SR
← The Spiritual Canticle/Book 1 · El Cántico espiritual
Chapter 23CanticoEsp.1.23

Canción XXII

The Bridegroom's Joy

The Bridegroom rejoices over the rescued bride, comparing his joy to the shepherd and the woman with the lost coin, and calls the angels and holy souls to share in his glory.

Annotation of the following song The Bridegroom's desire to finish rescuing and freeing his bride from the hands of sensuality and the devil was so great that, now that he has done so up to this point (as we have also seen), he rejoices in the same way the good shepherd rejoices with the sheep on his shoulders—the sheep he had lost and searched for through many winding paths.1 And as the woman rejoices with the drachma in her hands — the coin she had lit a candle and turned the whole house upside down to find, calling her friends and neighbors and sharing her joy with them, saying: Rejoice with me, and so on. So in the same way, it is a wonderful thing to see in this loving shepherd and Bridegroom of the soul the pleasure and joy he takes in seeing the soul already thus won, perfected, set on his shoulders and held fast in his hands in this longed-for joining and union.2 And he does not only rejoice in himself, but he also makes the angels and holy souls share in his glory, saying, as in the Song of Songs: "Come out, daughters of Zion, and look at King Solomon with the crown with which his mother crowned him on the day of his betrothal and on the day of the joy of his heart" — Egredimini, et videte filiae Sion Regem Salomonem in diademate, quo coronavit illum mater sua in die desponsationis illius, et in die laetitiae cordis ejus. In these same words, he calls the soul his crown, his bride, and the joy of his heart, carrying her in his arms and going on with her as a bridegroom in his bridal chamber. All of which he makes known in the following song.

The Bride Enters the Garden

The bride enters the longed-for garden and rests on the Beloved's arms, and the exposition explains the two things the Bridegroom says: her victorious arrival and the properties of this state.

The bride has entered the garden she longed for, and she rests there as she pleases, her neck reclining on the sweet arms of the Beloved.3 Exposition Now that the bride has already taken care to have the foxes hunted down, the north wind driven away, and the nymphs quieted—obstacles and hindrances that blocked the longed-for delight of the state of spiritual marriage—and has also invoked and obtained the air of the Holy Spirit, as she has said in the preceding songs, which is the proper disposition and instrument for the perfection of that state, it remains now to discuss it in this song, where the Bridegroom speaks, already calling the soul his bride, and says two things. The first is to tell how, after coming out victorious, she has reached this delightful state of spiritual marriage, which he and she had so greatly desired. And the second is to recount the properties of that state, which the soul already enjoys in it—such as resting in its savor and having her neck reclined on the sweet arms of the Beloved—as we will now go on to explain.4

The Journey to Spiritual Marriage

The soul's journey is traced from mortification and meditation through the contemplative life and spiritual betrothal, culminating in the present song where the bride enters.

The bride has entered. To set out the order of these songs more clearly, and to help you understand the course the soul ordinarily takes until it reaches this state of spiritual marriage—which is the highest of those we are now, with divine favor, about to speak of—it should be noted that before the soul arrives here, it trains itself in the labors and bitterness of mortification and in the meditation of spiritual things, which the soul spoke of at the beginning from the first song through the one that says:5 Pouring out a thousand graces. And afterward she enters the contemplative life, in which she passes through the ways and straits of love that she has been recounting in the progress of the songs, up to the one that says: Turn them away, Beloved. In which the spiritual betrothal took place.6 And besides this, she goes by the unitive way, in which she receives many and very great communications, visions, jewels, and gifts from the Bridegroom, just as to a betrothed bride, and she is being more and more thoroughly instructed and perfected in love, as she has related from that song which begins, "Turn them away, Beloved"—where the betrothal took place—up to this present one, which begins:78 The Bride has entered.

The Consummation of Union

Spiritual marriage is described as total transformation into the Beloved, confirmed in grace, and illustrated by the union of light and the invitation to the garden, where the soul lives the life of God.

