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Chapter 17TeresaVida.1.17

Capítulo XVI

The Third Water: The Sleep of the Faculties

Teresa explains the third degree of prayer, where the soul is watered by a river of grace, and the faculties fall into a sweet and glorious sleep, unable to understand or describe the experience.

It deals with the third stage of prayer, and goes on to explain things that are very well known—what the soul that reaches this point can do, and the effects these great favors from the Lord produce. It's well suited to lift the spirit in praise of God and to bring great consolation to anyone who reaches this point. Let's turn now to the third water with which this garden is watered: running water from a river or a spring. With it the garden is watered with far less work, though guiding the water still takes some effort. Here the Lord wants to help the gardener in such a way that He Himself is almost the gardener, and the one who does everything. It's a sleep of the faculties: they aren't wholly lost, nor do they understand how they're working.1 The pleasure and sweetness and delight are beyond comparison greater than what went before. It is that the water of grace is given right up to this soul's throat, so that it can no longer go forward—nor does it know how—nor turn back: it would want to enjoy the greatest glory.2 It's like someone holding a candle in his hand, who has little left before dying a death he longs for.3 It is rejoicing in that agony with the greatest delight that can be told. It doesn't seem to me to be anything else but an almost complete dying to all the things of the world, and rejoicing in God. I don't know any other terms in which to say it, or how to explain it; and at that moment the soul doesn't know what to do, because it doesn't know whether to speak or keep silent, whether to laugh or weep. It's a glorious folly, a heavenly madness, where true wisdom is learned, and it's a most delightful way for the soul to rejoice. And so it is: it's been, I think, five or even six years since the Lord gave me this prayer in abundance, and many times, and I neither understood it nor would have known how to describe it; and so, when I reached this point, I resolved for myself to say very little, or nothing at all.4 I well understood that it wasn't a complete union of all the faculties, and that it was very clearly more than the previous one; but I confess that I couldn't determine or understand what this difference was.

The Effects of the Third Water

Teresa describes the effects of this prayer on the soul, including the desire to praise God, the holy foolishness, and the joy that comes from the Lord, illustrated by the woman in the Gospel and King David.

I believe that because of the humility Your Reverence has shown in being willing to take help from someone as simple as I am, the Lord gave me this prayer today, just after I had received Communion, when I couldn't go any further; and He put these comparisons before me and taught me how to speak of it and what the soul is to do here — and indeed I was astonished and understood it in an instant.5 Many times I was like that, as if beside myself, drunk with this love, and I'd never been able to understand how it was. I clearly understood that it was God, but I couldn't understand how He was working here; because, in truth, the faculties are almost entirely united, but not so absorbed that they stop working.6 I've been extremely glad to have understood it now. Blessed be the Lord, who has favored me like this.7 The faculties can only occupy themselves entirely with God; it seems none of them dares to stir, nor can we make any of them move — unless we wanted to distract ourselves with great effort, and even then I don't think it could be done completely.8 Here, many words are spoken in praise of God, without order — unless the Lord Himself puts them in order; the understanding is of no use here: the soul would want to cry out in praises, and it can't contain itself — a delicious restlessness.9 Already, already the flowers are opening; already they begin to give off fragrance. Here the soul would want everyone to see it and understand its glory for the praise of God, and that they would help it, and to give them a share of its joy, because it cannot enjoy so much alone. It seems to me it's like the woman the Gospel speaks of, who wanted to call — or was calling — her neighbors. This, it seems to me, is what the admirable spirit of the royal prophet David must have felt when he played and sang with the harp in praise of God. I myself am very devoted to this glorious king, and I'd want everyone to be, especially those of us who are sinners. Oh, God help me—what a state a soul is in when it's like this! She would want her whole self to be tongues, so she could praise the Lord. She says a thousand holy absurdities, always hitting the mark of pleasing the One who holds her so.10 I know a person who, though she wasn't a poet, would suddenly compose deeply felt verses that expressed her pain well—not made by her intellect, but rather, so she could enjoy still more the glory that such a delicious pain was giving her, she would complain of it to her God.11 She would want her whole body and soul torn to pieces to show the joy she feels in this pain. What torments could then be set before her that she wouldn't find it sweet to endure for her Lord? She sees clearly that the martyrs did almost nothing on their own part in enduring torments, because the soul knows well that the strength comes from elsewhere. But how will she feel about coming back to her senses to live in the world, and having to return to its cares and formalities?12 So I don't think I've praised anything that doesn't still fall short of this kind of joy the Lord wants a soul to enjoy in this exile.13 Blessed be You forever, Lord; may all things praise You forever.14

Holy Longing and Spiritual Freedom

Teresa expresses her deep longing for God, proposes a secret spiritual friendship for mutual correction, and calls for the freedom that comes from hating the world and living for God alone.

