SR
Vie et miracles de saint Louis by Guillaume de Saint-Pathus/Book 1 · La Vie de monseigneur saint Loys
Chapter 10VieStLoys.1.10

De compassion a eus decourant

The King's Compassion for the Suffering

Saint Louis demonstrates his tender heart by sacrificing his own provisions and personal safety to protect the sick and vulnerable soldiers during his crusade.

Blessed Saint Louis felt a wonderful, tender compassion for people in distress, regardless of their troubles, and he kindly lowered himself to help them. For when, at the time of his first crusade crossing, there were in his army many poor people and others sick with various illnesses of the loins, of the teeth, and other infirmities, and when the holy king saw the danger that could come from the assaults going on between the Christians and the Saracens, he ordered one of his men to go to the ships that had come up the river, in which Saint King Louis's provisions were stored, and ordered him to empty the ships and throw into the water the meats, the bacon, and the other foodstuffs that were there, and to have all the weak and sick of the army board those ships who could and would, and to keep of those provisions only enough to last his people for eight days.1 The ships were emptied, and it's believed that as many as a thousand poor and sick people were taken in. Again, at the time of that same crossing, after various assaults and after much severe hunger and hardship and after many wounds the Christians who were with the blessed king had suffered—and the blessed king was then sick with several illnesses and with a very grievous flux of the bowels—and as the Christian people were falling back toward Damietta, even the blessed king, sick as has been said, who wanted to share the misfortune and danger of his people who were coming by land, put himself in their company in order to help and support them so that they might defend themselves and keep safe from the enemy.2 The Saracens surrounded the army in great numbers and attacked so fiercely that the blessed king was forced to surrender himself and the other Christians to them. .3 And the holy king, if he had been willing to board the ship, could well have escaped, as the legate did, and as several loyal men advised and urged him; nevertheless he chose, out of love and charity, to put his body through every hardship in order to protect the people who were with him, and he feared no danger—rather he spent the labor of his body there and wanted to share his people's perils. Although the Saracens knew the weakness of the Christian army and the Christians knew the strength of the Saracen army, the blessed king was of such great compassion that he never wanted to escape by boarding the ships without the others; rather he said that he had brought his knighthood with him and wanted to bring them home with him if he could, or else be taken and die with them.4

Sacrifice for the Captive

The King refuses to prioritize his own ransom or freedom, insisting that he will only be released when all his fellow captives are also set free.

In this act, and in those before it, one could see the great strength and the great charity he possessed to help the Christian people however he could. Afterward, when the blessed king was taken by the Saracens, and many men of high rank with him, and he heard that some rich Christians who had been taken with him were arranging and working to get themselves freed by ransom, the holy king strictly forbade them, under a very heavy penalty, to do it, so that the poor would not be hindered from being set free because of it.5 He explained that if they did that, the rich would be set free, while the poor, having nothing to pay, would remain in prison.6 "Leave the entire matter of your release to me. I don't want anyone paying for their own freedom; I intend to take on the cost of the ransom for everyone using my own funds. I promise I won't strike a bargain for my own release unless it includes everyone who came with me."7 And just as the holy king said it, he kept his word; and that came from great courtesy, great loyalty, great generosity, and great charity. After terms were negotiated between the king—representing himself and the Christians—and the Saracens, who had just killed their Sultan and were still stained with his blood, an agreement was reached. The Saracens, wanting security for the remaining ransom, gave the king a choice: he could be set free while the others remained in prison, or the others could be set free while he remained in prison until the ransom was paid in full.8 And then he answered at once: "I want to stay and wait until the payment is finished and the others are set free," even though the great men who were with him told him they would not consent to it in any way, and they also said they were staying so that he would leave. Even so, the blessed king would never agree to it, no matter what they said; instead he contradicted them and wanted to stay for the others in his own person.9 And after the blessed king and those who were with him had been set free, and my lord Alphonse, count of Poitiers, his brother, had been left as a hostage to complete the said payment, the blessed king would never leave the galley until the payment was finished and he had my lord Alphonse, his brother, back with him again, and until all the nearby Christian prisoners—that is, those who had not been taken to Babylon—had been set free, and until those who were in Damietta had been taken back onto the ships.10

The King's Care for the Vulnerable

Whether facing shipwreck or the needs of a single servant, Saint Louis consistently chooses the well-being of others over his own comfort and security.

