SR
← The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila/Book 1 · Su vida (Libro de la Vida)
Chapter 28TeresaVida.1.28

Capítulo XXVII

The Lord's Marvelous Teaching

The chapter announces a new way the Lord teaches the soul without words, and a great favor granted to Teresa.

In which she discusses another way the Lord teaches the soul and, without speaking to it, makes His will known to it in a marvelous manner.1 She also discusses a vision and a great favor the Lord granted her—not an imaginary one.23 This chapter is especially worth noting.

Struggle and Surrender

Teresa describes her inner conflict between the fears of others and her own experience of spiritual progress, and her persistent prayer for guidance.

So, returning to the account of my life: I was suffering under this affliction, and great prayers were being offered—as I've said—that the Lord would lead me by another, safer path, since they told me this one was so suspect. It's true that although I was pleading with God—no matter how much I wanted to desire another path—since I saw my soul so much improved (except sometimes, when I was worn down by the things they said to me and the fears they put in me), it wasn't in my power to desire it, though I always asked for it.4 I saw myself as a different person in everything: I could only put myself in God's hands, for He knew what was good for me, that He might fulfill in me whatever His will was in all things. I saw that by this path He was leading me to heaven, and that before I had been going to hell. As for having to desire another way, or believing this was the devil—I couldn't force myself to either, though I did everything I could to believe it and desire it; but it wasn't in my power.5 I offered whatever I did—if it was a good work—for that purpose. I chose devout saints as my patrons so they would free me from the devil.6 I kept making novenas; I entrusted myself to Saint Hilarion and to Saint Michael the Angel, for whom I took up devotion again for this reason; and I kept urging many other saints that the Lord would show the truth—that is, that they would settle it with His Majesty.78 After two years of keeping up all this prayer—both mine and other people's—for what I've mentioned, or that the Lord would lead me by another path or make the truth plain (because the words I've said the Lord spoke to me were very constant), this happened to me.9

The Intellectual Vision of Christ

On the feast of Saint Peter, Teresa experiences an intellectual vision of Christ at her side, filling her with fear and then peace.

One feast day of the glorious Saint Peter, while I was at prayer, I saw beside me—or rather, I felt it, to put it better, since I saw nothing with the eyes of my body or my soul—yet it seemed to me that Christ was right there at my side, and I perceived that it was He who was speaking to me, as it seemed.10 Because I had no idea such a vision could even exist, it frightened me terribly at first, and all I did was weep—though when He said even one word to reassure me, I was left, as always, calm and filled with delight, with no fear at all.11 It seemed to me that Jesus Christ was always walking beside me; and since it was not an imaginary vision, I did not see His form—yet I felt very clearly that He was always at my right side, and that He witnessed everything I did, and that whenever I recollected myself even a little, or was not very distracted, I could not help knowing that He was beside me.1213

Describing the Indescribable

Teresa recounts her confessor's questioning and her struggle to explain the intellectual vision, distinguishing it from other forms of prayer and affirming its certainty.

Then I went to my confessor, thoroughly worn out, to tell him about it. He asked me what form I saw Him in. I told him I didn't see Him.14 He asked me how I knew it was Christ. I told him I didn't know how, only that I couldn't help understanding that He was beside me, and I saw Him clearly and felt Him; and that the soul's recollection was much greater in the prayer of quiet and very continuous, and that the effects were very different from those I used to have, and that it was something very clear.1516 I did nothing but offer comparisons to make myself understood; and truly, for this kind of vision, as I see it, there is none that fits very well: for just as it is one of the most exalted—as a holy man of great spirit later told me, Friar Pedro de Alcántara, of whom I will say more later, and as other learned men of standing have also told me—and as it is, of all of them, the one where the devil can interfere least, so there are no words here for those of us who know little to describe it; the learned will explain it better.1718 If I say that I don't see Him with the eyes of the body or the soul—since it isn't an imaginary vision—how is it that I understand and affirm His presence beside me more clearly than if I actually saw Him?19 It might seem like being in the dark, unable to see someone beside you, or like being blind—but that comparison doesn't really work. It has some resemblance, but not much, because in those cases you still use your senses—you hear the other person speak or move, or you touch them. Here, none of that happens, and no darkness is seen either; instead, it is presented to the soul by a knowledge clearer than the sun.20 I'm not saying you see the sun or a bright glare, but rather a light. which, without seeing light, illuminates the understanding so that the soul can enjoy such a great good. It brings great blessings with it.21 It isn't like a presence of God that is often felt, especially by those who have the prayer of union and quiet — which seems, as soon as one wants to begin to We pray, and we find Someone to speak with; it seems we understand that He hears us through the effects and spiritual feelings we experience — of great love and faith, and other resolutions made with tenderness.22 This great favor is from God, and whoever has received it should hold it in high regard; for it is a very exalted prayer, but it is not a vision. In that other kind, one understands that God is there by the effects that, as I say, He works in the soul — for in that way His Majesty wants to make Himself felt. Here one sees clearly that Jesus Christ, the Son of the Virgin, is here.23 In this other manner of prayer, influences of the Divinity are represented; here, together with these, one sees that the most sacred Humanity also accompanies us and wants to grant favors as well. So my confessor asked me, "Who said it was Jesus Christ?" "He tells me so many times," I answered; "but even before He told me, it was impressed on my understanding that it was He — and even before that He used to tell me so, though I did not see Him."24 If a person I had never seen, but only heard news of, came to speak to me while I was blind, or in deep darkness, and told me who she was, I would believe it — but I couldn't affirm so firmly that it was that person as I could if I had seen her.25 Here, yes: without being seen, it is impressed with so clear a knowledge that it hardly seems one can doubt. The Lord wants it so engraved in the understanding that one cannot doubt it more than what one sees — nor even as much; because with ordinary seeing a suspicion sometimes remains that it was only our fancy. Here, though that suspicion may arise at once, on the other hand a great certainty remains, and the doubt has no force.2627

Heavenly Language and Infused Knowledge

Teresa describes how God teaches the soul without words, placing understanding directly within it, like food already eaten, and compares it to heavenly communication.

