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Chapter 6ChrysOlymp.1.6

ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ ΣΤʹ

ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ ΣΤʹ

We've only just been able to catch our breath now that we've arrived at Cucusus, from where we're also writing; only just now have we been able to see clearly again, free of the smoke and the manifold cloud of evils that overtook us on the journey. For now that the painful things have passed, I am recounting them to your piety.1 For when we were still in the middle of them, I did not want to do this, for fear of grieving you terribly. For nearly thirty days—or even more—I spent struggling with the most severe fevers, traveling this long, hard road the whole time, and besieged as well by other most severe stomach ailments. Picture what followed from that: no doctors, no baths, no provisions, no other relief; the fear of the Isaurians besieging us from every side; and the other evils that hard roads usually breed—worry, anxiety, the lack of anyone to care for us.2 But now all of that has been put to rest. For once we arrived at Cucusus, we laid aside the whole illness along with its remnants, and we are in the purest health; we have also been freed from fear of the Isaurians, since there are many soldiers here, and ones very firmly posted against them; and an abundance of provisions flows to us from every side, with everyone receiving us with complete goodwill—even though the place itself is extremely desolate.3 But as it happened, my lord Dioscorus was here, and he even sent a servant to Caesarea for this very purpose, urging and begging that I not prefer any other house to his—and many others did the same.4 But I decided it was necessary to choose him over the others, and we took lodging in his house. And he himself becomes everything to us — so much so that we keep protesting to him because of his great lavishness and the abundance he wants to provide.5 Indeed, for our sake he even moved from the country house where he was living, so that he could take care of us in every way; and he is preparing a house for us that's suitable for winter, doing and arranging everything for this purpose, and in short, nothing has been left undone for our care.6 And many other stewards and managers as well, ordered by letter from their own masters, keep coming continually, ready to give us rest in every way. Now I have said all this — both lamenting the earlier hardships and reporting the good things — so that no one would rashly move us from here. For if those who want to do us this favor would let us stay where we wish, and would not again be about to assign us some other place of their choosing, then accept the favor.7 But if, after moving us from here, they were going to send us to another place — and again a journey, and again a stay abroad — that would be extremely hard for me: first, for fear they might send us to some farther or harsher place; and second, because for me traveling is harder than a thousand exiles. For the hardship of this journey has already brought us right to the gates of death.✦ We're staying in Cucusus now, recovering through continuous rest and quiet, and through that stillness healing the hardships we endured for so long—our crushed bones and our worn-out flesh. My lady Sabiniana the deaconess arrived the very same day we did. She was crushed and worn out, at an age when even moving is difficult, yet she remains young in her eagerness and feels none of the pain. She said she was ready to meet us even in Scythia, since rumors were circulating that we were being taken there. She says she's ready to never go back anywhere, but to stay wherever we are.8 The people of the Church welcomed her with great eagerness and goodwill. My lord Constantius, the most devout priest, would have been here long ago. He wrote to me asking if he could come; he wouldn't dare show up without my consent, even though he wants to badly. He says he can't even stay where he is, so he's hiding and keeping out of sight because of the many evils pressing upon him. So I beg you not to act differently because of this place.9 But if you try once more to sound out their intention, don't put forward anything yourself; rather, use your good sense to see where they've decided to go—for you can do that. And if you see that it's somewhere nearby—in a coastal city, or in Cyzicus, or near Nicomedia—accept that too. But if it's somewhere farther off—farther than this place, or even as far as this one—don't choose it, since that would be a very heavy burden for me and extremely hard.10 For the time being we're enjoying a great deal of rest here—so much so that in two days we washed away all the hardship the journey had left us with.