Again, at the time of this voyage, when the blessed king had resolved to return to France, as it pleased God, after the following Easter, he, the queen, his children, and several others of his household entered a ship on the eve of Saint Mark; and when the sailors of that ship had come by sea nearly as far as Cyprus,11 one night, shortly before daybreak, the ship struck a hard gravel bank.12 And when those who were on board felt it, they were afraid the ship would be smashed. After the sailors inspected the ship to see if it had broken apart, they told the holy king that a good three fathoms of the keel had been torn away.13 For that reason the blessed king took counsel of the sailors and of the others who were on the ship about what it would be good to do about this; and all of them, both sailors and others, said according to their judgment that it would be a good thing for the holy king, his queen, his children, and the other great men who were with him to leave that ship and go into another ship that was sound and whole.14 And even though all his counselors who were there, and the sailors too, advised him to leave that ship and board another, he still would not do it. Instead he said that the people who would be left in the ship he was supposed to board—those he would put off it—would remain in great danger; for they would lose their ship, and once the blessed king had left the ship and refused it, they would be afraid to go aboard it and would not want to enter it to escape the very same peril from which the holy king15 would escape—and so they would have to stay on the island of Cyprus that summer, and there, as it might turn out, die or live in great want.16 For that reason he would never board another ship to the harm of the others.17 Again, when Rogier de Soisi, the blessed king's cook, was brought back to Acre from captivity among the Saracens through the king's messengers, the king sent for him, and he appeared before him almost completely naked.18 The blessed king felt deep pity for him in his nakedness and immediately ordered that two sets of robes be made for him.19 And it often happened that when someone was hard-pressed or defamed by the more powerful men before the blessed20 he felt such great compassion that he stood against the powerful and took the side of the one who was less powerful. And when disputes over men who had been killed came before him, he felt deep compassion in his heart, and he often said, out of compassion, that no one stood for the dead, but everyone wanted to stand for the living.21

Read the original Latin

Li benoiet saint Loys ot ' une tendreur merveilleuse de compassion ' a mesaiesiez de quelque manière que ce fust amiablement condescendant , si com il pert/. Car comme» el tens de son premier passage fussent en son ost mont de povres et d'autres malades de diverses maladies de rains, des denz et d'autres enfermetez, quant li sainz rois vit le péril qui pooit avenir des assauz qui estoient entre les Crestiens et les Sarrazins, il commanda a un des siens que il alast as nés qui estoient venues en montant amont le flueve, es queles nés la vitaille du saint roy Loys estoit, et li commanda que il vuidast les nés et getast en l'iaue les chars, les leuns et les autres vivres qui i estoient et feist touz les febles et les malades de l'ost monter en ces nés qui pourroient et vodroient, et retenist de ces vivres tant que il peussent soufire pour sa gent seulement a viij jours. Et lors furent les nés vuidiees, et croit l'en que ilecques furent receuz bien jusques a mil povres et malades. Derechief, comme el tens du dit passage, après divers assauz et après mont de granz fains et soufrâtes et après moût de plaies que les Crestiens orent soustenues qui estoient avec le benoiet roy, et //' hcneoiz rois fiist adonques malades de pluseurs maladies et de llus de ventre moût grief, et li pueples des Crestiens s'en retournast" vers Damiete et meemes li benoiez rois einsi malades eom il est dit, qui volt estre parçonnier du meschief et du péril de son pueple qui venoit par terre, il se mist en leur conpaignie pour cause d'aidier lui et sostenir pour ce qu'il se peussent ' défendre et garder des anemis. Li Sarrazin en grant multitude l'ost avironnerent et l'assaillirent si griement que il convint le benoiet roi que il et les autres crestiens se rendissent as Sarrazins. . Et li sainz rois, se il vouslst estre entré en la nef, peust bien estre eschapé, ausi comme fist li legaz » et comme ce li fust conseillié et amonesté de pluseurs liauz' hommes; nonpourquant il volt mètre son cors pour amor et por charité a tout meschief pour garder le pueple qui estoitavecques lui, ne ne doutoit nul péril, ainçois i metoit le travail de son cors et voloit estre parçonnier des peiilz de son pueple, combien que les Sarrazins seussent la feblece de l'ost des crestiens et combien que les crestiens seussent la force de l'ost des Sarrazins, li benoiez rois fu de si grant compassion que il ne volt onques eschaper pour monter es nés sanz les autres, ainçois dist que il avoit amené sa chevalerie avec soi ' et la voloit remener avec soi J, se il pooit, on estre pris et morir avec eus.