I beg You now, my King: since as I write this I'm not free of this holy heavenly madness — by Your goodness and mercy, for You grant me this favor so far beyond any merit of mine — let all those I deal with be mad with love for You; or allow that I deal with no one; or arrange it, Lord, so that I no longer care about anything in the world; or take me out of it. This servant of Yours can no longer bear, my God, so many trials as come to her from finding herself without You; for if she is to live, she wants no rest in this life — and do not give her any. This soul would already like to be free: eating kills it, sleeping distresses it. It sees that the time of life is spent on comfort, and that nothing can delight it anymore outside of You; for it seems to live against nature, since it no longer wants to live in itself, but in You. O true Lord and my glory, what a delicate and crushing cross You have prepared for those who reach this state! Delicate, because it's gentle; heavy, because there are times when no endurance can bear it; and yet one would never want to be free of it, except to be already with You. When it remembers that it has served You in nothing and that by living it can serve You, it would want a much heavier load, and never to die until the end of the world: it counts its rest as nothing in exchange for doing You even a small service; it doesn't know what to desire, but it knows well that it desires nothing but You. Oh my son! (who is so humble that he wants to be called that—the one I'm addressing, and who ordered me to write it)—let the things where I see I've gone too far be for you alone; for there is no reason strong enough to keep me from leaving reason behind when the Lord draws me out of myself. Nor do I believe I am the one who has been speaking since I received Communion this morning: it seems I'm dreaming what I see, and I'd want to see no one except those sick with this same illness I'm in now.15 I beg Your Reverence that we all be mad, for love of the One who was called mad for our sake; since Your Reverence says you love me, I want you to show it by preparing yourself so that God may grant you this favor—because I see very few people who aren't carrying more worldly sense than is good for them.16 It may well be that I have more of that than anyone; don't allow it in me, my father, since you are my confessor and the one to whom I've entrusted my soul. Set me straight with the truth, for these truths are little used.17 This is the agreement I'd like us five—who right now love one another in Christ—to make: that just as others in these times used to gather in secret against His Majesty and to arrange wickedness and heresies, we would try to meet sometimes to undeceive one another and talk about how we could improve ourselves and please God more; for no one knows himself as well as those who look at us do, if they look with love and with care to help us grow. I say this in secret, because this language isn't used anymore. Even the preachers keep shaping their sermons so as not to displease; they'll have a good intention, and the work will be good too, but few are amended that way.18 But why aren't there many who leave public vices because of the sermons? Do you know what I think? Because those who preach them have too much worldly sense.19 They are not burning with the great fire of the love of God as the apostles were, and so this flame gives little heat: I'm not saying it should be as great as theirs was, but I'd want it to be more than what I see.20 Do you know, Your Grace, what ought to go much further?21 On already having grown to hate this life and hold honor in little esteem, so that it no longer hurts them any more to lose everything than to gain everything, in exchange for speaking a truth and upholding it for God's glory; for whoever truly has everything at stake for God bears the one as readily as the other.✦22 I'm not saying I am that kind of person, but I wish I were. Oh, what great freedom! To consider it captivity to have to live and deal according to the world's laws; for once this freedom is obtained from the Lord, there is no slave who won't risk everything to ransom himself and return to his own land.2324 And since this is the true path, we must not stop on it, for we will never finish gaining such a great treasure until life itself is over. May the Lord give us His favor for this. Tear up what I've said, Your Reverence, if it seems best to you, and take it as a letter for yourself — and forgive me, for I've been very bold.25

Read the original Spanish

Trata del tercer grado de oracion, y va declarando cosas muy sabidas, y lo que puede el alma que llega aquí, y los efetos que hacen esas mercedes tan grandes del Señor. Es muy para levantar el espiritu en alabanzas de Dios, y para gran consuelo de quien llegare aquí.

