SR
← The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila/Book 1 · Su vida (Libro de la Vida)
Chapter 19TeresaVida.1.19

Capítulo XVIII

The Fourth Water: Heaven's Rain

Teresa introduces the fourth degree of prayer, where the soul is dead to the world and enjoys God without comprehension, all senses suspended.

In this chapter she discusses the fourth degree of prayer; she begins, in an excellent way, to describe the great dignity the Lord places on the soul that is in this state. This chapter is meant to greatly encourage those who practice prayer, so that they will strive to reach such a high state, since it can be attained on earth—though not by meriting it, but by the Lord's goodness. Read it carefully, because it is explained in a very subtle way and contains much that is worth noting.1 May the Lord teach me words so that something can be said about the fourth water; His favor is truly needed, even more than for the previous one, because in that earlier stage the soul still feels and isn't entirely dead — we can put it that way, since it is dead to the world. But as I said, it still has awareness enough to understand that it is in Him, and to feel its solitude, and it makes use of what is outward to make known what it feels, even if only by signs. In all prayer and the ways of it already described, the gardener does some work; though in these later stages the work comes with so much glory and consolation for the soul that it would never want to leave it; and so it isn't felt as work, but as glory. Here there is no feeling, only enjoying without understanding what is enjoyed: one understands that a good is being enjoyed in which all goods are enclosed together, but this good itself is not comprehended.2 All the senses are taken up in this joy, so that none is left free for anything else, inwardly or outwardly. Before, they were given leave, as I say, to make some show of the great joy they feel; here the soul enjoys incomparably more, and can make it understood far less, because no power remains in the body, nor does the soul have any left to communicate that joy.3

Union and Humility

Teresa explains the nature of divine union, exclaims at God's generosity, and humbly begs Him to limit favors due to her unworthiness.

At that time everything would be a great hindrance and torment to it, and an obstacle to its rest; and I say that if this is a union of all the faculties, then even if it wants to—I mean while it's in that union—it can't, and if it can, then it isn't union anymore.4 I don't know how to make clear what this thing they call union is, and what it is: mystical theology sets it out, though I don't know how to name the terms; nor do I know how to understand what mind is, or what difference it has from the soul or from the spirit either—everything seems like one thing to me; though the soul does sometimes go out of itself like a fire that is burning and has become a flame, and sometimes this fire grows with sudden force.5 This flame rises high above the fire, but that doesn't make it something different—it's the same flame that's in the fire. Your Graces will understand this, because I don't know how to say anything more about it in writing.6 What I want to make clear is what the soul feels when it's in this divine union. What union is has already been understood: it's two distinct things becoming one. O my Lord, how good You are! Blessed be You forever; let all things praise You, my God, for You've loved us so that we can truly speak of this communication You still hold with souls even in this exile; and even with those who are good it's great generosity and magnanimity: in short, it is Yours, my Lord, for You give as who You are.7 O infinite generosity, how magnificent Your works are!8 It astonishes anyone whose understanding is not occupied with earthly things that they should have none left for understanding truths.9 Then what sovereign favors do You grant to souls that have offended You so greatly? Truly, it wears out my understanding, and when I come to think about this, I can't go any further. Where can it go that wouldn't be turning back? So when it comes to thanking You for such great favors, it doesn't know how.10 Sometimes I get by with talking nonsense.11 It often happens to me, when I have just received these favors, or when God is beginning to grant them to me (for while I am in them, as I have already said, there is no power to do anything), to say: Lord, look what You are doing; do not so quickly forget such great evils of mine. Since You have forgotten them in order to forgive me, I beg You to remember them so as to put a limit on the favors.1213 Do not put, my Creator, such precious liquor in such a broken vessel, for You have already seen other times that I spill it again. Do not put a treasure like this where the craving for the consolations of this life is not yet lost completely, as it ought to be, for it will waste it badly.14 How can You give the strength of this city, and the keys of its fortress, to such a cowardly warden that at the enemies' first assault he lets them come inside?15 Do not let love be so great, O eternal King, that You put such precious jewels at risk.16 It seems, my Lord, that this gives occasion for them to be held cheap, since you put them in the power of something so wretched, so low, so weak and miserable, and of so little substance; that even if she strives not to lose them with your favor (and no small favor is needed, given what I am), she cannot turn them to anyone's gain.17 In short: a woman, and not a good one, but a wretched one. It seems the talents are not only hidden, but buried by being put in such wretched soil.18 It is not your way, Lord, to do such great works and favors for one soul except so that she may benefit many.19 You already know, my God, that with my whole will and heart I beg this of you, and have begged it of you at times, and I count it good to lose the greatest good possessed on earth, so that you may grant these favors to someone who will profit more by this good, so that your glory may grow.20 These and other things I have often found myself saying. Afterwards I saw my foolishness and little humility; for the Lord well knows what is fitting, and that there was no strength in my soul to save itself if His Majesty did not give it that strength by so many favors.21

