deviendra votre Sanctification. Faites des Catéchismes particuliers pour enseigner à faire Oraison ; non par raisonnement, ni par méthode, les gens simples n’en étant pas capables ; mais une Oraison de Cœur, & non de tête ; une Oraison de l’Esprit de Dieu, & non de l’invention de l’homme.
(a) Isa. 40. v. 2.
(b) Is. 8. v. 13. 14.
7. Hélas ! on veut faire des Oraisons étudiées ; & pour les vouloir trop ajuster, on les rend impossibles. On a écarté les enfans du meilleur de tous les peres pour avoir voulu leur apprendre un langage trop poli. Allez, pauvres enfans, parler à votre Pere céleste avec votre langage naturel : quelque barbare & grossier qu’il soit, il ne l’est point pour lui. Un pere aime mieux un discours que l’amour & le respect met en désordre, parce qu’il voit que cela part du cœur ; qu’une harangue séche, vaine & stérile, quoique bien étudiée. O que de certaines œillades d’amour le charment & le ravissent ! Elles expriment infiniment plus que tout langage & tout raisonnement.
8. Pour avoir voulu apprendre à aimer avec méthode l’Amour même, on a beaucoup perdu de ce même amour. O qu’il n’est pas nécessaire d’apprendre un art d’aimer ? Le langage d’amour est barbare à celui qui n’aime pas ; mais il est très-naturel à celui qui aime ; & on n’apprend jamais mieux à aimer Dieu qu’en l’aimant. En ce métier souvent les plus grossiers deviennent les plus habiles ; parce qu’ils y vont plus simplement, & plus cordialement. L’Esprit de Dieu n’a pas besoin de nos ajustemens, il prend quand il lui plaît des bergers pour en faire des Prophêtes : & bien loin de fermer le palais de l’Oraison à quelqu’un, comme on se l’imagine, il en laisse au contraire toutes les portes ouvertes à tous, & la Sagesse a ordre de crier dans les places publiques : (a) Quiconque est simple, vienne à moi : & elle a dit aux insensés, Venez, mangez le pain que je vous donne, & buvez le vin, que je vous ai préparé. Jésus-Christ ne remercie-t’il pas son Pere (b) de ce qu’il a caché ses secrets aux Sages, & les a révélés aux petits ?
(a) Prov. 9. v. 45.
(b) Matth. 11. v. 25.
Scripture echoes
- ↩Matt.13.44 — The kingdom of heaven is like a treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and hid again; and in his joy he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.
- ↩Prov.12.22 — Lying lips are an abomination to the LORD, but those who act faithfully are his delight.
- ↩Prov.12.22 — Lying lips are an abomination to the LORD, but those who act faithfully are his delight.
- ↩Prov.12.22 — Lying lips are an abomination to the LORD, but those who act faithfully are his delight.
- ↩Prov.12.22 — Lying lips are an abomination to the LORD, but those who act faithfully are his delight.
- ↩John.14.6 — Jesus said to him, 'I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.'
- ↩Matt.11.25 — At that time Jesus answered and said, 'I praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, for you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and have revealed them to infants.'
- ↩Matt.11.25 — At that time Jesus answered and said, 'I praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, for you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and have revealed them to infants.'
Notes
- 1 ↩amuser here has the older sense of occupying or distracting with trifles, not mere amusement.
- 2 ↩Source Anacoretes rendered as anchorites.
- 3 ↩Capitalized ORAISON is Guyon's technical term for interior prayer; rendered here as "practice prayer" to keep the book's own vocabulary in plain English.
- 4 ↩"leurs propres lumieres" kept as "their own lights," the interior-life idiom for self-sourced insight rather than mere intelligence.
- 5 ↩garde can mean keeps, guards, or preserves; preserves matches the psalm’s protective sense without flattening it to mere custody.
- 6 ↩pères des âmes is the older pastoral title for confessors and spiritual directors, not merely natural fathers.
- 7 ↩The French inserts à ses Apôtres after dit-il; the next sentence confirms the words are spoken to the Apostles, not that the children are being sent to them.
- 8 ↩Source abbreviation Is. is Isaiah, matching the neighboring Isa. citation form.
- 9 ↩œillades d’amour are loving glances; le refers to the father just named.
- 10 ↩l’Amour même is Love itself, i.e. God as Love.
- 11 ↩The source ends with a question mark, but O que here is an exclamation, not a real inquiry.
- 12 ↩The source prints 45, but Proverbs 9 has no verse 45; the quoted words match Proverbs 9:4–5, so 45 is likely a compressed 4, 5.
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