It's the same in another way, too: God teaches the soul and speaks to it without speaking, in the manner already described. It's a language so much of heaven that down here it can hardly be understood, no matter how much we try to explain it, unless the Lord teaches it through experience.28 The Lord places what He wants the soul to understand deep within the soul, and there He presents it without image or form of words, but in the manner of this vision already described. And pay close attention to this way God works, by which the soul understands what He wants, along with great truths and mysteries; because many times, when the Lord makes clear to me some vision that His Majesty wants to present to me, what I understand is like this; and it seems to me that this is where the devil can interfere least, for these reasons—if they aren't sound, then I must be deceiving myself. This kind of vision and language is so purely spiritual that, it seems to me, there is no stir in the faculties or the senses through which the devil could get hold of anything.29 This happens sometimes, and only briefly—for at other times it seems clear enough to me that the faculties aren't suspended and the senses aren't taken away, but are deeply gathered within themselves. That isn't always how it is in contemplation; rather, it happens very rarely. But those times that are of this kind, I say, we ourselves work nothing and do nothing; everything seems the Lord's work. It's like having food in your stomach without having eaten it, and without knowing how it got there—yet you clearly understand that it is there. Although in that comparison one doesn't understand what the food is or who put it there, in this experience one does; but how it was put there I don't know—for it wasn't seen, nor is it understood, nor had I ever been moved to desire it, nor had it come to my notice that this could be.30 In the speaking we've described before, God makes the understanding take notice — even against its will — so that it grasps what's being said; for there it seems the soul has other ears with which it hears, and He makes it listen and keeps it from wandering, like someone who can hear well and isn't allowed to cover his ears, while people speak right beside him in a loud voice: even if he didn't want to, he would hear it. And in the end it does something, since it stays attentive to understand what's being spoken to it; here it does nothing at all, for even that little bit — which is only listening — that it used to do before is taken away from it.31 It finds everything already cooked and eaten; there's nothing left to do but enjoy — like someone who, without learning, and without having worked at all to know how to read, and without having studied anything either, found all knowledge already known within himself, without knowing how or from where, since he had never even worked to learn the alphabet.32 This last comparison somehow makes this heavenly gift clearer to me; because the soul finds itself wise in an instant, and the mystery of the Most Holy Trinity so plain — along with other very lofty things — that there is no theologian with whom it wouldn't dare debate the truth of these grandeurs. It remains so astonished that one mercy of this kind is enough to transform a whole soul and make it love nothing but the One it sees — who, without any effort of its own, makes it capable of such great goods, communicates secrets to it, and deals with it in such friendship and love that it can't be put into writing. Because He grants some mercies that bring suspicion with them — since they are so astonishing, and done for someone who has deserved them so little — that unless there is a very living faith, they can't be believed. And so I mean to tell few of those the Lord has done for me, unless I'm commanded otherwise — except for some visions that may be of some use: either so that anyone to whom the Lord gives them won't be alarmed, thinking them impossible, as I used to; or to make clear the manner or path by which the Lord has led me, which is what I'm commanded to write. So, returning to this way of understanding, what it seems to me is that the Lord wants this soul in every way to have some knowledge of what goes on in heaven; and it seems to me that just as there they understand one another without speaking—something I never knew for certain was so until the Lord, in His goodness, wanted me to see it and showed it to me in a rapture—so it is here: God and the soul understand each other by His Majesty simply willing that the soul understand it, without any other device for making Himself understood.

A Gaze of Love

Teresa compares the soul's understanding of God to the silent gaze of lovers, alluding to the Song of Songs.

the love these two friends have for each other. Just as here, if two people love each other deeply and have a good understanding, even without signs they seem to understand each other just by looking at each other. This must be what happens here: without our seeing how, these two lovers gaze fixedly into each other's eyes, as the Bridegroom says to the Bride in the Song of Songs—at least I think so; I've heard that this is said there.33

Exhortation to Prayer and Detachment

Teresa breaks into a passionate exhortation on the ingratitude of mortals, the greatness of God's gifts, and the need to leave all for Christ, criticizing worldly honor.