Degrees of Grace and the Virtue of Obedience

Teresa discusses the effects of grace, the difference between union and rapture, and the role of obedience in receiving divine help to write.

I also mean to speak of the graces and effects that remain in the soul, and of what it can do of itself, or whether it plays a part in reaching so great a state. It happens that this raising of the spirit, or joining with heavenly love, occurs; and as I understand it, the union itself differs from the raising.22 Anyone who hasn't experienced the latter will think they aren't different; and in my view, though it's all one, the Lord works in a different way—in the growth of detaching the soul from creatures, and much more in the flight of the spirit.23 I've clearly seen that it's a particular favor, even though, as I say, it's all one, or seems so; but a small fire is still fire, just as a great one is, and you can already see the difference between the two. With a small fire, a long time passes before a small piece of iron becomes a glowing coal; but if the fire is great, even if the iron is larger, in a very short time it seems to lose its own nature entirely. That’s how I see these two kinds of favors from the Lord, and I know that anyone who has experienced raptures will understand it well. If they haven't experienced it, it will seem like nonsense to them—and that may well be; because for someone like me to try to speak about such a thing and convey even a little of what seems impossible to put into words, it's no wonder I sound like I'm talking nonsense. But I believe this of the Lord (His Majesty knows that after obeying, my intention is to make souls hungry for so high a good): that He will help me in it.24 I won't say anything I haven't experienced a great deal; and it's true that when I began to write about this last water, it seemed impossible to me to know how to treat the subject—any more than speaking Greek, it's that hard; so I left it and went to Communion.25 Blessed be the Lord who favors the ignorant like this.26 Oh virtue of obedience—you can do everything! God clarified my understanding, sometimes with words, and at other times by setting before me how I was to say it, so that (as He did in the prayer just past) His Majesty seems to want to say what I myself neither can nor know how to. What I'm saying is entirely true; and so, whatever is good, the teaching is His; what's bad—that's clear.27 It belongs to the ocean of evils that I am. And so I say that if there should be people who have reached the things of prayer which the Lord has granted this miserable woman (and there must be many), and wanted to talk these things over with me because they seemed to them misguided, the Lord would help His servant so that His truth might win through.28

The Prayer of Quiet and Suspension of the Senses

Teresa describes the prayer of quiet, where the senses fail and the soul is suspended in delight, with the will holding the thread.

