SR
Chapter 16OracMed.1.16

El lunes en la noche

The Foundation of Self-Knowledge

The reader is invited to begin the path of humility by examining the multitude of past and present sins.

This day you will apply yourself to knowledge of yourself and to the memory of your sins, which is the path by which true humility of heart and penitence are reached; these are the first two gates and foundations of the Christian life.1 To begin, reflect on the multitude of sins in your past life—especially those you committed when you knew God least. Because if you look at it carefully, you'll find they have multiplied more than the hairs of your head, and that in those days you lived like a Gentile who doesn't know what God is. Run briefly through the Ten Commandments and the seven deadly sins, and you’ll see there isn’t one of them you haven't fallen into many times by deed, word, or thought.2 The first man committed the greatest of the world's sins by eating from one single forbidden tree; yet you have set your eyes and hands on them all countless times.3 Also go through all God's gifts and the seasons of your past life, and look at how you've used them; for if you must give an account of them all, it's right that you take that account yourself first and enter into judgment with yourself, so you won't be judged afterward by God. So what will you answer on that day of reckoning, when God says to you: "Give me an account of your stewardship and of the estate I entrusted to you, because I no longer want you managing it"? O dry tree, ready for eternal torments! What will you answer on that day, when they demand an account of the whole time of your life and of every point and moment of it?4 Second, think about the sins you've committed and still commit every day, even after you opened your eyes more fully to the knowledge of God, and you'll find that Adam still lives in you with many of the old roots and habits. To do this, review the negligences and faults you fall into daily toward God, toward your neighbor, and toward yourself; for in everything you'll find yourself deeply defective.

The Gravity of Our Offenses

A deeper reflection on the nature of sin, considering against whom we have sinned and the ingratitude shown toward God's mercy.

Third, once you've considered the sheer number of your sins in this order, consider next how serious they are, so you can see how your misery has grown on every side. To do this, you should first consider these three circumstances regarding the sins of your past life: against whom you sinned, why you sinned, and how you sinned. If you look at against whom you sinned, you'll find that you sinned against God, whose goodness and majesty are infinite, and whose gifts and mercies toward humankind surpass the sands of the sea; in him alone are found all the excellences and every claim and obligation we have toward all creatures, raised to the highest degree of obligation.5 But for what reason did you sin? For a scrap of honor, for a beastly pleasure, for a tiny bit of profit, and for other empty things; of this He complains bitterly through a prophet, saying: They dishonored Me in the presence of My people for a handful of barley and a scrap of bread.6 But in what manner did you sin? With such ease, such boldness, so free of scruple, so free of fear, and at times with such satisfaction and joy, as if you were sinning against a wooden idol that neither knows nor sees what happens in the world. So, was this the honor owed to such a high Majesty? Is this the gratitude you offer for so many blessings? Is this how you repay that precious blood poured out on the cross, and those scourges and blows he took for you? How wretched you are for what you've lost—and even more for what you've done—and far, far more if, even with all this, you still don't feel your ruin!7 Consider also the dreadful hatred God has for sin, and the great punishments he has inflicted against it, so that by this you may understand more clearly how great its malice is, as will be set out further on.

The Path of Holy Contempt

The soul is encouraged to embrace a spirit of holy self-contempt and to cry out to God for mercy like a repentant sinner.

So then, having considered all these things said above, think of yourself as lowly as you possibly can. Consider yourself nothing more than a reed that shifts with every wind—without weight, without virtue, without firmness, without stability, and without any real substance of being.8 Think of yourself as a Lazarus four days dead—a stinking, abominable body full of worms—so that everyone who passes by covers their nose and eyes to avoid seeing it. Let it seem to you that this is how you stink before God and his angels, and hold yourself unworthy to lift your eyes to heaven, unworthy for the earth to sustain you, for creatures to serve you, for the very bread you eat, and for the light and air you receive. And if you're unworthy of these things, see how much more unworthy you are to speak with God—and far more still of the consolations of the Holy Spirit, and of the gifts and the care given to the children of God.9 Count yourself one of the poorest and most miserable creatures in the world, and one who makes the worst use of all God's gifts. And think that if in Tyre and Sidon—that is, in other very great sinners—God had done the works he has done in you, they would have already done penance in sackcloth and ashes. Know that you're far worse than you can imagine, and that however deep you dig into this mire—and you still haven't reached the bottom—every day you'll find more to dig into.10 Cry out to God and say to him, "Lord, I have nothing, I am worth nothing, I am nothing, and I can do nothing without you." Throw yourself down with that public sinner at the Savior's feet, and, your face covered in shame—with the shame a woman would feel before her husband if she had betrayed him—present yourself before that heavenly Bridegroom against whom you have committed so many and such shameful adulteries, and with deep sorrow and repentance of heart ask him to forgive your faults, and that by his infinite pity and mercy he would be willing to take you back into his house.11

Outline of the Treatise

A summary index of the themes covered in the meditation.