Oh, the wonderful kindness of God—that You let Yourself be gazed at by eyes that have looked so badly, like those of my soul! Lord, from this vision may they now grow accustomed not to look at low things, and may nothing please them except You. Oh, the ingratitude of mortals! How far must it go?34 For I know by experience that what I'm saying is true, and that what can be said is the least of what You do with a soul You bring to such a state.35 Oh souls who have begun to practice prayer, and you who have true faith: what goods can you seek, even in this life—leaving aside what is gained for eternity—that equal the least of these?36 Look—it's so certain that God gives Himself to those who leave everything for Him. He is no respecter of persons; He loves everyone. No one has an excuse, however wretched they may be, since this is how He deals with me, bringing me to such a state.3738 Look — what I'm saying isn't even a measure of what can be said. I've only said what's needed so this kind of vision and favor that God grants the soul can be understood. But I can't say what is felt when the Lord lets her understand His secrets and His greatness — a delight so far above everything that can be grasped here that it rightly makes you loathe the pleasures of this life, which are all trash put together.39 It's disgusting to even compare them, even if you could enjoy them forever. And of these, what does the Lord give?40 Only a single drop of water from the great, abundant river that is prepared for us. It's shameful — and I certainly feel that shame about myself — and if there could be disgrace in heaven, I would rightly be more disgraced there. Why should we want so many goods and delights and glory without end, all at the cost of the good Jesus? Won't we at least weep with the daughters of Jerusalem, since we don't help him carry the cross with the Cyrenian? What — are we to enjoy with pleasures and pastimes what he won for us at the cost of so much blood?41 It's impossible. And do we think that with vain honors we can make up for a scorn like the one He suffered, so that we might reign forever? That doesn't make sense.42 Wrong, all wrong goes that road — we'll never get there. Your Grace, speak these truths out loud, since God has taken that freedom from me. I would always want to raise them myself, and He heard me so late, and I understood from God—as will be seen from what is written—that it is a great embarrassment for me to speak of this, and so I want to keep silent: I will only say what I sometimes reflect on.43 May it please the Lord to bring me to such a point that I can enjoy that good.44 What accidental glory it will be, and what joy for the blessed who already enjoy this, when they see that—though late—nothing was left undone for God among the things that were possible for them, nor did they leave anything undone in giving to Him in every way they could, according to their strength and state in life—and the one who did more, all the more!4546 How rich will the one who left all riches for Christ find himself! How honored is the one who wanted no honor for His sake, but delighted to see himself deeply humbled! How wise is the one who was glad to be taken for a fool, since they called Wisdom itself that!47 How few there are now, because of our sins! It already seems those people used to take for fools have vanished — fools for watching them do the heroic works of true lovers of Christ!✦ Oh world, world, how you keep gaining honor when so few know you for what you are!48 But if we think God is better served now by people taking us for wise and prudent, well, that — that must be how discretion is practiced nowadays: then it seems to us there's little edification in not going about with a great deal of composed authority, each according to his station.49 Even among the friar and the priest and the nun, it will seem to us that wearing something old and patched is a novelty and gives scandal to the weak; and even being deeply recollected and keeping to prayer — given how the world is, and how forgotten the things of perfection are, those great impulses the saints once had — that I think this does more harm amid the misfortunes of these times than it would scandalize anyone for religious to make clear by their works, as they say in words, how little the world is to be valued; for from these scandals the Lord draws great benefits; and if some are scandalized, others are stung with remorse — if only there were a sketch of what Christ and his Apostles went through, since now more than ever it is needed.50

The Example of Friar Pedro de Alcántara

Teresa praises the heroic penance and holiness of Friar Pedro de Alcántara, recounting his austere life, holy death, and posthumous help.

And how good of God to give us now the blessed Friar Peter of Alcántara. The world can no longer bear so much perfection. They say people's health is weaker now, and that these aren't the times of old. This holy man was of our own time; his spirit was as strong as in other ages, and so he had the world under his feet. For even if people don't go naked or do such harsh penance as he did, there are many ways, as I've said before, to trample the world underfoot, and the Lord teaches them when He sees courage.51 And how great was the courage His Majesty gave this saint I'm speaking of, so he could keep up such harsh penance for forty-seven years, as everyone knows.52 I want to say something about that penance, which I know is entirely true. He told this to me and to another person with whom he kept little reserve; and with me the love he had for me was the reason, because the Lord wanted him to have that love so he would take my part and encourage me in a time of such great need, as I have said and will say.53 It seems to me it was forty years that he told me he had slept only an hour and a half between night and day, and that this was the hardest penitential labor he had had at the beginning—overcoming sleep—and for this he was always either on his knees or on his feet. He slept sitting up, his head leaning against a small piece of wood he had fixed into the wall. He couldn't lie down even if he had wanted to, because his cell, as everyone knows, was no more than four and a half feet long. In all these years he never put on the hood, no matter how fierce the sun or rain, nor anything on his feet, nor any clothing except a habit of coarse wool, with nothing else against his skin, and that as tight as he could bear, and a small mantle of the same over it.54 He told me that in bitter cold he would take it off and leave the door and small window of his cell open, so that afterward, by putting on the mantle and shutting the door, he could satisfy his body enough to settle down with the greater warmth.55 Eating only every third day was quite ordinary for him. And he said to me, "What are you so amazed about?" He said that it was perfectly possible for anyone who got used to it. One of his companions told me that he would sometimes go eight days without eating. That must have been while he was at prayer, because he had great raptures and impulses of love for God—something I myself once witnessed. His poverty was extreme, and so was his mortification in his youth: he told me that he had spent three years in a house of his Order without knowing any friar except by his voice, because he never raised his eyes; and so, when he had to go somewhere out of necessity, he didn't know the way—he just followed the other friars; the same thing used to happen to him on the roads. He never looked at women—and this went on for many years. He used to tell me that by then it no longer mattered to him whether he saw or didn't see; but he was already very old when I came to know him, and his frailty was so extreme that he seemed nothing but a figure made of tree roots. With all this holiness he was still very affable, though a man of few words—unless you asked him something. In those answers he was a delight to hear, because he had a very fine mind.56 I'd like to say many other things, except that I'm afraid Your Reverence will ask why I'm getting into all this—and I've written this about him.57 And so I'll leave it at this: his end was like his life—preaching and admonishing his friars. When he saw that the end was near, he recited the psalm 'Laetatus sum in his quae dicta sunt mihi,' and he died while kneeling.58 Afterwards, it has pleased the Lord that I should receive more from him than I did during his lifetime, as he advises me in many things.59 I've seen him many times in the greatest glory. The first time he appeared to me, he told me what a blessed penance it was that had earned so great a reward, and many other things. A year before he died he appeared to me while he was away, and I learned that he was going to die, and I warned him of it when he was some leagues from here. When he breathed his last, he appeared to me and said that he was going to his rest. I didn't believe it; I told some people, and about eight days later the news came that he was dead—or, better said, that he had begun to live forever.60 Here, then, this harsh life is finished with such great glory: it seems to me he comforts me far more than when he was here. The Lord once told me that nothing would be asked of Him in his name that He would not hear.61 Many things I've asked him to petition the Lord for, I've seen fulfilled.✦ May He be blessed forever. Amen.✦

A Closing Confession

Teresa concludes by acknowledging her own failings and asking forgiveness for wearying her reader.

But all I've done is talk, to wake you up not to value anything in this life at all—as if you didn't already know that, or weren't already determined to leave it all and put that into practice. I see so much ruin in the world that even though it does no more good for me to say it, wearing myself out writing it is a rest for me—because everything I say is against myself. May the Lord forgive me for how I've offended Him in this, and may you forgive me too, for I tire you for no good reason. It seems I want you to do penance for what I myself sinned in this.