Read the original Greek

Μόλις ποτὲ ἀνεπνεύσαμεν εἰς τὴν Κουκουσὸν ἀφικόμενοι ὅθεν καὶ ἐπιστέλλομεν· μόλις ποτὲ διεβλέψαμεν ἀπὸ τοῦ καπνοῦ καὶ τῆς ποικίλης τῶν κακῶν νεφέλης τῶν κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἡμᾶς καταλαβόντων. Νῦν γὰρ ἐπειδὴ παρῆλθε τὰ ὀδυνηρά, διηγοῦμαι αὐτὰ τῇ εὐλαβείᾳ σου. Ὅτε γὰρ ἐν αὐτοῖς ἦμεν, οὐκ ἠβουλόμην τοῦτο ποιῆσαι, μὴ σφόδρα σε λυπήσω. Τριάκοντα γὰρ σχεδὸν ἢ καὶ πλείους ἡμέρας πυρετοῖς χαλεπωτάτοις διετέλεσα παλαίων καὶ οὕτω τὴν μακρὰν ταύτην καὶ χαλεπὴν ὁδεύων ὁδὸν καὶ ἑτέραις χαλεπωτάταις ἀρρωστίαις πολιορκούμενος ταῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ στομάχου. Λόγισαι τὰ ἐντεῦθεν, οὐκ ἰατρῶν ὄντων, οὐ βαλανείων, οὐκ ἐπιτηδείων, οὐ τῆς ἄλλης ἀνέσεως, ἰσαυρικοῦ φόβου πανταχόθεν ἡμᾶς πολιορκοῦντος, τῶν ἄλλων κακῶν ἅπερ ἡ δυσκολία τῶν ὁδῶν τίκτειν εἴωθε, φροντίδος, μερίμνης, ἐρημίας τῶν θεραπευσόντων. Ἀλλὰ νῦν ἅπαντα ταῦτα λέλυται. Εἰς γὰρ τὴν Κουκουσὸν ἐλθόντες, τήν τε ἀρρωστίαν ἅπασαν ἀπεθέμεθα μετὰ τῶν λειψάνων, καί ἐσμεν ἐν ὑγιείᾳ καθαρωτάτῃ, τοῦ τε φόβου τῶν ἰσαύρων ἀπηλλάγημεν, πολλῶν ἐνταῦθα στρατιωτῶν ὄντων, καὶ σφόδρα πρὸς αὐτοὺς παρατεταγμένων· τῶν τε ἐπιτηδείων ἡ ἀφθονία πάντοθεν ἡμῖν ἐπιρρεῖ, πάντων μετὰ πάσης εὐνοίας ἡμᾶς ὑποδεχομένων, καίτοι σφόδρα ἐρημοτάτου ὄντος τοῦ χωρίου. Ἀλλ' ἔτυχεν ὁ δεσπότης μου ∆ιόσκορος ἐνταῦθα ὤν, ὃς καὶ εἰς Καισάρειαν ἀπέστειλεν οἰκέτην εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, παρακαλῶν καὶ δεόμενος μὴ προτιμῆσαι τῆς αὐτοῦ οἰκίας ἑτέραν καὶ ἕτεροι δὲ πλείους.