FIRST TREATISE: On the consideration of sins. I. On the many sins from your past life. II. On the sins and flaws a person may have fallen into after coming to know God. III. On the accusation of your own conscience, and on hating and despising yourself.

Read the original Latin

Este día entenderás en el conocimiento de ti mismo y en la memoria de los pecados, que es el camino por donde se alcanza la verdadera humildad de corazón y la penitencia; que son las dos primeras puertas y fundamentos de la vida cristiana.

Para esto debes primero pensar en la muchedumbre de los pecados de la vida pasada; especialmente en aquellos que hiciste en el tiempo que menos conocías a Dios. Porque, si lo sabes bien mirar, hallarás que se han multiplicado sobre los cabellos de tu cabeza, y que viviste en aquel tiempo como un gentil que no sabe qué cosa es Dios. Discurre, pues, brevemente por los diez Mandamientos y por los siete pecados mortales, y verás que ninguno dellos hay en que por ventura no hayas caído muchas veces por obra, o por palabra, o por pensamiento. De un solo árbol vedado comió aquel primer hombre, cuando hizo el mayor de los pecados del mundo; y tú, en todos has puesto los ojos y las manos infinitas veces.

Discurre otrosí por todos los beneficios divinos, y por los tiempos de la vida pasada, y mira en qué los has empleado; porque, si de todos ellos has de dar cuenta, es bien que tú te la tomes primero y entres en juicio contigo, porque no seas después juzgado por Dios. Pues ¿qué responderás en aquel día de la cuenta, cuando Dios te diga: «Dame cuenta de tu mayordomía y de la hacienda que te entregué, porque ya no quiero que trates más en ella»? ¡Oh árbol seco y aparejado para los tormentos eternos! , ¿qué responderás en aquel día, cuando te pidan cuenta de todo el tiempo de tu vida y de todos los puntos y momentos della?

Lo segundo, piensa en los pecados que has hecho y haces cada día, después que abriste más los ojos al conocimiento de Dios, y hallarás que todavía vive en ti Adán con muchas de las raíces y costumbres antiguas. Para lo cual puedes discurrir por las negligencias y faltas en que cada día caes para con Dios, y para con el prójimo, y para contigo mismo; que en todo te hallarás muy defectuoso.

Lo tercero, considerada ya por esta orden la muchedumbre de tus pecados, considera luego la gravedad dellos; para que veas cómo por todas partes es crecida tu miseria. Para lo cual debes primeramente considerar estas tres circunstancias en los pecados de la vida pasada, conviene saber: contra quién pecaste, por qué pecaste y en qué manera pecaste. Si miras contra quién pecaste, hallarás que pecaste contra Dios, cuya bondad y majestad es infinita, y cuyos beneficios y misericordias para con el hombre sobrepujan las arenas de la mar; en quien solo se hallan todas las excelencias y todos los títulos y obligaciones que tenemos a todas las criaturas, en sumo grado de obligación. Mas ¿por qué causa pecaste? Por un punto de honra, por un deleite de bestias, por un cabello de interese y por otras cosas de aire; desto se queja él gravemente por un Profeta, diciendo: Deshonrábanme en presencia de mi pueblo por un puñado de cebada y por un mendruguillo de pan. Mas ¿en qué manera pecaste? Con tanta facilidad, con tanto atrevimiento, tan sin escrúpulo, tan sin temor, y a veces con tanto contentamiento y alegría, como si pecases contra un dios de palo, que ni sabe ni ve lo que pasa en el mundo. Pues ¿ésta era la honra que se debía a tan alta Majestad?

¿Este es el agradecimiento de tantos beneficios? ¿Así se paga aquella sangre preciosa que se derramó en la cruz, y aquellos azotes y bofetadas que se recibieron por ti? ¡Oh miserable de ti por lo que perdiste, y mucho más por lo que hiciste, y muy mucho más si con todo esto no sientes tu perdición!