Read the original Spanish

En que trata otro modo, con que enseñin el Señor al alma y sin hablarla, la dn á entender su voluntad por una manera admirable. Trata tamblen de declarar una vision y gran merced, que le hizo el Señor, no imaginaria. Es mucho de notar este capitulo.

Pues tornando á el discurso de mi vida, yo estaba con esta aflicion de penas, y con grandes oraciones, como he dicho que se hacian, porque el Señor me llevase por otro camino, que fuese mas siguro, pues este me decian era tan sospechoso. Verdad es, que aunque yo le suplicaba á Dios, por mucho que queria desear otro camino, como via tan mijorada mi alma (sino era alguna vez, cuando estaba muy fatigada de las cosas que me decian, y miedos que me ponian) no era en mi mano desearlo, aunque siempre lo pedia.

Yo me via otra en todo: no podia, sino poníame en las manos de Dios, que él sabia lo que me convenia, que cumpliese en mí lo que era su voluntad en todo. Via que por este camino le llevaba para el cielo, y que antes iba á el infierno: que habia de desear esto, ni creer que era demonio, no me podia forzar á mí, aunque hacia cuanto podia por creerlo y desearlo: mas no era en mi mano.

Ofrecia lo que hacia, si era alguna buena obra, por eso. Tomaba santos devotos, porque me librasen del demonio. Andaba novenas, encomendábame á san Hilarion, y á san Miguel angel, con quien por esto tomé nuevamente devocion; y á otros muchos santos importunaba mostrase el Señor la verdad, digo que lo acabasen con su Majestad. A cabo de dos años, que andaba con toda esta oracion mía, y de otras personas, para lo dicho, ó que el Señor me llevase por otro camino ú declarase la verdad (porque eran muy continas las hablas, que he dicho me hacia el Señor) me acaeció esto.

Estando un dia del glorioso san Pedro en oracion, vi cabe mí, ú sentí, por mejor decir, que con los ojos del cuerpo, ni del alma no ví nada, mas parecióme estaba junto cabe mi Cristo, y via ser El el que me hablaba, á mí parecer. Yo como estaba inorantísima de que podia haber semejante vision, dióme gran temor á el principio, y no hacia sino llorar, aunque en diciéndome una palabra sola de asigurarme, quedaba, como solia, quieta y con regalo y sin ningun temor. Parecíame andar siempre al lado Jesucristo; y como no era vision imaginaria, no via en que forma: mas estar siempre á mi lado derecho sentíalo muy claro, y que era testigo de todo lo que yo hacia, y que ninguna vez que me recogiese un poco, ó no estuviese muy divertida, podia inorar que estaba cabe mí.

Luego fuí á mi confesor harto fatigado á decírselo. Preguntóme, que ¿en qué forma le via? Yo le dije que no le via. Díjome, que ¿cómo sabia yo que era Cristo? Yo le dije, que no sabia cómo mas que no podia dejar de entender que estaba cabe mí, y le via claro, y sentia, y que el recogimiento del alma era muy mayor en oracion de quietud y muy contina, y los efetos que eran muy otros que solia tener, y que era cosa muy clara. No hacia sino poner comparaciones para darme á entender; y cierto para esta manera de vision, á mi parecer, no la hay que mucho cuadre: que ansí como es de las mas subidas, sigun despues me dijo un santo hombre y de gran espíritu, llamado fray Pedro de Alcántara, de quien despues haré mas mencion, y me han dicho otros letrados grandes, y que es adonde menos se puede entremeter el demonio, de todas; ansí no, hay términos para decirla acá las que poco sabemos, que los letrados mejor lo daran á entender.

Porque si digo, que con los ojos del cuerpo ni del alma, no le veo, porque no es imaginaria vision, ¿cómo entiendo y me afirmo con mas claridad, que está cabe mí, que si lo viese? Porque parecer, que es como una persona que está á escuras, que no ve á otra que está cabe ella, ó si es ciega, no va bien: alguna semejanza tiene, mas no mucha, porque siente con los sentidos, ú la oye hablar, ú menear, ú la toca. Acá no hay nada de esto, ni se ve escuridad, sino que se representa por una noticia al alma, mas clara que el sol.

No digo que se ve sol, ni claridad, sino una luz.

que sin ver luz alumbra el entendimiento; para que goce el alma tan gran bien. Tray consigo grandes bienes.

No es como una presencia de Dios, que se siente muchas veces, en especial los que tienen oracion de union y quietud; que parece en queriendo comenzar á. tener oracion, hallamos con quien hablar, y parece entendemos nos oye por los efectos y sentimientos espirituales, que sentimos, de gran amor y feé, y otras determinaciones con ternura. Esta gran merced es de Dios, y téngalo en mucho á quien lo ha dado; porque es muy subida oracion, mas no es vision, que entiéndese que está allí Dios, por los efetos que, como digo hace á el alma, que por aquel modo quiere su Majestad darse á sentir: acá vése claro, que está aquí Jesucristo, Hijo de la Virgen. En esta otra manera de oracion represéntanse unas influencias de la Divinidad: aquí junto con estas se ve nos acompaña, y quiere hacer mercedes tambien la Humanidad sacratísima. Pues preguntóme el confesor, ¿quién dijo que era Jesucristo? El me lo dice muchas veces, respondí yo: mas antes que me lo dijese, se emprimió en mi entendimiento que era El, y antes de esto me lo decia, y no le via. Si una persona que yo nunca hubiese visto, sino oido nuevas de ella, me viniese á hablar estando ciega, ó en gran escuridad, y me dijese quien era, creerlo hia, mas no tan determinadamente lo podria afirmar ser aquella persona, como si la hubiera visto. Acá sí, que sin verse se imprime con una noticia tan clara, que no parece se puede dudar; que quiere el Señor esté tan esculpida en el entend miento, que no se puede dudar mas, que lo que se ve, ni tanto; porque en esto algunas veces nos queda sospecha, si se nos antojó: acá aunque de presto dé esta sospecha, queda por una parte gran certidumbre, que no tiene fuerza la duda.

