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Chapter 6TeresaVida.1.6

Capítulo V

A School for Suffering

Teresa recounts her novitiate year, her desire to endure pain for God, and how God answered by granting her a long and painful illness.

She continues by describing the severe illnesses she suffered, the patience the Lord gave her through them, and how He draws good out of evil, as will be seen in an incident that occurred while she was at the place where she went for a cure. I forgot to mention that during my novitiate year, I went through great unrest over things that were actually trivial. I was often blamed for things I hadn't done, and I took it with a lot of distress and imperfection, though the great joy I felt at being a nun helped me get through it all. Because they saw me seeking solitude and sometimes weeping for my sins, they assumed I was unhappy and said as much. I was fond of everything about religious life, but I didn't like enduring anything that felt like contempt.1 I took pleasure in being well thought of and was particular about everything I did. Everything seemed like virtue to me, though that won't excuse me, because in everything I did, I knew how to look after my own comfort, so my ignorance doesn't remove the fault.2 There is this much of an excuse: the monastery wasn't founded in much perfection, and being worthless myself, I followed whatever I saw that was lacking and ignored what was good.3 There was a nun then suffering from a very grave and painful illness, as openings had formed in her abdomen from obstructions, through which she expelled what she ate; she soon died from it.4 I saw that all the others feared that illness, but her patience filled me with deep envy. I asked God that, by giving me that same patience, He would grant me whatever illnesses He was pleased to send.5 I don't think I feared any of them, because I was so focused on gaining eternal goods that I was determined to win them by any means. And I'm astonished, because I still didn't have—or so it seemed to me—the love for God that I felt I had after I began to practice prayer. It was only a light that made everything fleeting seem of little worth, and made the eternal goods that can be gained through it seem of great value.6 His Majesty heard me in this as well, for before two years had passed, I was in such a state that, although it wasn't an illness of that kind, I believe the one I suffered for three years was no less painful and laborious, as I'll now explain.

The Danger of Lax Direction

During her cure, Teresa meets a confessor trapped in a sinful relationship; she learns of his ruin and the harmful effects of half-learned spiritual guides.