All that remained was for the spiritual marriage to take place between that soul and the Son of God—which is incomparably greater than the spiritual betrothal, because it is a total transformation into the Beloved, in which both parties give themselves over to total possession of each other, with a certain consummation of the union of love, in which the soul is made divine and becomes God by participation, as much as is possible in this life. And so I think this state never comes about unless the soul is confirmed in grace within it; because the faithfulness of both parties is confirmed—God's faithfulness being confirmed in the soul; and so this is the highest state that can be reached in this life; because just as in the consummation of bodily marriage they are two in one flesh, as divine Scripture says, so also, when this spiritual marriage between God and the soul is consummated, they are two natures in one spirit and love, as Saint Paul says, drawing this same comparison when he says: The one who joins himself to the Lord becomes one spirit with him; Qui autem adhaeret Domino, unus spiritus est.9 Just so, when the light of a star or of a candle joins and unites with that of the sun, what shines is no longer the star or the candle, but the sun, having the other lights diffused within itself. And the Bridegroom speaks of this state in the present verse, saying: "The Bride has entered in"; that is, from everything temporal, from what is natural, and from spiritual affections, modes, and ways—leaving aside and forgetting all temptations, disturbances, pains, anxiety, and cares, transformed in this high embrace; and so the following verse follows: In the delightful garden so longed for. It's as if she's saying: She has been transformed into her God, whom she calls here the pleasant garden because the soul finds a delightful and gentle resting place in him; you don't come to this garden of full transformation—which is already the joy, delight, and glory of spiritual marriage—without first passing through spiritual betrothal and the equal, shared love of the betrothed; for after the soul has been for some time the Bride in complete and gentle love with the Son of God, God then calls her and brings her into this flowering garden of his to consummate this most blessed state of marriage with himself; in which such a joining of the two natures takes place, and such a communication of the divine to the human, that without either changing its being, each one seems God—though in this life this cannot be perfectly so, even though it is beyond everything that can be said or thought.✦10 The Bridegroom himself makes this clear in the Song of Songs, where he invites the soul—already made his bride—to this state, saying: Veni in hortum meum soror mea sponsa, mesui myrram meam cum aromatibus meis; which means: Come and enter my garden, my sister, my bride, for I have already harvested my myrrh with my fragrant aromatic spices. He calls her sister and bride because she was already both in the love and self-surrender she had given him before he called her to this state of spiritual marriage, where he says he has already harvested his fragrant myrrh and aromatic spices—the fruits of the flowers, now ripe and ready for the soul. These are the delights and grandeurs that, in this state, he communicates from himself to her—that is, in himself to her—and that is why he is for her the pleasant and longed-for garden. For the whole desire and end of both the soul and God in all her works is the consummation and perfection of this state; and so the soul never rests until she reaches it, because in it she finds a far greater abundance and fullness of God, and a more secure and stable peace, and a more perfect sweetness, beyond comparison, than in the spiritual betrothal.11 Just so, already placed in the arms of such a Bridegroom, with whom the soul ordinarily feels herself held in a close spiritual embrace—which truly is an embrace—through which the soul lives the life of God; for in her is fulfilled what Saint Paul says: Vivo autem, jam non ego, vivit vero in me Christus; "I live, yet no longer I, for Christ lives in me." Therefore, living here such a happy and glorious life as the life of God, let each one consider, if he can, what this life must be that is so delicious to live—in which, just as God can feel no displeasure, so she feels none either, but enjoys and feels the delight and glory of God in the substance of the soul transformed into him; and that is why the next verse follows:

Resting on the Beloved's Arms

The soul's neck, representing her strength, rests on the Beloved's arms, symbolizing union with God's strength and sweetness, as confirmed by the Song of Songs.