Ansí es tambien en otra manera, que Dios enseña el alma, y la habla sin hablar, de la manera que queda dicha.

Es un lenguaje tan del cielo, que acá se puede mal dar á entender, aunque mas queramos decir, si el Señor por espiriencia no lo enseña. Pone el Señor lo que quiere que el alma entienda, en lo muy interior del alma, y allí lo representa sin imágen, ni forma de palabras, sino á manera de esta vision que queda dicha. Y nótese mucho esta manera de hacer Dios, que entiende el alma lo que El quiere, y grandes verdades y misterios; porque muchas veces lo que entiendo, cuando el Señor me declara alguna vision que quiere su Majestad representarme, es ansí; y paréceme que es adonde el demonio se puede entremeter menos, por estas razones: si ellas no son buenas yo me debo engañar. Es una cosa tan de espíritu esta manera de vision y de lenguaje, que ningun bullicio hay en las potencias, ni en los sentidos, á mi parecer, por donde el demonio pueda sacar nada.

Esto es alguna vez y con brevedad, que otras bien me parece á mí que no están suspendidas las potencias, ni quitados los sentidos, sino muy en sí, que no es siempre esto en contemplacion, antes muy pocas veces: mas estas que son, digo, que no obramos nosotros nada, ni hacemos nada; todo parece obra del Señor. Es como cuando ya está puesto el manjar en el estómago sin comerle, ni saber nosotros cómo se puso allí, mas entiende bien que está. Aunque aquí no se entiende el manjar que es, ni quien lo puso, acá sí; mas como se puso no lo sé, que ni se vió, ni se entiende, ni jamás se había movido á desearlo, ni habia venido á mi noticia que esto podía ser.

En la habla, que hemos dicho antes, hace Dios al entendimiento que advierta, aunque le pese, á entender lo que se dice; que allá parece tiene el alma otros oidos con que oye, y que la hace escuchar, y que no se divierta; como á uno que oyese bien, y no le consintiesen atapar los oidos, y le hablasen junto á voces, aunque no quisiese lo oiria. Y en fin algo hace, pues está atento á entender lo que le hablan: acá ninguna cosa, que aun este poco que es solo escuchar, que hacia en lo pasado, se le quita. Todo lo halla guisado y comido, no hay mas que hacer de gozar; como uno que sin deprender, ni haber trabajado nada para saber leer, n tampoco hubiese estudiado nada, hallase toda la ciencia sabida ya en sí, sin saber cómo, ni dónde, pues aun nunca habia trabajado, aun para deprender el abece. Esta comparacion postrera me declara algo de este don celestial; porque se ve el alma en un punto sabia, y tan declarado el misterio de la Santísima Trinidad, y de otras cosas muy subidas, que no hay teólogo con quien no se atreviese á disputar la verdad de estas grandezas. Quédase tan espantada, que basta una merced de estas para trocar toda un alma, y hacerla no amar cosa sino á quien ve, que, sin trabajo ninguno suyo, la hace capaz de tan grandes bienes, y le comunica secretos, y trata con ella con tanta amistad y amor, que no se sufre escribir. Porque hace algunas mercedes, que consigo train la sospecha, por ser de tanta admiracion, y hechas á quien tampoco las ha merecido, que si no hay muy viva fee, no se podrán creer: y ansí yo pienso decir pocas de las que el Señor me ha hecho á mí, si no me mandaren otra cosa, sino son algunas visiones, que pueden para alguna cosa aprovechar, ó para que, á quien el Señor las diere, no se espante, parecióndole imposible, como hacia yo; ó para declararle el modo ú camino por donde el Señor me ha llevado, que es lo que me mandan escribir.

Pues tornando á esta manera de entender, lo que me parece es, que quiere el Señor de todas maneras tenga esta alma alguna noticia de lo que pasa en el cielo: y paréceme á mí, que ansí como allá sin hablar se entiende (lo que yo nunca supe cierto es ansí, hasta que el Señor por su bondad quiso que lo viese, y me lo mostró en un arrobamiento) ansí es acá, que se entienden Dios y el alma, con solo querer su Majestad que lo entienda, sin otro artificio, para darse á entender

el amor que se tienen estos dos amigos. Como acá si dos personas se quieren mucho, y tienen buen entendimiento, aun sin señas parece que se entienden con solo mirarse. Esto debe ser aquí, que sin ver nosotros, como de hito en hito se miran estos dos amantes, como lo dice el Esposo á la Esposa en los Cantares: á lo que creo, hélo oido que es aquí.

¡Oh benignidad admirable de Dios, que ansí os dejais mirar de unos ojos, que tan mal han mirado, como los de mi alma! Queden ya Señor de esta vista acostumbrados en no mirar cosas bajas, ni que les contente ninguna, fuera de vos. ¡Oh ingratitud de los mortales! ¿Hasta cuándo ha de llegar? Que sé yo por espiriencia, que es verdad esto que digo, y que es lo menos de lo que vos haceis con una alma que traeis á tales términos, lo que se puede decir. O almas que habeis comenzado á tener oracion, y las que teneis verdadera fee, ¿qué bienes podeis buscar, aun en esta vida (dejemos lo que se gana para sin fin) que sea como el menor de estos? Mirá, que es ansí cierto, que se da Dios á sí, á los que todo lo dejan por El. No es acetador de personas, á todas ama: no tiene nadie escusa, por rui que sea, pues ansí lo hace conmigo, trayéndome á tal estado.