Vengamos ahora á hablar de la tercera agua con que se riega esta huerta, que es agua corriente de rio ú de fuente, que se riega muy á menos trabajo, aunque alguno da el encaminar el agua. Quiere el Señor aquí ayudar á el hortolano de manera, que casi él es el hortolano, y el que lo hace todo. Es un sueño de las potencias, que ni del todo se pierden, ni entienden como obran. El gusto y suavidad y deleite es mas sin comparacion que lo pasado; es que da el agua de la gracia á la garganta á esta alma, que no pueda ya ir adelante, ni sabe cómo, ni tornar atrás: querria gozar de grandísima gloria. Es como uno que está con la candela en la mano, que le falta poco para morir muerte que la desea. Está gozando en aquel agonía con el mayor deleite que se puede decir: no me parece que es otra cosa, sino un morir casi del todo á todas las cosas del mundo, y estar gozando de Dios. Yo no sé otros términos como lo decir, ni como lo declarar, ni entonces sabe el alma que hacer; porque ni sabe si hable, ni si calle, ni se ria, ni si llore.

Es un glorioso desatino, una celestial locura, adonde se deprende la verdadera sabiduría, y es deleitosísima manera de gozar el alma. Y es ansí, que ha que me dió el Señor en abundancia esta oracion, creo cinco y aun seis años, y muchas veces, y que ni yo la entendia, ni la supiera decir; y ansí tenia por mí, llegada aquí, decir muy poco ú no nada. Bien entendia que no era del todo union de todas las potencias, y que era mas que la pasada muy claro; mas yo confieso, que no podia determinar y entender cómo era esta diferencia.

Creo, que por la humildad que vuesa merced ha tenido, en quererse ayudar de una simpleza tan grande como la mia, me dió el Señor hoy acabando de comulgar esta oracion, sin poder ir adelante, y me puso estas comparaciones, y enseñó la manera de decirlo, y lo que ha de hacer aquí el alma; que cierto yo me espanté y entendí en un punto.

Muchas veces estaba ansí como desatinada, embriagada en este amor, y jamás habia podido entender cómo era. Bien entendia que era Dios, mas no podia entender cómo obraba aquí; porque, en hecho de verdad, están casi del todo unidas las potencias, mas no tan engolfadas que no obren. Gustado he en extremo de haberlo ahora entendido. Bendito sea el Señor, que ansí me ha regalado.

Solo tienen habilidad las potencias para ocuparse todas en Dios; no parece se osa bullir ninguna, ni la podemos hacer menear, si con mucho estudio no quisiésemos divertirnos, y aun no me parece que del todo se podria entonces hacer. Háblanse aquí muchas palabras en alabanza de Dios, sin concierto, si el mesmo Señor no las concierta; al menos el entendimiento no vale aquí nada: querria dar voces en alabanzas el alma, y está que no cabe en sí, un desasosiego sabroso. Ya, ya se abren las flores, ya comienzan á dar olor. Aquí querria el alma que todos la viesen, y entendiesen su gloria para alabanzas de Dios, y que la ayudasen á ella, y darles parte de su gozo, porque no puede tanto gozar. Paréceme que es como la que dice el Evangelio, que queria llamar ó llamaba á sus vecinas. Esto me parece debia sentir el admirable espíritu del real profeta David, cuando tañia y cantaba con la arpa, en alabanzas de Dios. De este glorioso rey soy yo muy devota, y querria todos lo fuesen, en especial los que somos pecadores.

¡Oh, válame Dios, cuál está un alma cuando está ansí! toda ella querria fuese lenguas para alabar al Señor. Dice mil desatinos santos, atinando siempre á contentar á quien la tiene ansí. Yo sé persona, que con no ser poeta, le acaecia hacer de presto coplas muy sentidas declarando su pena bien; no hechas de su entendimiento, sino que para gozar mas la gloria, que tan sabrosa pena le daba, se quejaba de ella á su Dios. Todo su cuerpo y alma querria se despedazase para mostrar el gozo, que con esta pena siente. ¿Qué se le pondrá entonces delante de tormentos, que no le fuese sabroso pasarlo por su Señor? Ve claro que no hacian casi nada los mártires de su parte en pasar tormentos; porque conoce bien el alma, viene de otra parte la fortaleza. Más qué sentirá de tornar á tener seso para vivir en el mundo, y haber de tornar á los cuidados y cumplimientos dél?