When the time I had been waiting for arrived—I was staying with my sister at the place I mentioned to receive treatment—my father, my sister, and the nun who had left with me took me there, making sure I was comfortable because she had such great love for me. It was there that the devil began to unsettle my soul, though God brought a great deal of good out of it. A clergyman lived in the town where I went for treatment; he was a man of good standing and intelligence, though he didn't have much formal learning.7 I began going to confession to him because I had always valued learning. However, confessors with only partial knowledge had caused great harm to my soul, simply because I couldn't find ones as well-educated as I would have liked. I've learned from experience that if confessors are virtuous and live holy lives, it's better for them to have no learning at all than just a little. They won't trust their own judgment without consulting someone who is truly learned, and I wouldn't trust them otherwise—but a truly learned man never deceived me.8 These others didn't intend to deceive me; they just didn't know any better. I assumed they did, and I thought I only had to believe them, especially since their advice was lax and gave me more freedom. If they had been strict, I am so wretched that I would have just looked for someone else.9 They told me that what was actually a venial sin was no sin at all. And they said that what was a most serious mortal sin was only venial.10 This did me so much harm that it's only right I say so here, as a warning to other women of so great an evil—though before God I can see clearly that it's no excuse for me, since it was enough that these things were by their nature not good for me to keep myself from them.11 I believe that because of my sins God allowed them to be deceived and to deceive me; I deceived quite a few other women by telling them the same thing they had told me.12 I stayed in this blindness for more than seventeen years, I believe, until a Dominican father—a highly learned man—undeceived me about some things, and the men of the Society of Jesus made me so thoroughly afraid, pressing on me how grievous such bad beginnings were, as I'll tell later.13 Well then, when I began to confess to this man I'm speaking of, he became very attached to me, because at that time I had little to confess compared to what I had later—nor had I had much after becoming a nun. This man's affection wasn't bad, but from too much affection it came to be not good. He understood about me that I would not bring myself to do anything grave against God for any reason, and he also assured me of the same about himself, and so there was a great deal of conversation.14 But in my interactions with him back then, given the absorption in God I felt, what gave me the most pleasure was talking about the things of God. Since I was so young, it bewildered him to see this, and because of the great affection he had for me, he began to tell me about his ruin—and it was no small ruin, because for almost seven years he had been in a very dangerous state, involved in an attachment and dealings with a woman from the same place, and in that condition he said Mass.15 It was so public that he had lost his honor and reputation, and no one dared speak to him against it. I felt deep pity for him, because I cared about him a great deal—and that came from my own great shallowness and blindness, since it seemed a virtue to me to be grateful and to keep faith with someone who loved me.16 Cursed be such a law, that stretches so far as to go against God's. It's a madness practiced in the world that drives me mad: we owe to God all the good done to us, and yet we count it a virtue—even if it means going against him—not to break this friendship. Oh, blindness of the world! Would that it had been Your will, Lord, that I be utterly ungrateful toward the whole world, and toward You not ungrateful by even a hair; but by my sins it has all been the other way around.17 I tried to learn more and get information from people of his household; I learned more about his ruin, and saw that the poor man was not so much to blame; because that wretched woman had put spells on him in a little copper idol, which she had begged him to wear around his neck for love of her, and no one had been able to get it off him. I don't firmly believe this business about spells is true, but I'll tell what I saw as a warning that men should guard themselves against women who want this kind of relationship; and let them believe that once such women lose their shame before God (for they are more bound than men to keep chastity), nothing that comes from them can be trusted; and that, for the sake of carrying out their will and that affection the devil puts in them, they look at nothing.1819

A Soul Set Free

Teresa helps the confessor destroy the enchanted idol, leading to his full repentance and holy death, demonstrating God's mercy and the power of virtuous friendship.

Although I've been so wretched, I never fell into anything of that kind, nor did I ever try to do harm, nor—even if I could have—would I have wanted to force anyone's will so they would care for me, because the Lord kept me from that; but if He had left me, I would have done the same evil I was doing in everything else, for there's nothing in me that can be trusted. So when I learned this, I began to show him more love: my intention was good, the deed was bad; for you shouldn't do even a little evil for the sake of doing good, however great that good may be. I spoke with him very often about God: that must have helped him, though I think what mattered more was how much he cared for me; because, to please me, he came and gave me the little idol, which I had thrown at once into a river. Once that was gone, he began, like someone waking from a deep sleep, to remember everything he had done those years, and, horrified at himself and grieving over his ruin, he came to start hating her.20 Our Lady must have helped him a great deal, for he was very devoted to her Conception, and on that day he used to keep a great feast.21 In the end he stopped seeing her altogether, and he never tired of thanking God for having given him light. Exactly a year from the first day I saw him, he died: he had already been deeply in God's service, for that great affection he had for me I never understood to be bad, though it could have been with more purity; but there were also occasions when, if he hadn't kept God very much before him, there would have been graver offenses against Him. As I've said, anything I understood to be a mortal sin I wouldn't have done then; and it seems to me that seeing this in me helped him love me. For I believe all men should be better friends to women they see inclined to virtue; and even for what they seek in this world, they ought to gain more with them this way, as I'll explain later.22 I'm certain such a man is on the path of salvation.23 He died very well, and thoroughly freed from that occasion; it seems the Lord wanted him to be saved by these means.

The Valley of the Shadow of Death

Teresa endures excruciating nerve pain, a three-month torment, a seizure, and receives Last Rites, yet is miraculously revived with the help of the Creed and the patience of Job.