Mirá, que no es cifra lo que digo de lo que se puede decir, solo va dicho lo que es menester, para darse á entender esta manera de vision y merced, que hace Dios á el alma; mas no puedo decir lo que se siente, cuando el Señor la da á entender secretos y grandezas suyas, el deleite tan sobre cuantos acá se pueden entender, que bien con razon hace aborrecer los deleites de la vida, que son basura todos juntos. Es asco traerlos á ninguna comparacion aquí, aunque sea para gozarlos sin fin. Y de estos ¿qué da el Señor? sola una gota de agua del gran rio caudaloso, que nos está aparejado.

Vergüenza es, y yo cierto la he de mí, y si pudiera haber afrenta en el cielo, con razon estuviera yo allá mas afrentada. ¿Por qué hemos de querer tantos bienes, y deleites, y gloria para sin fin, todos á costa del buen Jesus? ¿No llorarémos siquiera con las hijas de Jerusalen, ya que no le ayudemos á llevar la cruz con el Cirineo? Qué ¿con placeres y pasatiempos hemos de gozar lo que él nos ganó á costa de tanta sangre? Es imposible. ¿Y con honras vanas pensamos remediar un desprecio, como El sufrió, para que nosotros reinemos para siempre? No lleva camino. Errado, errado va el camino, nunca llegarémos allá.

Dé voces vuesa merced en decir estas verdades, pues Dios me quitó á mí esta libertad. A mí me las querria dar siempre, y oyóme tan tarde, y entendí á Dios, como se verá por lo escrito, que me es gran confusion hablar en esto, y ansí quiero callar: solo diré lo que algunas veces considero. Plega al Señoo me traiga á términos, que yo pueda gozar de esr bien. ¿Qué gloria accidental será, y que contentt de los bienaventurados, que ya gozan de estoe cuando vieren, que aunque tarde, no les quedó, cosa por hacer por Dios de las que les fué posible, ni dejaron cosa por darle de todas las maneras que pudieron, conforme á sus fuerzas y estado, y el que mas, mas? ¡Qué rico se hallará, el que todas las riquezas dejó por Cristo! ¡Qué honrado, el que no quiso honra por El, sino que gustaba de verse muy abatido! ¡Qué sábio, el que se holgó que le tuviesen por loco, pues lo llamaron á la mesma Sabiduría! ¡Qué pocos hay ahora por nuestros pecados!

Ya, ya parece se acabaron los que las gentes tenian por locos, de verlos hacer obras heróicas de verdaderos amadores de Cristo! ¡Oh mundo, mundo, cómo vas ganando honra en haber pocos que te conozcan! Mas si pensamos se sirve ya mas Dios de que nos tengan por sábios y discretos, eso, eso debe ser, segun se usa discrecion: luego nos parece es poca edificacion no andar con mucha compostura de autoridad, cada uno en su estado.

Hasta el fraile y el clérigo y monja nos parecerá que traer cosa vieja y remendada es novedad y dar escándalo á los flacos; y aun estar muy recogidos y tener oracion, sigun está el mundo, y tan olvidadas las cosas de perfecion de grandes impefus que tenian los santos, que pienso hace mas daño á las desventuras, que pasan en estos tiempos, que no haria escándalo á nadie dar á entender los religiosos por obras, como lo dicen por palabras, en lo poco que se ha de tener el mundo, que de estos escándalos el Señor saca de ellos grandes provechos; y si unos se escandalizan, otros se remuerden, si quiera que hubiese un debujo de lo que pasó por Cristo y sus Apóstoles, pues ahora mas que nunca es menester.

Y qué bueno nos le llevó Dios ahora en el bendito fray Pedro de Alcántara. No está ya el mundo para sufrir tanta perfecion. Dicen que están las saludes mas flacas, y que no son los tiempos pasados. Este santo hombre de este tiempo era, estaba grueso el espíritu, como en los otros tiempos, y ansí tenia el mundo debajo de los piés; que aunque no anden desnudos, ni hagan tan áspera penitencia como él, muchas cosas hay, como otras veces he dicho, para repisar el mundo, y el Señor las enseña cuando ve ánimo. Y cuán grande le dió su Majestad á este santo, que digo, para hacer cuarenta y siete años tan áspera penitencia, como todos saben. Quiero decir algo de ella, que sé es toda verdad. Díjome á mí y á otra persona, de quien se guardaba poco; y á mí el amor que me tenia era la causa, porque quiso el Señor le tuviese para volver por mí, y animarme en tiempo de tanta necesidad, como he dicho y diré. Paréceme fueron cuarenta años los que me dijo habia dormido sola hora y media entre noche y dia, y que este era el mayor trabajo de penitencia, que había tenido en los principios, de vencer el sueño, y para esto estaba siempre ú de rodillas, ú en pié.

Lo que dormia era sentado, la cabeza arrimada á un maderillo que tenia hincado en la pared. Echado, aunque quisiera, no podia, porque su celda, como se sabe, no era mas larga que cuatro piés y medio. En todos estos años jamás se puso la capilla, por grandes soles y aguas que hiciese, ni cosa en los piés, ni vestido, sino un hábito de sayal, sin ninguna otra cosa sobre las carnes, y este tan angosto como se podia sufrir, y un mantillo de lo mesmo encima. Decíame que en los grandes frios se le quitaba y dejaba la puerta y ventanilla abierta de la celda, para que, con ponerse despues el manto y cerrar la puerta, contentaba el cuerpo, para que sosegase con mas abrigo. Comer á tercer dia era muy ordinario. Y díjome, ¿que de qué me espantaba? que muy posible era á quien se acostumbraba á ello. Un su compañero me dijo, que le acaecia estar ocho dias sin comer.

