Capítulo XL
Introduction to the Final Chapter
Teresa introduces the final chapter of her account, noting that it contains great mercies and that her chief aim has been the good of souls.
She continues on the same subject: telling of the great mercies the Lord has shown her. From some of them quite good teaching can be taken—which, as she has said, has been her chief aim after obeying: to set down those that are for the good of souls. This chapter brings the account of her life to a close.1 May it be for the glory of the Lord. Amen.
The Vision of Divine Truth
Teresa receives a profound vision of Truth itself, learning that all harm comes from not knowing the truths of Scripture, and she is left with a deep reverence for God and a desire to speak only truth.
Once when I was at prayer, the delight I felt within me was so great that, as one unworthy of such a gift, I began to think how much more I deserved to be in the place I had seen set for me in hell—which, as I've said, I never forget: the way I saw myself there.2 With this thought my soul began to catch fire even more, and a rapture of spirit came upon me in a way I don't know how to describe. It seemed to me that I was plunged into and filled with that majesty I have understood at other times.3 In this majesty a truth was given me to understand—a truth that is the fulfillment of all truths. I don't know how to say how, because I saw nothing. They spoke to me—without my seeing who, though I clearly understood it was Truth itself: "What I do for you is no small thing. It is one of the things for which you owe Me much, because all the harm that comes to the world comes from not knowing the truths of Scripture with clear truth: not one jot of it will fail."4 It seemed to me that I had always believed this, and that all the faithful believed it. He said to me: "Ah, daughter, how few love Me in truth! For if they loved Me, I would not hide My secrets from them!" Do you know what it is to love Me in truth? Understand that everything that is not pleasing to Me is a lie: with clarity you'll see this, which you don't understand now, in what benefits your soul. And so I've seen it—may the Lord be praised—that ever since then, whatever I don't see directed to the service of God seems to me such vanity and falsehood that I couldn't put into words how I understand it. And the pity those stir in me, whom I see in the darkness they are in about this truth. And with this, other gains I'll speak of here, and many I won't know how to tell.5 Here the Lord said to me a particular word of the greatest favor. I don't know how this happened, because I saw nothing, but I was left in a state I also don't know how to describe, with the greatest strength, and very much in earnest to fulfill with all my powers even the smallest part of divine Scripture. It seems to me that nothing would be set before me that I wouldn't go through for this.6 I was left with a truth from this divine truth — presented to me without my knowing how or what, as if engraved — and it makes me hold a new reverence toward God, because it gives knowledge of His Majesty and power in a way that can't be put into words: I can understand that it is a great thing.7 I was left with a very great desire not to speak except of things that are deeply true — things that go beyond what people deal with here in the world — and so I began to feel sorrow at living in it. It left me with great tenderness and consolation and humility.8 It seems to me that, without my understanding how, the Lord gave me a great deal here: I was left with no suspicion that it was an illusion. I saw nothing, but I understood the great good there is in paying no attention to anything that isn't for drawing us closer to God — and so I understood what it is for a soul to walk in truth before Truth itself. What I understood is this: the Lord gave me to understand that He is Truth itself. Everything I've said I understood with Him speaking to me sometimes, and at other times without His speaking to me — some things with even greater clarity than those that were spoken to me in words. I understood the most tremendous truths about this truth — more than if many learned men had taught it to me. It seems to me that in no way could they have impressed them on me like that, nor could the vanity of this world have been made so clear to me. This truth that I say was given me to understand is Truth itself, and it is without beginning or end; and all other truths depend on this truth, as all other loves depend on this love, and all other greatnesses on this greatness — though what I've said here is dark compared with the clarity with which the Lord wanted it given me to understand.9 And how clear the power of this Majesty appears, since in so short a time it leaves such great gain, and such things impressed on the soul! O my Greatness and Majesty! What are You doing, my Lord, all-powerful? Look at whom You grant such sovereign mercies! Don't You remember that this soul has been an abyss of lies and a sea of vanities, and all through my own fault? For though You gave me a nature that hates lying, I myself made myself deal in lies in many things. How can it be endured, my God — how can such great favor and mercy be shown to one who has so poorly deserved it from You?
The Mirror of the Soul and the Practice of Recollection
Teresa sees her soul as a clear mirror with Christ at its center, and teaches the importance of interior recollection and the need for prudence in times of rapture.