Considera también el aborrecimiento espantoso que Dios tiene del pecado y los castigos tan grandes que tiene hechos contra él: para que por aquí entiendas más claro cuánta sea la malicia dél, según que adelante se declara.

Pues, consideradas todas estas cosas susodichas, siente de ti lo más bajamente que sea posible. Piensa que no eres más que una cañavera que se muda a todos los vientos, sin peso, sin virtud, sin firmeza, sin estabilidad y sin ninguna manera de ser. Piensa que eres un Lázaro de cuatro días muerto, y un cuerpo hediendo y abominable, lleno de gusanos, que todos cuantos pasan se tapan las narices y los ojos por no lo ver. Parézcate que desta manera hiedes delante de Dios y de sus ángeles, y tente por indigno de alzar los ojos al cielo y de que te sustente la tierra, y de que te sirvan las criaturas, y del mismo pan que comes, y de la luz y aire que recibes. Y, si desto eres indigno, mira cuánto más lo serás de hablar con Dios, y mucho más de las consolaciones del Espíritu Santo, y de los regalos y tratamientos de los hijos de Dios. Tente por una de las más pobres y miserables criaturas del mundo, y que peor usa de todos los beneficios divinos. Y piensa que, si en Tiro y Sidón, esto es, en otros muy grandes pecadores, hubiera Dios obrado lo que en ti, que ya hubieran hecho penitencia en cilicio y en ceniza. Conoce que eres muy más malo de lo que tú puedes imaginar, y que por mucho que ahondes en este cieno, y no hayas llegado ya al cabo, cada día hallarás más en que ahondar.

Da voces a Dios, y dile: «Señor, nada tengo, nada valgo y nada soy, y nada puedo hacer sin ti». Derríbate con aquella pública pecadora a los pies del Salvador, y, cubierta tu cara de confusión, con aquella vergüenza que parecería una mujer delante de su marido cuando le hubiese hecho traición, te presenta delante de aquel Esposo del cielo contra quien has cometido tantos y tan vergonzosos adulterios, y con mucho dolor y arrepentimiento de tu corazón pídele perdón de tus yerros, y que por su infinita piedad y misericordia haya por bien de volverte a recibir en su casa.

TRATADO PRIMERO: De la consideración de los pecados. I. De la muchedumbre de los pecados de la vida pasada. II. De los pecados y defectos en que el hombre puede haber caído después de haber conocido a Dios. III. De la acusación de la propia conciencia, y del aborrecimiento y desprecio de sí mesmo.

Scripture echoes

  1. 1Pet.1.19but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot

Notes

  1. 1Older Spanish 'entender en' means to occupy yourself with / apply yourself to a subject, not merely 'understand in'.
  2. 2«por ventura» can mean 'perhaps' or 'as it happens'; rendered as 'may' to keep the soft possibility without sounding archaic.
  3. 3«en todos» points back to the Commandments and deadly sins just named (or, more broadly, all forbidden goods); the contrast is one forbidden tree vs. the reader's repeated trespass of every kind.
  4. 4Source opens with a leading comma, a sentence-split artifact continuing the vocative of s3; sense rendered as a free-standing question.
  5. 5Spanish títulos y obligaciones names the many grounds of duty we already owe creatures (benefactors, parents, rulers, etc.); Granada says those same titles meet in God alone, and in the highest degree.
  6. 6por un cabello de interese keeps the hyperbolic 'hair's worth' of gain/interest; por un punto de honra is a mere scrap or bit of honor, not formal 'point of honor' in the duel sense.
  7. 7Spanish 'perdición' carries both moral ruin and eternal lostness; rendered 'ruin' for modern readability while keeping the gravity of spiritual undoing.
  8. 8Rendered as 'without any real substance of being' to capture the ontological emptiness of 'manera de ser' (manner/kind of being), not mere personality.
  9. 9'Regalos' = favors/gifts; 'tratamientos' = the gentle handling/treatment proper to children of God. Rendered as 'gifts and the care given' rather than medical 'treatments'.
  10. 10The second 'y' carries a concessive/parenthetical force: even as you dig deep, you still have not reached the end; rendered with dashes for that force.
  11. 11"Pública pecadora" is the traditional Spanish designation for the sinful woman of Luke 7 (often conflated in medieval/early modern devotion with Mary Magdalene). Kept as "public sinner" to preserve the source image without forcing an identification the Spanish does not name.

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