I spent three months in that place under extremely difficult conditions, because the treatment was harsher than my body could bear. After two months, the medicines had nearly killed me. And the heart trouble I'd gone there to cure got much worse—sometimes it felt like sharp teeth were gripping my heart, so much so that people feared it was rabies.24 With that great loss of strength—I could eat nothing but drink, and even that with deep disgust, and I had a fever that never let up, and I was so wasted because for almost a month they'd given me a purge every day—I was so burned up that my nerves began to contract, with pains so unbearable that I couldn't get any rest day or night, and a very deep sadness.2526 With that as my gain, my father brought me back again. Doctors came to see me once more, and they all gave up on me as hopeless, saying that on top of this illness I had consumption.272829 I didn't care much about that; it was the pains that wore me out, because they were continuous from my feet to my head—nerve pains are intolerable, the doctors said, and since they were all contracting, it was certainly a fierce torment, if I hadn't lost patience through my own fault.30 I was in this severe condition no more than three months, because it seemed impossible to endure so many ills at once.31 Now I'm astonished, and I consider it a great mercy from the Lord, the patience His Majesty gave me, because it was clearly seen to come from Him. Reading the story of Job in Saint Gregory's Morals helped me greatly to have that patience; it seems the Lord prepared me beforehand with this, and with my having begun to practice prayer, so that I could bear it with such conformity to His will.32 All my conversations were with Him. I very often kept these words of Job in mind, and I would say them: "Since we receive good things from the hand of the Lord, why should we not also suffer the bad?" This, it seems, gave me strength. The feast of Our Lady of August arrived, and the torment had lasted from April until then—though the last three months were worse.33 I hurried to go to confession, for I'd always been very fond of confessing often. They thought it was fear of dying; and so as not to distress me, my father wouldn't let me.34 Oh, excessive natural love—even when it comes from so Catholic and so prudent a father (and he was very prudent; it wasn't ignorance)—could have done me great harm!3536 That night I had a seizure that left me without any sense for nearly four days. During that time they gave me the sacrament of Anointing, and every hour and every moment they thought I was dying, and they did nothing but say the Creed to me, as if I understood anything.3738 At times they took me for so dead that afterward I even found wax in my eyes.39 My father's grief at not having let me confess was great; there were many cries and prayers to God. Blessed be He who chose to hear them: for with the grave already open a day and a half in my monastery, waiting for the body there, and the funeral rites already said by one of our friars away from here, the Lord willed that I come back to myself. At once I wanted to confess.4041 I received Communion with many tears; but in my judgment they weren't accompanied by the feeling and sorrow of having only offended God—which would have been enough to save me. Given the deception I was under from those who had told me that some things weren't mortal sin—and I've certainly seen since that they were—those tears wouldn't have helped me.42 Because the pain was unbearable, I was barely conscious—though, as it seemed to me, I made a complete confession of everything I knew I had done to offend God; for among other mercies, His Majesty granted me this: that after I began receiving Communion, I never left anything unconfessed that I thought was a sin, even if it was only venial. But without a doubt, it seems to me that my salvation would have been in serious danger if I had died then—on the one hand because the confessors were so poorly educated, and on the other because I was so wretched, and for many other reasons.4344

Gratitude and Holy Fear

Teresa trembles at the thought of the danger she escaped, begs that her faults not be hidden, and praises God's mercy.

It's true—I really do feel such great terror as I come to this point, and seeing how it seems the Lord raised me back to life, that I'm almost trembling within myself. It seems to me it would have been good, O my soul, if you had looked hard at the danger from which the Lord had delivered you—and since out of love you wouldn't stop offending Him, that you would have stopped out of fear, for He could have killed you another thousand times in a more dangerous state.45 I don't think I'm adding much in saying another thousand, even if the one who ordered me to moderate the telling of my sins scolds me—and they already go along quite prettified as it is.4647 For the love of God I beg him not to cut anything from my faults, for here God's magnificence shows all the more clearly, and what He endures from a soul.48 May He be blessed forever. May it please His Majesty to consume me before I ever stop loving Him again.