Ἀλλ' ἀναγκαῖον ἐνόμισα τῶν ἄλλων τοῦτον προτιμῆσαι καὶ κατήχθημεν ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῦ. Καὶ πάντα ἡμῖν αὐτὸς γίνεται, ὡς καὶ καταβοᾷν αὐτοῦ συνεχῶς διὰ τὴν πολλὴν αὐτοῦ δαψίλειαν καὶ τὴν ἀφθονίαν ἣν βούλεται παρέχειν. ∆ι' ἡμᾶς γοῦν καὶ μετέστη χωρίον οἰκῶν, ὥστε παντὶ θεραπεῦσαι τρόπῳ, τήν τε οἰκίαν ἡμῖν κατασκευάζει πρὸς χειμῶνα ἐπιτηδείαν πάντα ποιῶν ὑπὲρ τούτου καὶ πραγματευόμενος, καὶ ὅλως οὐδὲν ἐλλέλειπται θεραπείας ἕνεκεν. Καὶ ἕτεροι δὲ πολλοὶ ἐπίτροποι καὶ οἰκονόμοι, παρὰ τῶν δεσποτῶν τῶν ἑαυτῶν κελευσθέντες διὰ γραμμάτων, συνεχῶς παραγίνονται ἕτοιμοι κατὰ πάντα τρόπον ἡμᾶς ἀναπαῦσαι. Ταῦτα δὲ πάντα εἴρηκα, καὶ τὰ μὲν ἀπωδυράμην τὰ πρότερα, τὰ δὲ εἶπον τὰ χρηστά, ἵνα μὴ προπετῶς τις ἡμᾶς ἐντεῦθεν ἐγείρῃ. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ οἱ βουλόμενοι δοῦναι ἡμῖν τὴν χάριν κυρίους ἡμᾶς ποιοῖεν τοῦ εἶναι ὅπου βουλόμεθα, καὶ μὴ πάλιν ἕτερον ἡμῖν μέλλοιεν ἀποκληροῦν τόπον ὃν ἂν ἐθέλωσι, κατάδεξαι τὴν χάριν. Εἰ δὲ ἔνθεν ἡμᾶς ἀνιστάντες εἰς ἕτερον μέλλοιεν πέμπειν τόπον –καὶ πάλιν ὁδός, καὶ πάλιν ἀποδημία –, ἐμοὶ σφόδρα τοῦτο χαλεπώτατον· πρῶτον μὲν μήποτε εἰς μακρότερον ἢ εἰς χαλεπώτερον ἡμᾶς πέμψωσι χωρίον· ἔπειτα δὲ ὅτι μυρίων ἐξοριῶν ἐμοὶ τὸ ὁδεύειν χαλεπώτερον. Καὶ γὰρ εἰς αὐτὰς ἡμᾶς κατήνεγκε τοῦ θανάτου τὰς πύλας ταύτης τῆς ἀποδημίας ἡ δυσκολία.

Καὶ διατρίβομεν νῦν ἐν Κουκουσῷ τῇ διηνεκεῖ καθέδρᾳ καὶ ἡσυχίᾳ ἀνακτώμενοι ἑαυτοὺς καὶ τὴν ἐν τῷ μακρῷ χρόνῳ γενομένην ἡμῖν ταλαιπωρίαν καὶ τὰ συντετριμμένα ἡμῶν ὀστᾶ καὶ τὴν ταλαιπωρηθεῖσαν σάρκα διὰ τῆς ἡσυχίας θεραπεύοντες. Ἀπήντησε δὲ καὶ ἡ κυρία μου Σαβινιανὴ ἡ διάκονος κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν τὴν αὐτὴν καθ' ἣν καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀπηντήσαμεν, συντετριμμένη μὲν καὶ τεταλαιπωρημένη, ἅτε ἐν τούτῳ τῆς ἡλικίας οὖσα ἔνθα καὶ κινεῖσθαι δύσκολον· ὅμως δὲ τῇ προθυμίᾳ νεάζουσα καὶ μηδενὸς αἰσθανομένη τῶν λυπηρῶν. Ἑτοίμη γὰρ ἔφησεν εἶναι καὶ εἰς Σκυθίαν ἀπαντήσεσθαι, ἐπειδὴ τοιοῦτος ἐκράτει λόγος ὡς ἐκεῖ ἡμῶν ἀπαχθησομένων. Ἑτοίμη δέ ἐστιν, ὥς φησι, μηκέτι ὑποστρέφειν μηδαμοῦ, ἄλλ' ἐκεῖ διατρίβειν ἔνθα ἂν ὦμεν. Σφόδρα δὲ αὐτὴν ὑπεδέξαντο οἱ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς σπουδῆς καὶ τῆς εὐνοίας. Καὶ ὁ κύριος δέ μου Κωνστάντιος, ὁ εὐλαβέστατος πρεσβύτερος, πάλαι ἂν ἐνταῦθα ἦν. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐπέστειλέν μοι παρακαλῶν ἵνα ἐπιτρέψω αὐτῷ ἐλθεῖν· τῆς γὰρ ἐμῆς γνώμης χωρὶς μηδ' ἂν τολμῆσαι παραγενέσθαι, καίτοι γε σφόδρα ἐπιθυμῶν καί, ὥς φησιν, οὐδὲ αὐτόθι μένειν δυνάμενος· κρύπτεται γὰρ καὶ λανθάνει· τοσαῦτα αὐτὸν συνέχει κακά, καθώς φησι. Παρακαλῶ τοίνυν μὴ ἄλλως ποιήσῃς τοῦ τόπου ἕνεκεν.