Pues no me parece he encarecido cosa, que no quede baja en este modo de gozo, que el Señor quiere en este destierro que goce un alma. Bendito seais por sienpre, Señor, alaben os todas las cosas por siempre.

Quered ahora, Rey mio, suplícooslo yo, que pues cuando esto escribo, no estoy fuera de esta santa locura celestial por vuestra bondad y misericordia, que tan sin méritos mios me haceis esta merced, que lo estén todos los que yo tratare locos de vuestro amor, ú primitais que no trate yo con nadie, ú ordenad, Señor, como no tenga ya cuenta en cosa del mundo, ú me sacá de él. No puede ya, Dios mio, esta vuestra sierva sufrir tantos trabajos, como de verse sin vos le vienen; que si ha de vivir, no quiere descanso en esta vida, ni se le deis vos. Querria ya esta alma verse libre: el comer la mata, el dormir la congoja; . ve que se la pasa el tiempo de la vida pasar en regalo y que nada ya la puede regalar fuera de Vos; que parece vive contra natura, pues ya no querria vivir en sí, sino en Vos. ¡Oh verdadero Señor y gloria mia, qué delgada y pesadísima cruz teneis aparejada á los que llegan á este estado! Delgada, porque es suave; pesada, porque vienen veces, que no hay sufrimiento que la sufra; y no se querria jamás ver libre de ella, si no fuese para verse ya con Vos. Cuando se acuerda que no os ha servido en nada y que viviendo os puede servir, querria carga muy mas pesada, y nunca hasta la fin del mundo morirse: no tiene en nada su descanso á trueque de haceros un pequeño servicio; no sabe qué desee, mas bien entiende, que no desea otra cosa sino á Vos.

¡Oh hijo mio! (que es tan humilde, que ansí se quiere nombrar á quien va esto dirigido y me lo mandó escribir) sean solo para vos las cosas en que viere salgo de términos; porque no hay razon que baste á no me sacar de ella, cuando me saca el Señor de mí; ni creo soy yo la que hablo desde esta mañana que comulgué: parece que sueño lo que veo, y no querria ver sino enfermos de este mal que estoy yo ahora. Suplico á vuesa merced seamos todos locos, por amor de quien por nosotros se lo llamaron: pues dice vuesa merced que me quiere, en disponerse para que Dios le haga esta merced, quiero que me lo muestre; porque veo muy pocos, que no los vea con seso demasiado para lo que les cumple. Ya puede ser que tenga yo mas que todos; no me lo consienta vuesa merced, padre mio, pues es mi çonfesor y á quien he fiado mi alma; desengáñeme con verdad, que se usan muy poco estas verdades.

Este concierto querria hiciésemos los cinco que al presente nos amamos en Cristo, que como otros en estos tiempos se juntaban en secreto para contra su Majestad y ordenar maldades y herejías, procurásemos juntarnos alguna vez para desengañar unos á otros y decir en lo que podríamos enmendarnos y contentar mas á Dios; que no hay quien tan bien se conozca á sí, como conocen los que nos miran, si es con amor y cuidado de aprovecharnos. Digo en secreto, porque no se usa ya este lenguaje. Hasta los predicadores van ordenando sus sermones para no descontentar; buena intencion ternán, y la obra lo será, mas ansí se enmiendan pocos. Mas ¿cómo no son muchos los que por los sermones dejan los vicios públicos? ¿Sabe que me parece? porque tienen mucho seso los que los predican. No están sin el con el gran fuego del amor de Dios, como lo estaban los apóstoles, y ansí calienta poco esta llama: no digo yo sea tanta como ellos tenian, mas querria que fuese mas de lo que veo. ¿Sabe vuesa merced en qué debe de ir mucho?