Now, thinking about this water that comes from heaven to fill and soak this whole garden with its abundance—if the Lord never stopped giving it whenever it was needed, you can imagine how much rest the gardener would have; and if there were no winter, but the weather were always mild, flowers and fruit would never be lacking: you can imagine what delight there would be. But while we live, that's impossible. There must always be care that when one water fails, you look for the other. This water from heaven often comes when the gardener is paying least attention. It's true that at the beginning it almost always comes after long mental prayer; for from one degree to another the Lord comes to take this little bird and set it in the nest so it can rest. Since He has seen it flying a long while, trying with understanding and will and with all its strength to seek God and please Him, He wants to give it the reward even in this life—and what a great reward, that a single moment is enough to repay all the labors there can be in it!29 While the soul is seeking God like this, it feels, with a very great and gentle delight, that it is almost fainting entirely in a kind of swoon, as its breath and all its bodily strength begin to fail; so that it can't even move its hands except with great difficulty; its eyes close without it wanting to close them; and if it keeps them open, it sees almost nothing; nor, if it reads, can it manage to say a letter, or almost even recognize one clearly: it sees that there are letters, but since the understanding doesn't help, it doesn't know how to read, even if it wants to; it hears, but doesn't understand what it hears. So the senses are of no use at all, except that they keep her from being left entirely to her pleasure — and so they actually hinder her.30 Speaking is useless, for she can't manage to form a word, nor is there strength left to pronounce it, even if she could manage it; because all outward strength is lost, and it increases in the soul's, so that she can better enjoy her glory.31 The outward delight that is felt is great, and very unmistakable. This prayer does no harm, however long it lasts; at least it never harmed me, nor do I remember the Lord ever granting me this favor, however unwell I was, that left me feeling worse — rather I was left much improved. But what harm can such a great good do? The outward effects are so unmistakable that there can be no doubt there was a great cause, since it took away her strength with such delight in order to leave them greater.32 It's true that at the beginning it passes in so short a time (at least that's how it used to happen to me) that neither these outward signs nor the failing of the senses make it so clear when it passes briefly; but from the abundance of the favors you can well tell that the clarity of the sun that has been there was great, since it has melted the soul so. Note this: in my opinion, however long the soul stays in this suspension of all the faculties, it's still quite brief. If it lasted half an hour, that would be a great deal; it never seemed to me that I was in it that long. It's true that you can hardly tell how long you're in it, since you don't feel it; but I say that at one stretch it's a very short space before some faculty comes back to itself.33 The will is what holds the thread, but the other two faculties quickly start to bother again; since the will is still, it suspends them again, and they stay quiet a little longer and then come back to life.34 In this way, some hours of prayer can pass—and they do. Once the two faculties begin to get drunk and taste that divine wine, they easily lose themselves again so as to be far more gained; they accompany the will, and all three rejoice together. But this being lost completely, and without any imagining of anything at all (which to my mind is also lost completely), I say lasts only a brief space; though they don't return to themselves so completely that they can't remain for some hours as if dazed, while God little by little gathers them back to Himself.35

Knowing by Not Knowing

Teresa reflects on the ineffable interior experience of union, where the soul understands by not understanding, and learns of God's presence in all things.

Now let's turn to the interior of what the soul feels here; let whoever knows it say so, for it can't be understood, much less put into words. I was thinking, when I wanted to write this (having just received Communion and been in this same prayer I'm writing about), what the soul was doing at that time.36 The Lord said these words to me: "She is being undone entirely, daughter, so she may be more deeply set in Me; it is no longer she who lives, but I. Because she cannot comprehend what she understands, it is understanding by not understanding."37 Whoever has experienced it will understand something of this, because it can't be said more clearly, since what happens there is so obscure. I can only say that it seems one is joined with God, and a certainty remains that in no way can one stop believing it.38 Here all the faculties fail, and they are suspended in such a way that in no way (as I've said) can one tell that they are acting. If she was thinking about a passage, it vanishes from memory as if she had never had any thought of it; if she is reading, there is no hold on what she was reading, and no way to stay with it; if she is praying, the same.39 So this bothersome little butterfly of the memory has its wings burned here; it can't flutter about anymore. The will must be thoroughly occupied in loving, but it doesn't understand how it loves; the understanding, if it understands, doesn't understand how it understands—at least it can't grasp anything of what it understands: to me it doesn't seem that it understands, because, as I say, it isn't understood; I still can't make sense of this. At first my own ignorance got the better of me: I didn't know that God is in all things. And since He seemed so present to me, it seemed impossible that He wasn't—I couldn't stop believing He was there, because it seemed almost clear that I had understood His very presence to be there.40 People without learning told me He was present only by grace; I couldn't believe it, because, as I say, He seemed present to me, and so I went around distressed.41 A very learned man from the Order of the glorious patriarch Saint Dominic cleared up this doubt; he told me that God is present, and how He communicates Himself to us, which comforted me greatly. It's worth noting and understanding that this water from heaven—this tremendous favor of the Lord—always leaves the soul with tremendous gains, as I'll now describe.