And she rests, at his pleasure, with her neck reclined. Here, the neck refers to the strength of the soul, through which, as we've said, this joining and union between her and the Bridegroom takes place; because the soul couldn't endure such a close embrace if she weren't already very strong; and because in this strength the soul labored, practiced the virtues, and conquered the vices, it's right that the neck should recline in what she conquered and worked for.1213 Upon the sweet arms of the Beloved. To rest your neck in God's arms is already to have your strength—or rather, your weakness—united to God's strength, so that, with our weakness resting and transformed there, it already has the strength of God himself. That's why this state of spiritual marriage is so aptly marked by resting your neck on the Beloved's sweet arms: because God is already the soul's strength and sweetness, in which she is sheltered and protected from every evil, and tastes every good. Therefore the Bride in the Song of Songs, longing for this state, said to the Bridegroom: Quis mihi det te fratrem meum sugentem ubera matris meae, ut inveniam te foris, et deosculer te, et jam me nemo despiciat?14 "Oh, that you were my brother, nursing at my mother's breasts, so that I might find you alone outside and kiss you, and then no one would despise me!" By calling him brother, she means the love between the two before they reach this state. And when she says that you would nurse at my mother's breasts, she means that you would dry up and finish in me the appetites and passions, which are the breasts of our mother Eve's milk in our flesh and stand in the way of this state. And so, once this is done, I would find you alone outside—that is, I myself would be outside all things and outside myself, in solitude and nakedness of spirit, which comes about when those appetites have been dried up. And there I alone would kiss you alone—that is, my nature, already alone and stripped of every natural, temporal, and spiritual impurity, would be united with you alone: that is, with your nature alone, with no intermediary other than love. This happens only in spiritual marriage, which is the soul's kiss given to God, where no one despises her or dares approach her. For in this state neither the devil nor the flesh nor the world nor the appetites disturb her, because here is fulfilled what is also said in the Song of Songs: "The winter is past, the rain is gone, and the flowers have appeared in our land"; Jam enim hiems transit, imber abiit, et recesit.✦1516 The flowers have appeared in our land.✦

Read the original Spanish

Anotación de la canción siguiente

Tanto era el deseo que el esposo tenía de acabar de rescatar y libertar esa su esposa de las manos de la sensualidad y del demonio, que ya que hasta aquí lo ha hecho, como se ha visto ahora también, de la manera que el buen pastor se goza con la oveja sobre sus hombros, que había perdido y buscado por muchos rodeos. Y como la mujer se alegra con la dracma en las manos, que para hallarla había encendido la candela y trastornado toda la casa, llamando a sus amigas y vecinas y regraciándose con ellas, diciendo: Alegraos conmigo, etc. ; así a este amoroso pastor y Esposo del alma es admirable cosa de ver el placer que tiene y gozo de ver al alma ya así ganada, perficionada, puesta en sus hombros y asida con sus manos en esta deseada junta y unión. Y no sólo en sí se goza, sino que también hace participantes a los ángeles y almas santas de su gloria, diciendo, como en los Cantares: Salid, hijas de Sión, y mirad al rey Salomón con la corona con que lo coronó su madre en el día de su desposorio y en el día de la alegría de su corazón; Egredemini, et videte filiae Sion Regem Salomonem in diademate, quo coronavit illum mater sua in die desponsationis illius, et in die letitiae cordis ejus. Llamando al alma en estas dichas palabras su corona, su esposa y la alegría de su corazón, trayéndola en sus brazos y procediendo con ella como esposo en su tálamo. Todo lo cual da a entender en la siguiente canción.

Entrádose ha la esposa En el ameno huerto deseado, Y a su sabor reposa, El cuello reclinado Sobre los dulces brazos del Amado.