Read the original Spanish

Prosigue en las grandes enfermedades que tuvo, y la paciencia que el Señor le dió en ellas, y cómo saca de los males bienes, sigun se verá en una cosa, que le acaeció en este lugar que se fué á curar.

Olvidé de decir cómo el año del noviciado pasé grandes desasosiegos con cosas que en sí tenian poco tomo, mas culpábanme sin tener culpa hartas veces; yo lo llevaba con harta pena é imperfecion, aunque con el gran contento que tenia de ser monja, todo lo pasaba. Como me vian procurar soledad y me vian llorar por mis pecados algunas veces, pensaban era descontento, y ansi lo decian. Era aficionada á todas las cosas de religion, mas no á sufrir ninguna que pareciese menosprecio. Holgábame de ser estimada, era curiosa en cuanto hacia, todo me parecia virtud; aunque esto no me será disculpa, porque para todo sabia lo que era procurar mi contento, y ansí la ignorancia no quita la culpa. Alguna tiene no estar fundado el monasterio en mucha perfecion: yo como ruin íbame á lo que via falto y dejaba lo bueno. Estaba una monja entonces enferma de grandísima enfermedad y muy penosa, porque eran unas bocas en el vientre, que se le habian hecho de opilaciones, por donde echaba lo que comia: murió presto de ello. Yo via á todas temer aquel mal; á mí hacíame gran envidia su paciencia. Pedia á Dios que dándomela ansí á mí, me diese las enfermedades que fuese servido.

Ninguna me parece temia, porque estaba tan puesta en ganar bienes eternos, que por cualquier medio me determinaba á ganarlos. Y espántome, porque aun no tenia, á mi parecer, amor á Dios, como despues que comencé á tener oracion me parecia á mí le he tenido; sino una luz de parecerme todo de poca estima lo que se acaba, y de mucho precio los bienes que se pueden ganar con ello, pues son eternos. También me oyó en esto su Majestad, que antes de dos años estaba tal, que aunque no el mal de aquella suerte, creo no fué menos penoso y trabajoso el que tres años tuve, como ahora diré.

Venido el tiempo, que estaba aguardando en el lugar que digo, que estaba con mi hermana para curarme, lleváronme, con harto cuidado de mi regalo, mi padre y hermana y aquella monja mi amiga, que había salido conmigo, que era muy mucho lo que me queria. Aquí comenzó el demonio á descomponer mi alma, aunque Dios sacó de ello harto bien. Estaba una persona de la Iglesia, que risidia en aquel lugar adonde me fuí á curar, de harto buena calidad y entendimiento: tenia letras, aunque no muchas. Yo comencéme á confesar con él, que siempre fuí amiga de letras, aunque gran daño hicieron a mi alma confesores medio letrados; porque no los tenia de tan buenas letras como quisiera. He visto por espiriencia que es mijor, siendo virtuosos y de santas costumbres, no tener ningunas, que tener pocas; porque ni ellos se fian de sí, sin preguntar á quien las tenga buenas, ni yo me fiara; y buen letrado nunca me engañó. Estotros tampoco me debian de querer engañar, sino no sabian mas: yo pensaba que sí, y que no era obligada á mas de creerlos, como era cosa ancha lo que me decian, y de mas libertad; que si fuera apretada, yo soy tan ruin que buscara otros. Lo que era pecado venial, decíanme que no era ninguno. Lo que era gravísimo mortal, que era venial.

Esto me hizo tanto daño, que no es mucho lo diga aquí, para aviso de otras de tan gran mal, que para delante de Dios bien veo no me es disculpa, que bastaban ser las cosas de su natural no buenas, para que yo me guardara de ellas. Creo permitió Dios por mis pecados ellos se engañasen, y me engañasen á mí: yo engañé á otras hartas, con decirles lo mesmo, que á mí me habian dicho.