Read the original Spanish

En que trata del cuarto grado de oracion; comienza á declarar por ecelente manera la gran dinidad que el Señor pone á el alma que está en este estado, es para animar mucho á los que tratan oracion, para que se esfuercen de llegar á tan alto estado, pues se puede alcanzar en la tierra; aunque no por merecerlo, sino por la bondad del Señor, Léase con advertencia; porque se declara por muy delicado modo, y tiene cosas mucho de notar.

El Señor me enseñe palabras como se pueda decir algo de la cuarta agua; bien es menester su favor, aun mas que para pasada; porque en ella aun siente el alma no está muerta del todo, que ansí lo podemos decir, pues lo está al mundo. Mas como dije, tiene sentido para entender que está en él, y sentir su soledad, y aprovéchase de lo exterior para dar á entender lo que siente, siquiera por señas. En toda la oracion y modos de ella, que queda dicho, alguna cosa trabaja el hortolano; aunque en estas postreras va el trabajo acompañado de tanta gloria y consuelo del alma, que jamás querria salir dél; y ansí no se siente por trabajo, sino por gloria. Acá no hay sentir, sino gozar sin entender lo que se goza: entiéndese que se goza un bien, adonde juntos se encierran todos los bienes, mas no se conprende este bien. Ocúpanse todos los sentidos en este gozo, de manera, que no queda ninguno desocupado para poder en otra cosa interior, ni exteriormente. Antes dábaseles licencia, para que como digo hagan algunas muestras del gran gozo que sienten; acá el alma goza mas sin conparacion, y puédese dar á entender muy menos; porque no queda poder en el cuerpo, ni el alma le tiene para poder comunicar aquel gozo.

En aquel tienpo todo le sería gran embarazo y tormento, y estorbo de su descanso; y digo, que si es union de todas las potencias, que aunque quiera (estando en ella digo) no puede, y si puede ya no es union. El cómo es esta que llaman union, y lo que es, yo no lo sé dar á entender: en la mística teulogía se declara, que yo los vocablos no sabré nombrarlos; ni sé entender, qué es mente, ni qué diferencia tenga del alma ú espíritu tampoco: todo me parece una cosa; bien que el alma alguna vez sale de sí mesma á manera de un fuego que está ardiendo y hecho llama, y algunas veces crece este fuego con ímpetu. Esta llama sube muy arriba del fuego, mas no por eso es cosa diferente, sino la mesma llama que está en el fuego. Esto vuesas mercedes lo entenderán, que yo no lo sé mas decir con sus letras.

Lo que yo pretendo declarar es, qué siente el alma cuando está en esta divina union. Lo que es union, ya se está entendido, que es, dos cosas divisas hacerse una. ¡Oh Señor mio, qué bueno sois! Bendito seais para siempre; alaben os, Dios mio, todas las cosas, que ansí nos amastes de manera, que con verdad podamos hablar de esta comunicacion, que aun en este destierro teneis con las almas; y aun con las que son buenas es gran largueza y mananimidad: en fin, vuestra, Señor mio, que dais como quien sois. ¡Oh largueza infinita, cuán maníficas son vuestras obras! Espanta á quien no tiene ocupado el entendimiento en cosas de la tierra, que no tenga ninguno para entender verdades. ¡Pues qué hagais á almas, que tanto os han ofendido, mercedes tan soberanas? Cierto á mí me acaba el entendimiento, y cuando llego á pensar en esto, no puedo ir adelante.