Debia ser estando en oracion, porque tenia grandes arrobamientos y ímpetus de amor de Dios, de que una vez yo fuí testigo. Su pobreza era extrema y mortificacion en la mocedad, que me dijo, que le habia acaecido estar tres años en una casa de su Orden, y no conocer fraile, si no era por la habla; porque no alzaba los ojos jamás, y ansí á las partes que de necesidad habia de ir, no sabia, sino ibase tras los frailes: esto le acaecia por los caminos. A mujeres jamás miraba, esto muchos años. Decíame que ya no se le daba mas ver, que no ver; mas era muy viejo cuando le vine á conocer, y tan extrema su flaqueza, que no parecia sino hecho de raíces de árboles. Con toda esta santidad era muy afable, aunque de pocas palabras, si no era con preguntarle. En estas era muy sabroso, porque tenia muy lindo entendimiento. Otras cosas muchas quisiera decir, sino que he miedo dirá vuesa merced para que me meto en esto; y con él lo he escrito. Y ansí lo dejo con que fué su fin como la vida, predicando y amonestando á sus frailes.

Como vió ya se acababa, dijo el salmo de Lactatus sum im his quae dicta sunt mihi, é hincado de rodillas murió.

Despues ha sido el Señor servido, yo tenga mas en él que en la vida, aconsejándome en muchas cosas. Héle visto muchas veces con grandísima gloria. Díjome la primera que me apareció, que bienaventurada penitencia, que tanto premio habia merecido, y otras muchas cosas. Un año antes que muriese me apareció estando ausente, y supe se habia de morir, y se lo avisé, estando algunas leguas de aquí. Cuando espiró, me apareció, y dijo, como se iba á descansar. Yo no lo creí; dijelo á algunas personas, y desde á ocho dias vino la nueva como era muerto, ó comenzado á vivir para siempre, por mijor decir. Héla aquí acabada esta aspereza de vida con tan gran gloria: paréceme que mucho mas me consuela, que cuando acá estaba. Díjome una vez el Señor, que no le pedirian cosa en su nombre, que no la oyese.

Muchas que le he encomendado pida al Señor, las he visto cumplidas. Sea bendito por siempre, amen.

Mas que hablar he hecho para despertar á vuesa merced á no estimar en nada cosa de esta vida, como si no lo supiese, ú no estuviera ya determinado á dejarlo todo, y puéstolo por obra. Veo tanta perdicion en el mundo, que aunque no aproveche mas decirlo yo, de cansarme de escribirlo, me es descanso, que todo es contra mí lo que digo. El Señor me perdone lo que en este caso le he ofendido, y vuesa merced, que le canso sin propósito. Parece que quiero haga penitencia de lo que yo en esto pequé.