Duré en esta ceguedad creo mas de dicisiete, hasta que un padre dominico, gran letrado, me desengafó en cosas, y los de la Compañía de Jesus del todo me hicieron tanto temer, agraviándome tan malos principios, como despues diré. Pues comenzándome á confesar con este que digo él se aficionó en extremo á mí, porque entonces tenia poco que confesar, para lo que despues tuve, ni lo habia tenido despues de monja. No fué la afecion de este mala, mas de demasiada afecion venia á no ser buena. Tenia entendido de mí que no me determinaria á hacer cosa contra Dios, que fuese grave, por ninguna cosa, y él también me aseguraba lo mesmo, y ansí era mucha la conversacion.

Mas mis tratos entonces, con el embebecimiento de Dios que traia, lo que mas gusto me daba era tratar cosas de El; y como era tan niña, hacíale confusion ver esto, y con la gran voluntad que me tenia, comenzó á declararme su perdicion; y no era poca, porque habia casi siete años que estaba en muy peligroso estado, con afecion y trato con una mujer del mesmo lugar, y con esto decia misa.

Era cosa tan pública, que tenia perdida la honra y la fama, y nadie le osaba hablar contra esto. A mí hízoseme gran lástima, porque le queria mucho, que esto tenia yo de gran liviandad y ceguedad, que me parecia virtud ser agradecida, y tener ley á quien me queria. Maldita sea tal ley, que se extiende hasta ser contra la de Dios. Es un desatino que se usa en el mundo, que me desatina; que debemos todo el bien que nos hacen á Dios, y tenemos por virtud, aunque sea ir contra él, no quebrantar esta amistad. ¡Oh ceguedad de mundo! Fuérades vos servido, Señor, que yo fuera ingratísima contra todo él, y contra vos no lo fuera un punto; mas ha sido todo al revés por mis pecados. Procuré saber é informarme mas de personas de su casa; supe mas la perdicion, y vi que el pobre no tenia tanta culpa; porque la desventurada de la mujer le tenia puestos hechizos en un idolillo de cobre, que le habia rogado le trajese por amor de ella al cuello, y este nadie habia sido poderoso de podérsele quitar. Yo no creo es verdad esto de hechizos determinadamente, mas diré esto que yo ví, para aviso de que se guarden los hombres de mujeres, que este trato quieren tener; y crean, que pues pierden la vergüenza á Dios (que ellas mas que los hombres son obligadas á tener honestidad) que ninguna cosa de ellas pueden confiar; y que, á trueco de llevar adelante su voluntad y aquella afecion, que el demonio les pone, no miran nada.

Aunque yo he sido tan ruin, en ninguna desta suerte yo no caí, ni jamás pretendí hacer mal, ni, aunque pudiera, quisiera forzar la voluntad para que me la tuvieran, porque me guardó el Señor de esto; mas si me dejara, hiciera el mal que hacia en lo demás, que de mí ninguna cosa hay que fiar. Pues como supe esto, comencé á mostrarle mas amor: mi intencion buena era, la obra mala; pues por hacer bien, por grande que sea, no habia de hacer un pequeño mal. Tratábale muy ordinario de Dios: esto debia aprovecharle, aunque mas creo le hizo al caso el quererme mucho; porque, por hacerme placer, me vino á dar el idolillo, el cual hice echar luego en un rio. Quitado esto comenzó, como quien despierta de un gran sueño, á irse acordando de todo lo que habia hecho aquellos años, y espantándose de sí, doliéndose de su perdicion, vino á comenzar á aborrecerla. Nuestra Señora le debia ayudar mucho, que era muy devoto de su Concecion, y en aquel dia hacia gran fiesta. En fin, dejó del todo de verla, y no se hartaba de dar gracias á Dios, por haberle dado luz. A cabo de un año en punto, desde el primer dia que yo le ví, murió: ya había estado muy en servicio de Dios, porque aquella aficion grande que me tenia, nunca entendí ser mala, aunque pudiera ser con mas puridad; mas también hubo ocasiones para que, si no se tuviera muy delante á Dios, hubiera ofensas suyas mas graves. Como he dicho, cosa que yo entendiera era pecado mortal, no la hiciera entonces; y paréceme que le ayudaba á tenerme amor, ver esto en mí.