¿Dónde ha de ir que no sea tornar atrás? Pues daros gracias por tan grandes mercedes, no sabe cómo. Con decir disbarates me remedio algunas veces. Acaéceme muchas, cuando acabo de recibir estas mercedes, ú me las comienza Dios á hacer (que estando en ellas, ya he dicho, que no hay poder hacer nada) decir: Señor, mirá lo que haceis, no olvideis tan presto tan grandes males mios, ya que para perdonarme los hayais olvidado, para poner tasa en las mercedes os suplico se os acuerde. No pongais, Criador mio, tan precioso licor en vaso tan quebrado, pues habeis ya visto de otras veces, que lo torno á derramar. No pongais tesoro semejante, adonde aun no está, como ha de estar, perdida del todo la codicia de consolaciones de la vida, que lo gastará mal gastado. ¿Cómo dais la fuerza de esta ciudad, y llaves de la fortaleza de ella á tan cobarde alcaide, que al primer conbate de los enemigos los deja entrar dentro? No sea tanto el amor oh Rey eterno, que pongais en aventura joyas tan preciosas.

Parece, Señor mio, se da ocasion para que se tengan en poco, pues las poneis en poder de cosa tan ruin, tan baja, tan flaca y miserable, y de tan poco tomo; que ya que trabaje para no las perder con vuestro favor (y no es menester pequeño, sigun yo soy) no puede dar con ellas á ganar á nadie. En fin, mujer y no buena, sino ruin. Parece, que no solo se esconden los talentos, sino que se entierran en ponerlos en tierra tan astrosa. No soleis vos, Señor, hacer semejantes grandezas y mercedes á un alma, sino para que aproceche á muchas. Ya sabeis, Dios mio, que de toda voluntad y corazon os lo suplico y ho suplicado algunas veces, y tengo por bien de perder el mayor bien que se poseo en la tierra, porque las hagais vos á quien con este bien mas aproveche, porque crezca vuestra gloria. Estas y otras cosas me ha acaecido decir muchas veces. Via despues mi necedad y poca humildad; porque bien sabe el Señor lo que conviene y que no habia fuerzas en mi alma para salvarse, si su Majestad con tantas mercedes no se las pusiera.

Tambien pretendo decir las gracias y efetos, que quedan en el alma, y qué es lo que puede de suyo hacer, ó si es parte para llegar á tan grande estado. Acaece venir este levantamiento de espíritu ú juntamiento con el amor celestial; que, á mi entender, es diferente la union del levantamiento en esta mesma union. A quien no lo hubiere probado lo postrero, parecerle ha que no; y á mi parecer, que con ser todo uno, obra el Señor de diferente manera, y en el crecimiento de desasir el alma de las criaturas, mas mucho en el vuelo del espíritu. Yo he visto claro ser particular merced, aunque, como digo, sea todo uno, ú lo parezca; mas un fuego pequeño tambien es fuego como un grande, y ya se ve la diferencia que hay de lo uno á lo otro. En un fuego pequeño, primero que un hierro pequeño se hace ascua, pasa mucho espacio; mas si el fuego es grande, aunque sea mayor el hierro, en muy poquito pierde del todo su ser al parecer.

Ansí me parece es en estas dos maneras de mercedes del Señor; y sé que quien hubiere llegado á arrobamientos lo entenderá bien: si no lo ha probado, parecerle ha desatino, y ya puede ser; porque querer una como yo hablar en una cosa tal y dar á entender algo de lo que parece inposible aun haber palabras con que lo comenzar, no es mucho que desatine.

Mas creo esto del Señor (que sabe su Majestad que despues de obedecer, es mi intencion engolosinar las almas de un bien tan alto) que me ha en ello de ayudar. No diré cosa que no la haya expirimentado mucho; y es ansí que cuando comencé esta postrer agua á escribir que me parecia inposible saber tratar cosa, mas que hablar en griego, que ansí es ello dificultoso; con esto lo dejé y fuí á comulgar. Bendito sea el Señor que ansí favorece á los inorantes. ¡Oh virtud de obedecer, que todo lo puedes! Aclaró Dios mi entendimiento, unas veces con palabras, y otras poniéndome delante cómo lo habia de decir, que (como hizo en la oracion pasada) su Majestad parece quiere decir lo que yo no puedo ni sé. Esto que digo es entera verdad, y ansi lo que fuere bueno, es suya la doctrina; lo malo, está claro. es del piélago de los males, que soy yo: y ansí digo, que si hubiere personas, que hayan llegado á las cosas de oracion, que el Señor ha hecho merced á esta miserable (que debe haber muchas) y quisiesen tratar estas cosas conmigo, pareciéndoles descaminadas, que ayudaria el Señor á su sierva, para que saliese con su verdad adelante.