Once when I was saying the Hours with the whole community, my soul suddenly became recollected, and it seemed to me that the whole of it was like a clear mirror, with no back or sides or height or depth that was not entirely clear, and in its center Christ our Lord appeared to me, as I usually see Him. It seemed to me I saw Him clearly in every part of my soul, as in a mirror; and this mirror too — I don't know how to say it — was all engraved in the Lord Himself by a very loving communication that I will never know how to describe.10 I know this vision has been of great benefit to me every time I remember it, especially when I've just received Communion. It was given me to understand that for a soul to be in mortal sin is for this mirror to be covered with a thick fog and left very black, and so this Lord cannot appear or be seen, even though He is always present giving us our being; and that with heretics it is as if the mirror were broken, which is much worse than darkened. How it is seen is very different from putting it into words, because it can hardly be made understandable. But it has done me much good, and filled me with deep sorrow for the times when, by my sins, I darkened my soul so that I could not see this Lord. This vision seems useful to me for people given to recollection, to teach them to consider the Lord in the very interior of their soul—for that is a consideration that takes hold more firmly, and is much more fruitful, than one outside oneself, as I've said at other times; and in some books on prayer it's written where God is to be sought. The glorious Saint Augustine says it especially: that neither in the plazas nor in pleasures, nor anywhere else he looked for Him, did he find Him as he did within himself. And it's very clear that this is better: there's no need to go up to heaven, or farther than to ourselves, because that tires the spirit and distracts the soul, and not with as much fruit.11 One thing I want to warn of here, in case anyone should have it—something that happens in a great rapture: that after that short while when the soul is in union, when it has the faculties completely absorbed (and this lasts only a little, as I've said), the soul remains recollected, and even outwardly can't come back to itself; yet the two faculties, memory and understanding, remain almost in a frenzy, quite out of their wits. I say this happens sometimes, especially at the beginning. I wonder whether it comes from our natural weakness not being able to bear so much strength of spirit, and so the imagination grows weak. I know it happens to some people. I'd think it good that they force themselves to leave off prayer for the time being and take it up again at another time—not joining the lost time into one continuous stretch—because that could lead to serious harm.12 And there is experience of this, and of how right it is to look to what our health can bear.
Spiritual Direction and the Diamond Vision
Teresa stresses the need for experienced spiritual directors, especially for women, and describes a vision of God as a clear diamond containing all things, which fills her with shame for her sins and gratitude for God's mercy.
In everything you need experience and a teacher, because once the soul has reached these stages, many things come up that need to be talked over with someone; and if after searching it doesn't find one, the Lord won't fail it, since He hasn't failed me—being who I am; for I believe few have reached the experience of so many things; and if that experience isn't there, trying to give a remedy is pointless and will only unsettle and afflict.13 But the Lord will take this into account too, and for that reason it's better to talk it over—as I've already said other times (and even everything I'm saying now, though I don't remember it well, and I see it matters a great deal, especially if they are women)—with their confessor, and that he be the right kind. And there are many more women than men to whom the Lord grants these favors, and I heard this from the holy Friar Peter of Alcántara, and I've also seen it myself: he used to say that women made much more progress on this path than men, and he gave excellent reasons for it, which there's no need to repeat here, all in favor of women. Once while I was at prayer, something was shown to me very briefly — I didn't see any formed thing, but it was a representation with complete clarity — of how all things are seen in God, and how He holds them all within Himself.✦ I don't know how to put this in writing; but it was deeply imprinted on my soul, and it's one of the great mercies the Lord has done for me, and one of those that have most confounded and shamed me when I remember the sins I've committed. I believe that if the Lord had been pleased for this to be seen at another time, and if those who offend Him saw it, they wouldn't have the heart or the daring to do it.14 It seemed to me — I already say I can't affirm that I saw anything; yet something must be seen, since I can make this comparison — only it comes in so subtle and delicate a way that the understanding can't reach it, or else I don't know how to make sense of myself in these visions, which don't seem imaginary, and in some of them there must be something of this; only, since the faculties are in rapture, afterward they don't know how to form it as the Lord represents it to them there and wants them to enjoy it. Let's say the Divinity is like a very clear diamond, far greater than the whole world, or a mirror, like what I said about the soul in that other vision — except that it is in so exalted a way that I won't know how to praise it enough — and that everything we do is seen in this diamond, in such a way that it encloses everything within itself, because nothing goes outside this greatness.✦ It was a terrifying thing for me, in so brief a space, to see so many things together here in this clear diamond; and most pitiful every time I remember it, to see what ugly things were shown in that pure clarity — as my sins were. And that's how it is: when I remember it, I don't know how I can bear it; and so I was left then so ashamed that I didn't know, it seems to me, where to hide myself. Oh, if only someone could make those who commit such dishonest and ugly sins understand this, so they would remember that these sins aren't hidden, and that God rightly feels them — since they pass so present before His Majesty, and we conduct ourselves so irreverently before Him!✦ I saw how fully hell is deserved for a single mortal sin, because no one can grasp how terribly grave a thing it is to commit it before so great a Majesty, and how utterly foreign such things are to who He is; and so His mercy is seen all the more, since even though we understand all this, He still bears with us.15 It's made me consider: if something like this leaves the soul so terrified, what will the Day of Judgment be like, when this Majesty shows itself to us clearly and we see the offenses we've committed? Oh, God help me—what blindness this is that I've carried! I've often been astonished at what I've written, and Your Reverence shouldn't be astonished except at how I go on living while seeing these things and looking at myself.16 Blessed forever be the One who has borne with me so much.
Visions of the Future of Religious Orders
Teresa receives visions about the future flourishing of certain religious orders, including their role in defending the faith and the promise of martyrs.