DECLARACIÓN

Habiendo ya la esposa puesto diligencia en que las raposas se cazasen y el cierzo se fuese y las ninfas se sosegasen, que eran estorbos e inconvenientes que impedían el deseado deleite del estado del matrimonio espiritual, y también habiendo invocado y alcanzado el aire del Espíritu Santo, como ha dicho en las precedentes canciones, el cual es la propia disposición e instrumento para la perfección del tal estado, resta ahora tratar de él en esta canción, en que habla el Esposo, llamando ya esposa al alma, y dice dos cosas. La una es decir cómo, después de haber salido victoriosa, ha llegado a este estado deleitoso del matrimonio espiritual, que él y ella tanto habían deseado. Y la segunda es contar las propiedades de dicho estado, de las cuales ya el alma goza en él; como son reposar su sabor y tener el cuello reclinado sobre los dulces brazos del Amado, según ahora iremos declarando.

Entrádose ha la esposa.

Para declarar el orden de estas canciones más distintamente, y dar a entender el que ordinariamente lleva el alma, hasta llegar a este estado de matrimonio espiritual, que es el más alto de que ahora, con el favor divino, habemos de hablar, es de notar que, primero que aquí elegue el alma, se ejercita en los trabajos y amarguras de la mortificación y en la meditación de las cosas espirituales, que al principio dijo el alma desde la primera canción hasta aquella que dice:

Mil gracias derramando.

Y después entra en la vida contemplativa, en que pasa por las vías y estrechos de amor que en el progreso de las canciones ha ido contando, hasta la que dice:

Apártalos, Amado.

En que se hizo el desposorio espiritual. Y demás de esto, va por la vía unitiva, en la que recibe muchas y muy grandes comunicaciones, vistas, joyas y dones del Esposo, bien así como a desposada, y se va enterando y perficionando en el amor, como ha contado desde la dicha canción, que comienza: «Apártalos, amado»; donde se hizo el desposorio, hasta esta de ahora, que comienza:

Entrádose ha la esposa.

Donde restaba ya hacerse el matrimonio espiritual entre la dicha alma y el Hijo de Dios; el cual es mucho más, sin comparación, que el desposorio espiritual, porque es una transformación total en el Amado, en que se entregan ambas partes por total posesión de la una a la otra, con cierta consumación de unión de amor, en que está el alma hecha divina, y Dios por participación cuanto se puede en esta vida. Y así, pienso que este estado nunca acaece sin que esté el alma en él confirmada en gracia; porque se confirma la fe de ambas partes, confirmándose aquí la de Dios en el alma; de donde éste es el más alto estado a que en esta vida se puede llegar; porque, así como en la consumación del matrimonio carnal son dos en una carne, como dice la divina Escritura, así también, consumado este matrimonio espiritual entre Dios y el alma, son dos naturalezas en un espíritu y amor, según lo dice San Pablo, trayendo esta misma comparación, diciendo: El que se junta al Señor, un espíritu se hace con él; Qui autem adhaeret Domino, unus spiritus est. Bien así como cuando la luz de una estrella o de una candela se junta y une con la del sol, que ya quien luce no es la estrella ni la candela, sino el sol, teniendo en sí difundidas las otras luces. Y de este estado habla el Esposo en el presente verso, diciendo: «Entrádose ha la Esposa»; es a saber, de todo lo temporal, y de la natural, y de las afecciones, modos y maneras espirituales; dejadas aparte y olvidadas todas las tentaciones, turbaciones, penas, solicitud y cuidados, transformada en este alto abrazo; por lo cual se sigue el verso siguiente:

En el ameno huerto deseado.

Y es como si dijera: Transformádose ha en su Dios, que es el que aquí llama huerto ameno, por el deleitoso y suave asiento que halla el alma en él; a este huerto de llena transformación, el cual es ya gozo, deleite y gloria de matrimonio espiritual, no se viene sin pasar primero por el desposorio espiritual, y por el amor ideal y común de desposados; porque, después de haber sido el alma algún tiempo Esposa en entero y suave amor con el Hijo de Dios, después la llama Dios y la mete en este huerto suyo florido a consumar este estado felicísimo del matrimonio consigo; en el cual se hace tal junta de las dos naturalezas y tal comunicación de la divina a la humana, que, no mudando alguna de ellas su ser, cada una parece Dios; aunque en esta vida no puede ser perfectamente, aunque es sobre todo lo que se puede decir ni pensar.