Εἰ δ' αὖ πάλιν δοκιμάσειας ἀποπειρασθῆναι τῆς γνώμης αὐτῶν, αὐτὴν μὲν οἴκοθεν μηδὲν εἴπῃς, δοκίμασον δὲ ποῦ προῄρηνται κατὰ τὴν σύνεσίν σου· δύνασαι γάρ. Κἂν ἴδῃς ὅτι πλησίον αὐτόθι που ἐν παραθαλασσίῳ πόλει, ἢ ἐν Κυζίκῳ, ἢ Νικομηδείας πλησίον, καὶ τοῦτο κατάδεξαι. Εἰ δ' ἄρα μακρότερόν που, ἢ τοῦ τόπου τούτου μακρότερον, ἢ τοσοῦτον ὅσον οὗτος, μὴ ἕλῃ· ἐπεὶ σφόδρα τοῦτό μοι βαρὺ καὶ χαλεπώτατον. Τέως γὰρ πολλῆς ἐνταῦθα ἀνέσεως ἀπολαύομεν, ὡς καὶ ἐν δύο ἡμέραις ἅπασαν τὴν ἀηδίαν ἀπονίψασθαι τὴν ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ γεγενημένην ἡμῖν.

Scripture echoes

  1. ↩Ps.9.14;Job.38.17 — Be gracious to me, O LORD; see my affliction from my enemies, you who lift me up from the gates of death. Job.38.17 — Have the gates of death been revealed to you, and have you seen the gates of deep darkness?

Notes

  1. 1 ↩τῇ εὐλαβείᾳ σου is a formal address to Olympias ("your piety" / "your reverence"), not abstract piety as a virtue.
  2. 2 ↩βαλανεῖα = baths (public bathing facilities), not mere washing; ἐπιτήδεια = necessities/provisions.
  3. 3 ↩μετὰ τῶν λειψάνων: "with its remnants" (residual effects of the illness), not religious relics.
  4. 4 ↩ὁ δεσπότης μου is a polite honorific ("my lord"), not theological "Master."
  5. 5 ↩καταβοᾷν can mean 'cry out against / remonstrate with'; here the force is that Dioscorus's hospitality is so excessive they keep protesting it, not that they denounce him.
  6. 6 ↩μετέστη χωρίον οἰκῶν: rendered as relocating from the country place he inhabited; the participle may also be read as circumstantial ('though/while living in the country'). Sense: he changed residence to care for them.
  7. 7 ↩χάρις here is human favor/kindness (people offering to resettle them), not theological grace; rendered 'favor' to avoid doctrinal over-reading.
  8. 8 ↩Source has ἄλλ' where ἀλλ' ('but') is the expected reading; translated as adversative 'but'.
  9. 9 ↩τοῦ τόπου ἕνεκεν may mean 'for the sake of [changing] the place' or more generally 'as far as the place is concerned'; in context Chrysostom is steering Olympias not to pursue a different relocation course than he has just outlined.
  10. 10 ↩ἢ τοσοῦτον ὅσον οὗτος: 'or as far as this one' most naturally measures distance by the present place of exile (Cucusus); he asks her not to accept a posting as remote as his own, or remoter still.

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