Scripture echoes

  1. ↩1Cor.1.18-1Cor.1.25 — For the word of the cross is folly to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. 1Cor.1.19 — For it is written: "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the discernment of the discerning I will set aside." 1Cor.1.20 — Where is the wise one? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? 1Cor.1.21 — For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through its wisdom, God was pleased to save those who believe through the foolishness of the proclaimed message. 1Cor.1.22 — For Jews demand signs, and Greeks seek wisdom, 1Cor.1.23 — but we proclaim Christ crucified: to Jews a stumbling block, and to Gentiles foolishness, 1Cor.1.24 — but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God. 1Cor.1.25 — For the foolishness of God is wiser than human wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than human strength.
  2. ↩John.14.13-John.14.14 — And whatever you ask in my name, this I will do, so that the Father may be glorified in the Son. John.14.14 — If you ask me anything in my name, I will do it.
  3. ↩Ps.89.52 — Blessed be the LORD forever! Amen and Amen.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩Source reading looks corrupt: enseñin→enseña and dn→da. Translated the intended sense that the Lord teaches the soul and gives it to understand His will.
  2. 2 ↩Normalized tamblen→también.
  3. 3 ↩Keeps Teresa's technical contrast: not an imaginary (image-bearing) vision, but another kind (typically intellectual).
  4. 4 ↩The parenthetical "sino era alguna vez..." is placed after "como via tan mijorada mi alma"; it may qualify either the perceived improvement of the soul or the inability to desire another path. Rendering keeps the source parenthesis after the soul-improvement clause.
  5. 5 ↩esto / creerlo / desearlo pick up the preceding request for a safer path and the charge that the locutions were demonic; rendered as desiring another way and believing the experience was from the devil.
  6. 6 ↩"Tomaba santos" means adopting saints as patrons/intercessors, not merely reading about them.
  7. 7 ↩"acabasen con su Majestad" rendered as settle the matter with His Majesty (bring the question to resolution before God), not destroy/finish off.
  8. 8 ↩"con quien" is grammatically singular and most nearly attaches to Saint Michael; the translation keeps both named saints as the devotion's scope, which matches the preceding double dedication.
  9. 9 ↩"hablas" kept as "words" (locutions): Teresa's interior speeches from the Lord, not ordinary conversation.
  10. 10 ↩Teresa corrects 'vi' (I saw) to 'sentí' (I felt): the presence is not corporeal or imaginative sight, but an interior awareness of Christ beside her.
  11. 11 ↩'regalo' here is Teresa's mystical sense of interior delight/consolation from God, not an ordinary gift or treat.
  12. 12 ↩'visión imaginaria' is Teresa's technical category (a vision presented to the imagination). She denies that form here: the awareness is of presence without pictured shape.
  13. 13 ↩'divertida' means distracted / drawn away, not amused.
  14. 14 ↩She means she did not see Him with bodily or imaginative sight; the preceding and following sentences describe an intellectual presence felt beside her.
  15. 15 ↩oración de quietud: Teresa's technical term for the prayer of quiet; kept as 'prayer of quiet'.
  16. 16 ↩recogimiento: interior recollection/gathering of the soul; rendered 'recollection'.
  17. 17 ↩Normalized punctuation reads 'ansí no, hay términos'; sense requires 'ansí no hay términos' ('so there are no terms/words').
  18. 18 ↩letrados: learned clerics/scholars; rendered 'learned men' / 'the learned'.
  19. 19 ↩imaginaria vision keeps Teresa's technical category (imaginary/imaginative vision), as distinct from intellectual vision.
  20. 20 ↩noticia rendered as knowledge: Teresa's term for an interior knowing given to the soul, not sensory news or information.
  21. 21 ↩bienes rendered as blessings (spiritual goods), matching tan gran bien in s1 rather than material goods.
  22. 22 ↩determinaciones con ternura: rendered as resolutions made with tenderness (interior resolves stirred with soft affection), not merely sentimental feelings.
  23. 23 ↩Contrast preserved between ordinary felt presence of God (known by effects) and this clearer awareness that Christ Himself is present; mas no es vision kept as but it is not a vision.
  24. 24 ↩emprimió: early spelling of imprimió; rendered as was impressed / imprinted on the understanding.
  25. 25 ↩creerlo hia read as creerlo hía / lo creería (I would believe it), standard early-modern Spanish periphrastic conditional.
  26. 26 ↩entend miento treated as line-broken entendimiento (understanding).
  27. 27 ↩noticia clara rendered as clear knowledge (infused awareness), not mere news or information.
  28. 28 ↩Source reading "espiriencia" taken as experiencia (experience).
  29. 29 ↩"potencias" rendered as faculties (the soul's powers: understanding, memory, and will).
  30. 30 ↩Teresa contrasts aquí (the bodily food analogy) with acá (the interior spiritual reception). Rendered as 'in that comparison' / 'in this experience' to keep the contrast clear in English.
  31. 31 ↩"Acá" ("here") contrasts this higher infused knowing with the earlier mode of locution, where the understanding still had to attend and listen.
  32. 32 ↩Normalized source reads "n tampoco"; rendered as intended "ni tampoco" ("nor…either").
  33. 33 ↩de hito en hito: Spanish idiom for a steady, intent gaze (fixedly / eye to eye); rendered as gazing fixedly into each other's eyes.
  34. 34 ↩"Hasta cuándo ha de llegar?" can mean either "How long must it last?" or "How far must it go?" Referring to mortal ingratitude; "how far" keeps the sense of extent/reach.
  35. 35 ↩Source "espiriencia" is period spelling for experiencia (experience); translated as experience.
  36. 36 ↩Source "fee" is period spelling for fe (faith); translated as faith.
  37. 37 ↩Source "acetador" / "escusa" / "rui" are period forms of aceptor, excusa, and ruin; rendered as "respecter," "excuse," and "wretched."
  38. 38 ↩"No es acetador de personas" echoes the biblical formula that God is no respecter of persons (shows no partiality).
  39. 39 ↩Period idiom: «no es cifra» means the account given falls far short of / is no adequate measure of what could be said.
  40. 40 ↩Antecedent is the divine delights / heavenly goods just set against the trash of earthly pleasures; not the earthly pleasures themselves.
  41. 41 ↩Source opens with emphatic 'Qué' before the inverted question mark; rendered as a sharp rhetorical 'What —'.
  42. 42 ↩Spanish idiom 'No lleva camino' means the proposed course has no coherence or viability; rendered as natural colloquial English rather than a literal 'It doesn't carry a road'.
  43. 43 ↩"las" resumes "voces" from the prior sentence: the freedom to cry out these truths. "confusión" here is shame/embarrassment, not intellectual confusion.
  44. 44 ↩Normalized obvious source typos: "Señoo" → "Señor"; "esr" → "ese".
  45. 45 ↩"gloria accidental" is kept as the scholastic term for secondary heavenly joy beyond essential beatitude (the beatific vision).
  46. 46 ↩Normalized obvious source typos: "contentt" → "contento"; "estoe" → "esto".
  47. 47 ↩"Sabiduría" is capitalized as Christ, the Wisdom of God; "lo" points back to being called a fool/madman.
  48. 48 ↩"conozcan" = know/see through: the world gains prestige because few recognize its emptiness; rendered as "know you for what you are" to keep that force plain.
  49. 49 ↩"discrecion" / "discretos": here the worldly counterfeit of spiritual discretion — cautious respectability — not true discernment of spirits.
  50. 50 ↩Normalized corrupt/OCR forms in the supplied Spanish: sigun→según; impefus→ímpetus; debujo→dibujo. Translation follows those corrected readings.
  51. 51 ↩grueso el espíritu rendered as 'spirit was as strong' (robust/full-bodied spirit, not bodily stoutness).
  52. 52 ↩cuán grande le dió is elliptical; supplied object 'courage' (ánimo) from the close of the previous sentence. Alternative readings take the gift as strength or grace.
  53. 53 ↩volver por mí rendered as 'take my part' (defend/vindicate); se guardaba poco as 'kept little reserve' (spoke with little caution).
  54. 54 ↩capilla here is the Franciscan habit hood/cowl, not a chapel.
  55. 55 ↩se le quitaba most naturally continues from the mantillo of the previous sentence: he removes the little mantle in the cold, then later puts it back on so the relative warmth satisfies the body.
  56. 56 ↩sabroso here means pleasing/delightful to listen to, not literally savory; lindo entendimiento = fine understanding/intellect.
  57. 57 ↩vuesa merced rendered as Your Reverence (Teresa's address to her confessor/addressee). y con él lo he escrito most naturally means she has written this account concerning him; less likely readings include writing in his presence or with his help.
  58. 58 ↩Source reading 'im his' corrected to the standard Vulgate psalm incipit 'in his' (Ps 121 Vulg. / 122 Heb.); 'im' is almost certainly a typographical corruption.
  59. 59 ↩Spanish 'tenga más en él que en la vida' is compressed: rendered as receiving more help/counsel from him after death than during his earthly life.
  60. 60 ↩Source spelling 'mijor' read as intended 'mejor' ('better').
  61. 61 ↩'en su nombre' most naturally points to the deceased holy man's name as intercessor; 'le...oyese' is the Lord hearing those petitions. Next section's fulfilled requests through him supports this reading.

The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila companion

A daily portion of stillness

Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.

Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.

  • Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
  • A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
  • Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent
Chosen Portion — Daily Prayer (free iOS app) →