Que creo todos los hombres deben deben ser mas amigos de mujeres que ven enclinadas á virtud; y aun para lo que acá pretenden, deben de ganar con ellos mas por aquí, sigun despues diré. Tengo por cierto está en carrera de salvación. Murió muy bien, y muy quitado de aquella ocasion; parece quiso el Señor que por estos medios se salvase.

Estuve en aquel lugar tres meses con grandísimos trabajos, porque la cura fué mas recia que pedia mi complexion: á los dos meses, á poder de medicinas, me tenía casi acabada la vida; y el rigor del mal de corazon, de que me fuí á curar, era mucho mas recio, que algunas veces me parecia con dientes agudos me asian de él, tanto que se temió era rabia. Con la falta grande de virtud (porque ninguna cosa podia comer, sino era bebida de gran hastío, calentura muy contina y tan gastada, porque casi un mes me habian dado una purga cada dia) estaba tan abrasada, que se comenzaron á encoger los niervos, con dolores tan incomportables, que dia ni noche ningun sosiego pidia tener, y una tristeza muy profunda. Con esta ganancia me tornó á traer mi padre, adonde tornaron á verme médicos: todos me deshauciaron, que decían, sobre todo este mal, estaba ética.

Desto se me daba á mí poco; los dolores eran los que me fatigaban, porque eran en un ser desde los pies hasta la cabeza; porque de niervos son intolerables, segun decian los médicos, y como todos se encogian, cierto si yo no lo hubiera por mi culpa perdido, era recio tormento. En esta reciedumbre no estaria mas de tres meses, que parecia imposible poderse sufrir tantos males junos. Ahora me espanto, y tengo por gran merced del Señor la paciencia que su Majestad me dió, que se veia claro venir de él. Mucho me aprovechó para tenerla haber leido la historia de Job en los Morales de San Gregorio, que parece previno el Señor con esto, y con haber comenzado á tener oracion, para que yo lo pudiese llevar con tanta conformidad. Todas mis pláticas eran con El. Traia muy ordinario estas palabras de Job en el pensamiento, y decíalas: Pues recibimos los bienes de la mano del Señor, ¿por qué no sufrirémos los males? Esto parece me ponia esfuerzo.

Vino la fiesta de Nuestra Señora de Agosto, que hasta entonces desde abril habia sido el tormento, aunque los tres pustreros meses mayor. Dí priesa á confesarme, que siempre era muy amiga de confesarme á menudo. Pensaron que era miedo de morirme; y por no me dar pena, mi padre no me dejó. ¡Oh amor de carne demasiado, que aunque sea de tan católico padre y tan avisado (que lo era harto, que no fué inorancia) me pudiera hacer gran daño! Dióme aquella noche un parajismo, que me duró estar sin ningun sentido cuatro dias, poco menos: en esto me dieron el sacramento de la Uncion, y cada hora y memento pensaban espiraba, y no hacian sino decirme el credo, como si alguna cosa entendiera. Teníanme á veces por tan muerta, que hasta la cera me hallé despues en los ojos. La pena de mi padre era grande de no me haber dejado confesar; clamores y oraciones á Dios muchas: bendito sea El, que quiso oirlas, que tiniendo dia y medio abierta la sepoltura en mi monesterio, esperando el cuerpo allá, y hechas las honras en uno de nuestros frailes, fuera del aquí, quiso el Señor tornase en mí: luego me quise confesar. Comulgué con hartas lágrimas, mas á mi parecer, que no eran con el sentimiento y pena de solo haber ofendido á Dios, que bastara para salvarme, si el engaño que traia de los que me habian dicho no eran algunas cosas pecado mortal, que cierto he visto despues lo eran, no me aprovechara.