Esto da muy bien a entender el mismo Esposo en los Cantares, donde convida al alma, hecha ya esposa, a este estado, diciendo: Veni in hortum meum soror mea sponsa, mesui myrram meam cum aromatibus meis; que quiere decir: Ven y entra en mi huerto, hermana mía, esposa, que ya he segado mi mirra con mis especies aromáticas olorosas. Llámala hermana y esposa porque ya lo era en el amor y entrega que le había hecho de sí antes que la llamase a este estado de matrimonio espiritual donde dice que tiene ya segada su olorosa mirra y especies aromáticas, que son los frutos de las flores ya maduros y aparejados para el alma; los cuales son los deleites y grandezas que en este estado de sí le comunica, esto es, en sí mismo a ella, y por eso es el ameno y deseado huerto para ella; porque todo el deseo y fin del alma y de Dios en todas las obras de ella es la consumación y perfección de este estado; por lo cual nunca descansa el alma hasta llegar a él, porque halla en él mucha más abundancia y henchimiento de Dios, y más segura y estable paz, y más perfecta suavidad, sin comparación, que en el desposorio espiritual. Bien así como ya colocada en los brazos de tal esposo, con el cual ordinariamente siente el alma tener un estrecho abrazo espiritual, que verdaderamente es abrazo, por medio del cual vive el alma vida de Dios; porque en ella se verifica lo que dice san Pablo: Vivo autem, jam non ego, vivit vero in me Christus; «Vivo yo, mas ya no yo, porque vive Christo en mí»; por tanto, viviendo el alma aquí vida tan feliz y gloriosa como es vida de Dios, considere cada uno, si pudiere, qué vida será ésta tan sabrosa que vive en la cual, así como Dios no puede sentir algún sinsabor, así ella tampoco le siente, mas goza y siente deleite y gloria de Dios en la sustancia del alma transformada en él; y por eso se sigue el verso siguiente:

Y a su sabor reposa, El cuello reclinado.

El cuello significa aquí la fortaleza del alma, mediante la cual, como habemos dicho, se hace esta junta y unión entre ella y el Esposo; porque no podría el alma sufrir tan estrecho si no estuviese ya muy fuerte; y porque en esta fortaleza trabajó el alma y obró las virtudes y venció los vicios, justo es que en aquello que venció y trabajó repose el cuello reclinado.

Sobre los dulces brazos del Amado.

Reclinar el cuello en los brazos de Dios es tener ya unida su fortaleza, o por mejor decir, su flaqueza, en la fortaleza de Dios, en que, reclinada y transformada nuestra flaqueza, tiene ya fortaleza del mismo Dios; de donde muy cómodamente se denota este estado de matrimonio espiritual por esta reclinación del cuello en los dulces brazos del Amado; porque ya Dios es la fortaleza y dulzura del alma, en que está guarecida y amparada de todos los males, y saboreada en todos los bienes. Por tanto, la Esposa en los Cantares, deseando este estado dijo al Esposo: Quis mihi det te fratrem meum sugentem ubera matris meae, ut inveniam te foris, et deosculer te, et jam me nemo despiciat? «¿Quién te me diese, hermano mío, que mamases en los pechos de mi madre de manera que te hallase yo solo afuera y te besase, y ya no me despreciase nadie?» En llamarle hermano de amor entre los dos antes de llegar a este estado; en lo que dice, que mamases los pechos de mi madre, quiere decir, que enjugases y acabases en mí los apetitos y pasiones, que son los pechos de la leche de nuestra madre Eva en nuestra carne; los cuales son impedimento para este estado; y así, esto hecho, te hallase yo solo afuera; esto es, fuera yo de todas las cosas y de mí misma, en soledad y desnudez de espíritu, la cual viene a ser enjugados los apetitos ya dichos; y allí te besase sola a ti solo; es a saber, se uniese mi naturaleza, ya sola y desnuda de toda impureza natural, temporal y espiritual, contigo solo; esto es, con tu sola naturaleza, sin otro algún medio fuera del amor; lo cual sólo es en el matrimonio espiritual, que es el beso del alma a Dios, donde no la desprecia ni se le atreve ninguno; porque en este estado, ni demonio ni carne ni mundo ni apetitos molestan; porque aquí se cumple lo que también se dice en los Cantares: «Ya pasó el invierno y se fue la lluvia y parecieron las flores en nuestra tierra»; Jam enim hiems transit, imber abiit, et recesit. Flores apparuerunt in terra nostra.