En tener ya aborrecida la vida y en poca estima la honra, que no se les daha mas, á trueco de decir una verdad y sustentarla para gloria de Dios, perderlo todo, que ganarlo todo; que quien de veras lo tiene todo arriscado por Dios, igualmente lleva lo uno que lo otro. No digo yo que soy esta, mas querríalo ser. ¡Oh gran libertad! tener por cativerio haber de vivir y tratar conforme á las leyes del mundo; que como esta se alcance del Señor, no hay esclavo que no lo arrisque todo por rescatarse, y tornar á su tierra. Y pues este es el verdadero camino, no hay que parar en él, que nunca acabarémos de ganar tan gran tesoro, hasta que se nos acabe la vida. El Señor nos dé para esto su favor. Ronpa vuesa merced esto que he dicho, si le pareciere, y tómelo por carta para sí, y perdóneme, que he estado muy atrevida.

Scripture echoes

  1. ↩John.12.25 — Whoever loves their life loses it, and whoever hates their life in this world will keep it for eternal life.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩potencias rendered as "faculties" (memory, understanding, and will), Teresa's usual scholastic sense.
  2. 2 ↩á la garganta kept as the concrete image of grace-water reaching the throat: the soul flooded almost to choking, unable either to advance or retreat.
  3. 3 ↩candela en la mano evokes the common Catholic deathbed image of the dying person holding a candle, nearly dead and desiring that death.
  4. 4 ↩Spanish 'ha que me dió' is the older duration idiom (= 'hace que'): time elapsed since the gift of this prayer.
  5. 5 ↩vuesa merced rendered as Your Reverence (formal address to her confessor/director). simpleza kept as self-deprecating simplicity, not folly.
  6. 6 ↩Spanish potencias rendered as "faculties" (intellect, memory, will in Teresa's psychology). engolfadas rendered as "absorbed" for mystical immersion without losing the sense that they still act.
  7. 7 ↩regalado: Teresa's sense of spiritual favor/gifted consolation; rendered "favored" rather than the everyday "given a gift."
  8. 8 ↩Golden Age divertirnos here means to turn/distract the mind away (from God), not to amuse oneself.
  9. 9 ↩desasosiego sabroso is Teresa's oxymoron: a restlessness that is itself sweet/delightful.
  10. 10 ↩Spanish plays desatinos (nonsense / things that miss the mark) against atinando (hitting the mark): the soul's 'holy nonsense' somehow keeps landing right with God.
  11. 11 ↩sabrosa pena: Teresa's characteristic sweet/delicious pain of mystical longing; kept as 'delicious pain' to preserve the paradox.
  12. 12 ↩cumplimientos: worldly social courtesies and formal obligations, not mere 'compliments'.
  13. 13 ↩encarecido: to speak highly of / exalt in praise; rendered as 'praised' for the sense that whatever Teresa has exalted still remains inadequate to the joy described.
  14. 14 ↩sienpre read as siempre ('forever'); period spelling/variant, not a separate sense.
  15. 15 ↩"salgo de términos" / "sacar de ella": rendered as going beyond proper bounds and leaving reason behind under divine rapture; "ella" most naturally points back to razón/términos.
  16. 16 ↩"seso demasiado para lo que les cumple": worldly prudence/sense in excess of what profits them, contrasted with holy madness of love.
  17. 17 ↩"tenga yo mas que todos" continues the prior contrast with excess worldly sense (seso); less likely reading is more holy madness, which the plea "don't allow it" would not fit.
  18. 18 ↩ternán = tendrán; 'la obra lo será' taken as the work/deed likewise being good (by that good intention).
  19. 19 ↩seso here continues Teresa's nearby critique of 'seso demasiado'—prudent self-protection rather than holy folly for Christ; rendered 'worldly sense' to keep that force.
  20. 20 ↩Source reading 'No están sin el con el gran fuego' looks corrupt (dittography). Translated the most plausible intended sense: 'No están [ellos] con el gran fuego del amor de Dios...'
  21. 21 ↩vuesa merced rendered as 'Your Grace' (address to her confessor); 'en qué debe de ir mucho' = what should advance far / be pressed hard.
  22. 22 ↩Reading 'daha' as 'daña' ('hurts'): 'que no se les daña más... perderlo todo que ganarlo todo'.
  23. 23 ↩Reading 'cativerio' as 'cautiverio' ('captivity').
  24. 24 ↩'esta' is taken as referring to the 'gran libertad' of the previous sentence.
  25. 25 ↩Reading 'Ronpa' as 'Rompa' ('tear up').

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