Ahora hablando de esta agua, que viene del cielo, para con su abundancia henchir y hartar todo este huerto de agua, si nunca dejara, cuando la hubiera menester, de darla el Señor, ya se ve que descanso tuviera el hortolano; y á no haber ivierno, sino ser siempre el tiempo templado, nunca faltaran flores y frutas: ya se ve que deleite tuviera; mas, mientras vivimos, es imposible. Siempre ha de haber cuidado de, cuando faltare la una agua, procurar la otra. Esta del cielo viene muchas veces, cuando mas descuidado está el hortolano. Verdad es que á los principios casi siempre es despues de larga oracion mental; que de un grado en otro viene el Señor á tomar esta avecita, y ponerla en el nido, para que descanse: como la ha visto volar mucho rato, procurando con el entendimiento y voluntad, y con todas sus fuerzas buscar á Dios, y contentarle, quiérela dar el premio, aun en esta vida; ¡y qué gran premio, que basta un momento para quedar pagados todos los trabajos que en ella puede haber!

Estando ansí el alma buscando á Dios, siente con un deleite grandísimo y suave, casi desfallecer toda con una manera de desmayo, que le va faltando el huelgo y todas las fuerzas corporales; de manera que, si no es con mucha pena, no puede aun menear las manos; los ojos se le cierran sin quererlos cerrar; y si los tiene abiertos, no ve casi nada; ni si lee, acierta á decir letra, ni casi atina á conocerla bien: ve que hay letra, mas, como el entendimiento no ayuda, no sabe leer, aunque quiera; oye, mas no entiende lo que oye. Ansí que de los sentidos no se aprovecha nada, sino es para no la acabar de dejar a su placer, y ansí antes la dañan. Hablar es por demás, que no atina a formar palabra, ni hay fuerza ya que atinase para poderla pronunciar; porque toda la fuerza exterior se pierde, y se aumenta en las del alma, para mijor poder gozar de su gloria. El deleite exterior que se siente es grande, y muy conocido. Esta oración no hace daño por larga que sea; al menos a mí nunca me le hizo, ni me acuerdo hacerme el Señor ninguna vez esta merced por mala que estuviese, que sintiese mal, antes quedaba con gran mejoria. Mas ¿qué mal puede hacer tan gran bien? Es cosa tan conocida las operaciones exteriores, que no se puede dudar, que hubo gran ocasión, pues ansí quitó las fuerzas con tanto deleite, para dejarlas mayores.

Verdad es, que á los principios pasa en tan breve tiempo (al menos a mí ansí me acaecia), que en estas señales exteriores, ni en la falta de los sentidos, no se da tanto a entender, cuando pasa con brevedad; mas bien se entiende en la sobra de las mercedes, que ha sido grande la claridad del sol que ha estado allí, pues ansí la ha derretido. Y nótese esto, que á mi parecer, por largo que sea el espacio de estar el alma en esta suspension de todas las potencias, es bien breve; cuando estuviese media hora, es muy mucho: yo nunca á mi parecer, estuve tanto. Verdad es, que se puede mal sentir lo que se está, pues no se siente; mas digo, que de una vez es muy poco espacio sin tornar alguna potencia en sí. La voluntad es la que mantiene la tela, mas las otras dos potencias presto tornan a importunar; como la voluntad está queda, tórnalas a suspender, y están otro poco y tornan a vivir. En esto se pueden pasar algunas horas de oracion y se pasan; porque comenzadas las dos potencias a emborrachar, y gustar de aquel vino divino, con facilidad se tornan a perder de sí, para estar muy más ganadas; y acompañan a la voluntad, y se gozan todas tres. Mas este estar perdidas del todo, y sin ninguna imaginacion en nada (que a mi entender tambien se pierde del todo) digo que es breve espacio; aunque no tan del todo tornan en sí, que no puedan estar algunas horas como desatinadas, tornando de poco en poco á cogerlas Dios consigo.