Scripture echoes

  1. ↩Song.5.1 — I have come into my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, friends; drink, and be drunk with love.
  2. ↩Song.2.11 — For behold, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone.
  3. ↩Song.2.11 — For behold, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩Spanish sensualidad here is San Juan's technical term for the soul's lower sensory appetite, not merely erotic desire; rendered as "sensuality" to keep that traditional mystical sense.
  2. 2 ↩Source perficionada is an older spelling of perfeccionada; rendered as "perfected."
  3. 3 ↩"a su sabor" rendered as "as she likes" (at her pleasure / to her liking); classical Spanish for resting freely according to desire, not gustatory "flavor."
  4. 4 ↩"reposar su sabor": rendered as resting in its savor (mystical delight/taste of the state); Golden Age phrasing without en.
  5. 5 ↩Source reading "elegue" is almost certainly a corruption of "llegue" (arrives); translated as "arrives."
  6. 6 ↩desposorio espiritual: San Juan's technical term for the spiritual betrothal/espousal that precedes mystical marriage; rendered as 'spiritual betrothal' rather than 'engagement' or 'wedding'.
  7. 7 ↩se va enterando: Golden Age 'enterar' = to instruct/acquaint thoroughly; progressive 'se va enterando … en el amor' rendered as gradual thorough instruction in love, paired with 'perficionando' (archaic spelling of perfeccionando).
  8. 8 ↩vía unitiva kept as 'unitive way' (classic mystical triad: purgative, illuminative, unitive). comunicaciones kept as mystical 'communications' from the Bridegroom, not ordinary messages.
  9. 9 ↩Spanish fe here is the marriage-troth/faithfulness of both parties being confirmed, not merely theological belief; rendered as faithfulness to keep the marriage metaphor clear, especially with la de Dios en el alma.
  10. 10 ↩Supplied reading "amor ideal" is almost certainly a corruption of San Juan's technical phrase "amor igual" (equal love) of the betrothed; rendered as equal and shared love of those betrothed.
  11. 11 ↩"de sí le comunica, esto es, en sí mismo a ella" rendered as communicating from himself to her / in himself to her, preserving San Juan's insistence that the delights are given in God's own self, not as external gifts.
  12. 12 ↩Spanish "fortaleza" can mean either "strength/fortitude" or "fortress"; here the following clause ("muy fuerte") confirms the sense of interior strength/fortitude.
  13. 13 ↩"sufrir tan estrecho" is elliptical for enduring so tight/close a joining (the union just named), not a literal narrow place.
  14. 14 ↩Latin Vulgate quotation retained as in the Spanish source; Song of Songs 8:1 candidate. The following sentence gives the Spanish rendering.
  15. 15 ↩Opening clause 'En llamarle hermano de amor entre los dos...' is elliptical; rendered as San Juan's usual 'In saying X, she means...' commentary pattern.
  16. 16 ↩Closing Latin retained as in the source (transit/recesit). Candidate Song 2:11; the flower clause continues in the next sentence.

The Spiritual Canticle companion

A daily portion of stillness

Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.

Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.

  • Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
  • A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
  • Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent
Chosen Portion — Daily Prayer (free iOS app) →