Porque los dolores eran incomportables, con que quedé el sentido poco, aunque la confesion entera, á mi parecer, de todo lo que entendí habia ofendido á Dios; que esta merced me hizo su Majestad, entre otras, que nunca despues que comencé á colmulgar, dejé cosa por confesar, que yo pensase era pecado, aunque fuese venial, que le dejase de confesar; mas sin duda me parece que lo iba harto mi salvacion si entonces me muriera, por ser los confesores tan poco letrados por una parte, y por otra ser yo tan ruin, y por muchas.

Es verdad, cierto, que me parece estoy con tan gran espanto llegando aquí, y viendo como parece me resucitó el Señor, que estoy casi temblando entre mí. Paréceme fuera bien, oh ánima mia, que miráras del peligro que el Señor te habia librado, y ya que por amor no le dejabas de ofender, lo dejaras por temor, que pudiera otras mil veces matarte en estado mas peligroso. Creo, no añido muchas en decir otras mil, aunque me riña quien me mandó moderase el contar mis pecados, y harto hermoseados van. Por amor de Dios le pido de mis culpas no quite nada, pues se ve mas aquí la manificencia de Dios, y lo que sufre á un alma. Sea bendito para siempre: plegue á su Majestad que antes me consuma que le deje yo mas de querer.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩Spanish religion here means the ordered religious life / monastic observance, not abstract religion.
  2. 2 ↩curiosa here is rendered as careful/particular about her work and appearance, the common Golden Age sense in this context, not modern 'curious'.
  3. 3 ↩Alguna tiene is taken as 'it has some excuse / there is this much excuse,' referring to mitigation of her fault by the house's imperfect foundation.
  4. 4 ↩opilaciones is period medical language for internal obstructions; bocas en el vientre rendered as openings/fistulas in the abdomen.
  5. 5 ↩dándomela refers back to paciencia in the previous sentence: she asks for that patience along with whatever illnesses God wills.
  6. 6 ↩"con ello" most naturally points to enduring what passes away (illness/affliction) as the means of gaining eternal goods; rendered "through it."
  7. 7 ↩Source reading "risidia" treated as "residía" (resided).
  8. 8 ↩Source readings "espiriencia" and "mijor" treated as "experiencia" and "mejor".
  9. 9 ↩"cosa ancha" / "apretada": rendered as lax vs. strict moral counsel (broad vs. tight), not spatial breadth.
  10. 10 ↩Finite verb of saying is elliptical after the previous sentence; supplied "they said" from "decíanme" in s7.
  11. 11 ↩«no es mucho lo diga aquí» is rendered as «it's only right I say so here» (warranted / not excessive to say); the force is that the harm justifies naming it as a warning.
  12. 12 ↩Elliptical older Spanish: «Creo permitió Dios... ellos se engañasen» lacks an explicit «que»; sense taken as «I believe God allowed that they be deceived...»
  13. 13 ↩Source reading desengafó treated as desengañó (undeceived); dicisiete as diecisiete (seventeen years).
  14. 14 ↩él también me aseguraba lo mesmo: taken as reciprocal assurance about his own resolve not to offend God gravely, which then licensed much conversation.
  15. 15 ↩embebecimiento de Dios: rendered as “absorption in God,” Teresa’s usual sense of being rapt or engrossed in God rather than mere distraction.
  16. 16 ↩Golden Age idiom tener ley a: feel bound in loyalty/obligation toward someone; rendered as 'keep faith with'.
  17. 17 ↩Courtly/devotional optative: 'would You have been served' / 'would it have pleased You'; rendered as 'Would that it had been Your will'.
  18. 18 ↩Period sense is chastity/modesty rather than mere honesty; rendered as 'chastity'.
  19. 19 ↩Idiom: in exchange for / for the sake of.