Ahora vengamos a lo interior de lo que el alma aquí siente; dígalo quien lo sabe, que no se puede entender, cuanto mas decir. Estaba yo pensando cuando quise escribir esto (acabando de comulgar, y de estar en esta mesma oracion que escribo) qué hacia el alma en aquel tiempo. Díjome el Señor estas palabras: Deshácese toda, hija, para ponerse más en mí; ya no es ella la que vive, sino yo; como no puede comprender lo que entiende, es no entender entendiendo. Quien lo hubiere probado entenderá algo desto, porque no se puede decir mas claro, por ser tan escuro lo que allí pasa. Solo podré decir, que se representa estar junto con Dios, y queda una certidumbre, que en ninguna manera se puede dejar de creer. Aquí faltan todas las potencias, y se suspenden de manera, que en ninguna manera (como he dicho) se entiende que obran. Si estaba pensando en un paso, ansí se pierde de la memoria, como si nunca la hubiere habido dél: si lee, en lo que leia no hay acuerdo ni parar; si rezar, tampoco. Ansí que a esta mariposilla importuna de la memoria, aquí se le queman las alas, ya no puede más bullir.

La voluntad debe estar bien ocupada en amar, mas no entiende cómo ama; el entendimiento, si entiende, no se entiende cómo entiende, al menos no puede comprender nada de lo que entiende: á mí no me parece que entiende; porque, como digo, no se entiende: yo no acabo de entender esto.