En ce fet et es autres devant celui pot l'en veoir la grant vigueur et la grant charité qu'il ot en soi en aidier, tant com il pot, le pueple crestien. En après, quant li benoiez rois fu pris par les Sarrazins et mont de hauz hommes avecques lui et il oy que aucuns riches crestiens qui esloient pris avecques lui procuioicnt et fesoient que il fussent délivrés par rachat, li sainz rois leur defendi cstroitement et sus très grant poine (u'il lue le feisscnt que la délivrance des povres ne fust pour ce empeechiee. Car il dlst que, se c'esloit fet, que les riches seroient délivrés et les povres qui n'auroient de ({uoi paier demorroient en chartre. « Mes lessiez moi le fet et la pro« curacion de la délivrance tout sus mol; car je ne voil pas « que nul mete rien du sien pour sa délivrance et voil estre « charchié a paier du mien propre le rachat pour touz, et « promet que je ne ferai marchié de ma délivrance, se je « ne le fesoie de touz cels qui sont en ma compaignie et « qui vindrent avecques moi. » Et si comme li sainz rois le dist, il le tint; la quele chose li vint de grant cortoisie, de grant loiauté, de grant largece et de grant charité. En après ces choses", comme l'en eust tretié entre le roi d'une partie pour soi et pour les crestiens, et entre les Sarrazins qui maintenant avoient ocis le Soudan et estoient encore ensanglentez de son sanc d'autre partie, et de la délivrance du '-' roy et des crestiens covenances fussent ordenees entre les parties, les Sarrazins, qui vodrent avoir seurté por une partie du pris du rachat du benniet roi et des crestiens qui demoroit a paier, douèrent au ' rov élection le quel il voudroit miex : ou que il fust délivré et les autres demorassent en prison, ou que les autres lussent délivrés et il demorast en la prison, jusques a tant que le paiement de " la reançon ("ust parfet/.

Et adonques il respondi tantost : « Je voil demeurer pour atendre que le paiement « soit parfet et que les autres soient délivrés, » combien que li haut homme qui estoient avec lui li deissent qu'il ne le consentiroient en nule manière, et disoient encore que il demoroient pour ce que il s'en alast. Nonpourquant li benoiez rois ne s'i volt onques acorder pour chose que il ' deissent, ainçois leur conlredist-/ et vouloit demorer pour les autres en sa propre personne. Et puis que li benoiez rois et cil qui estoient avecques lui lurent délivrés et mes sires Allons", conte de Poitiers, son frère, lu lessié en ostage pour parfere le dit paiement, li benoiez rois ne volt onques issir de la galie jusques a tant que le paiement fu parfet et que il ot arrière par devers soi mon seigneur Alfons, sou frère, et jusques a tant que touz les Crestiens prisonniers qui estoient prochains, — ce est a savoir cens qui n'avoient pas esté menez en Babiloine, — furent délivrés et jusques a tant que cil qui estoient en Damiete furent recueilliz es nez '. 'De recJiief it tens de ce passage, comme li heneoiz rois eust en deliberacion de revenir en France, si com il plot a Dieu, après la Pasque ensievant, il, la royne, ses enfanz et pluseiirs autres de sa mesniee entrèrent ' en une nef la veille Saint Marc" et comme / les notonniers delà dite nel venissent par mer jusques près de Chypre.' , une nuit, un pou devant le jour, la nef se feri en une dure gravele. Et quant cil qui estoient dedenz le sentirent, il orent poour que la' nef ne fust froissiee. Et comme les mariniers eussent fet regarder la nef pour savoir se ele estoit depeciee, il distrent au saint roy que de' la creste desous de la nef estoient bien ostees ' iij toises 3. Pour quoi li benoiez rois ot conseil des mariniers et des auties qui estoient en la nef que-/ seroit bon a fere sus ce; et touz distrent et mariniers et autres selon leur avis que bonne chose seroit <ne li sainz rois, sa lenime et ses enfanz et les autres hauz hommes qui estoicnt avec lui descendissent de celé nef et que il entrassent en une autre nef qui fust saine et entière.