  20. 20 ↩aborrecerla: the feminine object most naturally points to the woman of the affair (cf. s6 verla), though perdición is also feminine; rendered as hatred of her.
  21. 21 ↩Concecion = Concepción: devotion to Our Lady's Conception (the feast of the Immaculate Conception).
  22. 22 ↩Normalized duplicated 'deben deben' to a single 'deben'; read 'enclinadas' as 'inclinadas' and 'sigun' as 'según'.
  23. 23 ↩Spanish subject of 'está' is elliptical; rendered as the man who befriends women inclined to virtue (continuing s1), not the particular man already narrated as dead in 1.6.9.
  24. 24 ↩Spanish rabia can mean rage or rabies; the medical fear that the heart spasms were hydrophobia/rabies fits the biting, gripping imagery and contemporary diagnosis language.
  25. 25 ↩Here virtud is physical strength/vitality (Golden Age medical usage), not moral virtue; rendered as 'strength'.
  26. 26 ↩Orthographic variant of nervios; rendered as 'nerves' in the early-modern medical sense of sinews/nervous cords contracting.
  27. 27 ↩Ironic: 'gain' for the ruinous result of the cure; kept as irony rather than softened to 'outcome'.
  28. 28 ↩Early-modern medical ética = hectic fever / phthisical consumption (not 'ethics'); rendered 'consumption'.
  29. 29 ↩Source spelling deshauciaron for desahuciaron ('gave up as hopeless'); sense translated accordingly.
  30. 30 ↩Spanish 'lo' in 'si yo no lo hubiera por mi culpa perdido' has no explicit antecedent; rendered as 'patience' from the following sentences on patience as the Lord's gift, but it may also mean health, composure, or the right to complain.
  31. 31 ↩Source 'junos' read as 'juntos' (together/at once), a clear early-modern spelling/corruption; translated accordingly.
  32. 32 ↩'conformidad' rendered as 'conformity to His will' to preserve Teresa's sense of resigned acceptance of God's disposal, not mere agreement.
  33. 33 ↩Source reading "pustreros" treated as "postreros" (last).
  34. 34 ↩"no me dejó" understood as refused to let her confess, continuing s2.
  35. 35 ↩Source "inorancia" treated as "ignorancia" (ignorance).
  36. 36 ↩"amor de carne" rendered as natural/flesh-and-blood affection, not erotic desire.
  37. 37 ↩Source "parajismo" treated as "paroxismo" (paroxysm/seizure).
  38. 38 ↩"sacramento de la Uncion" rendered as the sacrament of Anointing (Extreme Unction / Anointing of the Sick).
  39. 39 ↩"cera" understood as funeral-candle wax dripped onto her eyes when they thought her dead.
  40. 40 ↩Source spellings "tiniendo," "sepoltura," and "monesterio" treated as "teniendo," "sepultura," and "monasterio."
  41. 41 ↩"fuera del aquí" rendered as "away from here" (funeral honors elsewhere than where she lay).
  42. 42 ↩Complex "si... no me aprovechara" clause rendered as the consequence of her deception about mortal sin: the tears alone would not have availed.
  43. 43 ↩Source reading "colmulgar" is almost certainly a corruption of "comulgar" (to receive Communion), which the surrounding context supports; translated accordingly.
  44. 44 ↩"lo iba harto mi salvacion" rendered as "my salvation was in serious danger"; the older idiom means her salvation was going badly / was in a bad enough state.
  45. 45 ↩"por amor no le dejabas de ofender": rendered as failing to stop offending Him out of love (i.e., love of God was not strong enough to restrain her), not as offending Him because of love.
  46. 46 ↩Source "añido" read as "añado" (I add); old-Spanish orthography/typo.
  47. 47 ↩"harto hermoseados van": sins as recounted already dressed up / made to look better than they were.
  48. 48 ↩Source "manificencia" read as "magnificencia" (magnificence).

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