Acaecióme a mí una inorancia al principio, que no sabia que estaba Dios en todas las cosas; y, como me parecía estar tan presente, pareciame imposible: dejar de creer que estaba allí no podia, por parecerme casi claro había entendido estar allí su mesma presencia. Los que no tenian letras, me decian que estaba solo por gracia; yo no lo podia creer; porque, como digo, parecíame estar presente, y ansí, andaba con pena. Un gran letrado de la órden del glorioso patriarca Santo Domingo me quitó de esta duda; que me dijo estar presente, y cómo se comunicaba con nosotros, que me consoló harto. Es de notar y entender, que siempre esta agua del cielo, este grandísimo favor del Señor, deja el alma con grandísimas ganancias, como ahora diré.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩Early-modern spellings ecelente and dinidad are read as excelente and dignidad (excellent; dignity).
  2. 2 ↩Source spelling "conprende" read as "comprende" (is comprehended).
  3. 3 ↩Source spelling "conparacion" read as "comparación" (comparison).
  4. 4 ↩Spanish embarazo here means hindrance/encumbrance, not pregnancy; estorbo = obstacle. The object of no puede is left elliptical from the previous section (communicating/acting while in the joy).
  5. 5 ↩mente / alma / espíritu: Teresa declines scholastic distinctions among mind, soul, and spirit; keep the terms and her confessed inability to separate them.
  6. 6 ↩vuesas mercedes = polite address to confessors/readers of rank (Your Graces/Honors). con sus letras most naturally = in writing / with letters; an alternate reading is 'with your learning'.
  7. 7 ↩Source reads "mananimidad"; translated as magnanimity (Spanish magnanimidad).
  8. 8 ↩Source reads "maníficas"; translated as magnificent (Spanish magníficas).
  9. 9 ↩Compressed older Spanish: the astonishment falls on the paradox that a mind free of earthly preoccupations would still lack capacity for truths.
  10. 10 ↩mercedes rendered as favors (divine gifts), not merely mercies in the forgiveness sense.
  11. 11 ↩Source disbarates read as disparates (nonsense / foolish talk).
  12. 12 ↩Acaéceme muchas taken as elliptical for muchas veces; ú read as o (or).
  13. 13 ↩poner tasa en las mercedes: set a measure/limit on the favors—she asks God to remember her sins so as not to lavish gifts without bound.
  14. 14 ↩mal gastado rendered as waste it badly (emphatic Spanish doublet of wasteful spending).
  15. 15 ↩Source conbate read as combate (assault / combat).
  16. 16 ↩poner en aventura rendered as put at risk (set in hazard).
  17. 17 ↩"de tan poco tomo": rendered as "of so little substance" (worth/capacity); alternate: "of so little account."
  18. 18 ↩"astrosa" taken as wretched/foul (astroso); soil metaphor continues the talents burial image.
  19. 19 ↩Source "aproceche" corrected to intended "aproveche" (benefit/profit).
  20. 20 ↩Source "ho" read as "he"; "se poseo" read as "se posee".
  21. 21 ↩"no se las pusiera": "las" most naturally resumes "fuerzas"; rendered as God putting/giving those strengths to the soul through many favors.
  22. 22 ↩Teresa distinguishes, within one overarching union, simple unión from levantamiento de espíritu (raising/flight of the spirit). Rendered as 'raising' to keep the lift/ascent image without forcing 'rapture' here.
  23. 23 ↩mas mucho taken as 'and much more' / 'but much more' (más), marking a stronger effect in the spirit's flight than in ordinary growth of detachment.
  24. 24 ↩engolosinar: literally to whet the appetite for something delicious; rendered as 'make souls hungry for' to keep Teresa's concrete savor-and-desire force.
  25. 25 ↩Source reading 'expirimentado' treated as intended 'experimentado' (experienced).
  26. 26 ↩Source reading 'inorantes' treated as intended 'ignorantes' (the ignorant).
  27. 27 ↩Ellipsis after 'lo malo, está claro' is completed in the next sentence ('es del piélago de los males...'): the bad is hers, the good teaching is God's.
  28. 28 ↩piélago de los males: Teresa's characteristic self-abasement image; rendered 'ocean of evils' to keep the depth/immensity force without softening into vague 'mess of failings'.
  29. 29 ↩oración mental kept as 'mental prayer'. avecita rendered as 'little bird' (the soul). 'en ella' taken with 'esta vida'; labors of the spiritual life also plausible.
  30. 30 ↩"no la acabar de dejar a su placer": the senses interfere enough that the soul is not left wholly free to enjoy the grace at her pleasure; "antes la dañan" means they rather harm/hinder that enjoyment.
  31. 31 ↩Source spelling "mijor" read as "mejor" (better).
  32. 32 ↩"hubo gran ocasión" rendered as "there was a great cause" (a real, sufficient occasion/cause for the effects), not mere opportunity. Singular "quitó" kept as "it" (the favor/delight).
  33. 33 ↩"se puede mal sentir lo que se está, pues no se siente": Teresa means duration is poorly sensed because the experience itself is not felt as timed duration; rendered as inability to tell how long one remains.
  34. 34 ↩"mantiene la tela": weaving/web metaphor for the will keeping the prayer-state going; rendered "holds the thread." The other two faculties are memory and understanding.
  35. 35 ↩Parenthesis "que a mi entender tambien se pierde del todo" most naturally refers to the imagination also being wholly lost; rendered accordingly.
  36. 36 ↩Source 'hacia' is read as hacía ('was doing'), the expected early-modern spelling without accent.
  37. 37 ↩'Deshácese toda' rendered as 'being undone entirely' (mystical self-dissolution into God), not mere emotional breakdown.
  38. 38 ↩'Se representa' rendered as experiential seeming/impression ('it seems'), not theatrical representation.
  39. 39 ↩'Paso' taken as a meditated passage/scene (common in Teresa), not a physical step. 'Acuerdo ni parar' rendered as grip/hold and staying with the text.
  40. 40 ↩Early-modern punctuation leaves 'parecíame imposible' elliptical. Rendered as the felt impossibility of denying God's presence, given the intensity of the experience and her ignorance that God is in all things by essence.
  41. 41 ↩'Solo por gracia' contrasts presence by grace with God's presence by essence/immensity, which Teresa says she did not yet understand.

The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila companion

A daily portion of stillness

Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.

Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.

  • Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
  • A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
  • Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent
Chosen Portion — Daily Prayer (free iOS app) →