Et ja soit ce que il li fust loé de touz ses conseilliers qui ilecques estoient et des mariniers que il issist de celé nef et que il entrast en une autre, nonpourquant il ne volt pas ce fere, ainçois dist que cil qui seroient en celé nef en la quele il devroif entrer et que il en metroit hors, demorroient en grant perill; car il perdroient leur nef, et la nef de quoi li benoiez rois istroit, il douteroient a entrer dedenz, puis que il l'auroit refusée ne n'i vodroient entrer pour escliiver ce péril mecsmes de quoi li sainz rois c. schaperoit et einsi les covendroit il demourer en l'isie de Chipre cel esté, et ilecques par aventure mourir ou estre a grant soufrete. Pour la quele chose il ne volt onques entrer en autre nef eu préjudice des autres. 'De rechief, comme Rogier de Soisi, queu du benoiet roy, fust ramené en Acre de la chetivoison en la quele il avoit esté en la main des Sarrazins par les messages du benoiet roi, il l'envoia querre et il vint ausi comme tout nu devant lui. Et li benoiez rois ot moult grant pitié de lui pour ce que il estoit si nuz, de quoi il commanda tantost que l'en li feist ij père de robes. /Et mainte foiz avint que quant aucuns estoit pressé ou ditFamé des plus puissanz devant le benoiet j? roy, il avoit si grant compassion que il se tenoit contre les puissanz et estoit de la partie a celui qui estoit mains puissant. Et quant querelles venoient devant lui d'ommes ocis, il en avoit moût grant compassion au cuer, et dist mainte foiz par manière de compassion que nul n'estoit pour les mors, mes touz vouloient estre pour les vis.

Notes

  1. 1OF 'leuns' is likely 'lars' (bacon/salt pork) or loins of meat; rendered as 'bacon' from the common provision pair 'chars et lars'.
  2. 2Normalized corrupt readings: 'hcneoiz rois fiist' → 'benoiez rois fust'; 'llus de ventre' → 'flus de ventre' (dysentery); 'eom il est dit' → 'com il est dit'.
  3. 3Source sentence is only a bare period with no recoverable Old French text.
  4. 4Read 'on estre pris' as 'ou estre pris' ('or be taken'); 'vouslst' as 'vousist'; 'peiilz' as 'perils'.
  5. 5Normalized corruptions: esloient→estoient; procuioicnt→procuroient; cstroitement→estroitement; (u'il lue le feisscnt→qu'il ne le feissent.
  6. 6Normalized corruptions: dlst→dist; esloit→estoit; de ({uoi→de quoi.
  7. 7Normalized corruptions: pro« curacion→procuracion; mol→moi; charchié→chargié; quote markers cleaned.
  8. 8Normalized corruptions: benniet→benoiet; rov→roy; lussent→fussent; reançon ("ust→reançon fust; stray punctuation and quote debris removed.
  9. 9Reading source 'conlredist' as contredist ('contradicted / spoke against them').
  10. 10Source has 'Allons' / 'Alfons' and 'lurent' / 'lu lessié'; translated as Alphonse and 'were / was left'. 'Babiloine' is the crusade-era name for Cairo (Babylon of Egypt).
  11. 11Normalized heavily damaged forms: 'De recJiief' → De rechief; 'heneoiz' → benoiez; 'pluseiirs' → plusieurs; 'notonniers delà dite nel' → notonniers de la dite nef.
  12. 12Sentence begins mid-period (leading comma), continuing the temporal setting from the previous sentence.
  13. 13'creste desous de la nef' rendered as the under-keel / bottom ridge of the hull; 'iij toises' as three fathoms (medieval toise ≈ six feet).
  14. 14Normalized 'auties' → autres; 'sa lenime' → sa reine; '<ne' → que; 'estoicnt' → estoient.
  15. 15Sentence ends mid-clause in the source ('li sainz rois c.'); the continuation is supplied by s2 as eschaperoit. Rendered as an incomplete sentence boundary matching the printed split; sense completed across s1–s2.
  16. 16Begins mid-word as 'schaperoit'; read as eschaperoit, continuing s1.
  17. 17'eu préjudice' taken as 'au/en préjudice' — to the prejudice/harm of the others.
  18. 18'queu' = OF queux, 'cook' (royal kitchen officer), not a personal nickname.
  19. 19'ij père de robes' read as 'ij paire de robes' — two pairs of garments/robes.
  20. 20Corrupt print: 'ditFamé' read as 'diffamé' (defamed); sentence breaks before 'roy', continued in s7.
  21. 21'nul n'estoit pour les mors, mes touz vouloient estre pour les vis' — in homicide quarrels, advocates backed the living parties, not the slain; the king's compassion is for the unrepresented dead.

Vie et miracles de saint Louis by Guillaume de Saint-Pathus companion

A prayer for every moment, already on your phone

Chosen Portion puts a curated historic prayer in front of you each day — so the words are there before the moment arrives.

Chosen Portion is the digital descendant of the carried prayer book: the short daily prayers this collection preserves, delivered one a day to your pocket.

  • One short, memorable prayer delivered daily — build your repertoire a card at a time
  • Prayers matched to real situations: fear, gratitude, decisions, grief, sleep
  • Save favourites into your personal pocket collection you can open anywhere
Chosen Portion — Daily Prayer (free iOS app)