Once when I was at prayer with deep recollection, sweetness, and quiet, it seemed to me that I was surrounded by angels and very near God; I began to plead with His Majesty for the Church. It was given me to understand the great good an Order was to do in the latter times, and the fortitude with which those belonging to it are to uphold the faith.✦17 Once when I was praying near the Most Holy Sacrament, a saint appeared to me whose Order has been somewhat in decline: he held a large book in his hands, opened it, and told me to read some lettering that was large and very clear, and it said this: In the times to come this Order will flourish; there will be many martyrs. Another time, while I was at Matins in the choir, six or seven figures were shown to me—I think they must have been from this same Order—with swords in their hands. I think this is meant to show that they are to defend the faith, because another time, while I was at prayer, my spirit was caught up, and it seemed to me I was in a great field where many were fighting, and these of this Order were fighting with great fervor. They had beautiful faces, flushed as with fire, and they threw many to the ground, defeated; others they killed. It seemed to me this battle was against the heretics.18 I've seen this glorious saint several times, and he has told me some things and thanked me for the prayer I offer for his Order, and promised to commend me to the Lord. I don't name the Orders; if the Lord is pleased for them to be known, He will make them known, so that others won't take offense. But each Order ought to strive—or each of them on its own—that through its means the Lord would make its Order so blessed that in so great a need as the Church now has, they would serve Him. Blessed are the lives that end in this.19
On Divine Favors and the Spiritual Journey
Teresa receives advice on seeking prelacies, reflects on the many favors God has given her, and describes her struggles with bodily frailty, her desire for suffering, and her state of detachment from worldly things.
Someone once asked me to plead with God to let him understand whether taking a bishopric would be of service to Him. The Lord said to me just after I had received Communion: When he understands with complete truth and clarity that true lordship is to possess nothing, then he may take it—making clear that anyone who is to hold prelacies, or even only to seek them, must be far from desiring or wanting them.2021 These favors and many others the Lord has done—and still does, very continually—for this sinner, so it seems to me there's no need to tell them, since from what's already been said you can understand my soul and the spirit the Lord has given me. May He be blessed forever, for He has taken such care of me. He told me once, comforting me, that I shouldn't wear myself out over this (He said it with so much love)—that in this life we couldn't always remain in one state; that sometimes I would have fervor, and at other times I'd be without it; sometimes with unrest, and other times with quiet and temptations—but that I should hope in Him and not be afraid.2223 One day I was wondering whether it was an attachment to take comfort in being with the people I talk to about my soul, and to love them—and those I see as true servants of God, since I found consolation with them. He told me that if a sick person in danger of death thinks a doctor has restored his health, it isn't a virtue to fail to thank him and not to love him.24 What would I have done if it weren't for these people? Conversation with good people does no harm—only that my words should always be weighty and holy—and that I shouldn't stop dealing with them, for it would be more benefit than harm.25 This comforted me greatly, because sometimes, thinking it was an attachment, I wanted to stop dealing with them altogether. This Lord always advised me in everything, even telling me how I should deal with the weak, and with certain people. He never neglects me. Sometimes I'm weary of seeing how little use I am in His service, and of seeing that I have no choice but to spend more time on a body as frail and wretched as mine than I would want. Once I was at prayer when it was time to go to sleep, and I was in a lot of pain and had to go through my usual vomiting. Seeing myself so caught up in myself, and my spirit on the other hand wanting time for itself, I found myself so worn out that I began to cry hard and distress myself.26 This isn't only once, but, as I say, many times — it seems an anger against myself would come over me, so that for that moment I truly hate myself; but what's constant is knowing about myself that I don't hold myself in hatred, nor do I fail to do what I see is necessary for me. May it please the Lord that I not take much more than is needed of what I ought to do.27 This time I'm speaking of, while I was in this distress, the Lord appeared to me and comforted me greatly, and told me to do these things for love of Him and to bear it, for it was necessary for my life now.28 And so it seems to me I've never found myself in distress since I've been determined to serve with all my strength this Lord and Consoler of mine — for though He would leave me to suffer a little, He would console me so thoroughly that it costs me nothing to desire trials; and so now it doesn't seem to me there's any reason to live except for this, and what I ask of God most willingly.29 I say to Him sometimes with all my will: Lord, either let me die or let me suffer; I ask You nothing else for myself.30 It comforts me to hear the clock, because it seems I draw a little closer to seeing God when I see that hour of life has passed. At other times, I’m in such a state that I don't feel like I’m living, yet I don't seem to want to die either. Instead, I experience a lukewarmness and darkness in everything—as I’ve mentioned—which often comes to me after great trials. Although the Lord wanted these favors that His Majesty grants me to become public—as He told me years ago they would—I grew thoroughly weary of it. I’ve been through a great deal, as Your Reverence knows, because people interpret it however they see fit. Still, it’s been a consolation to know this wasn't my fault; I’ve been extremely careful and strict about not telling anyone except my confessors, or those I knew would hear it from them. This wasn't out of humility, but because, as I’ve said, it pained me even to tell my confessors.31 Now, glory to God, although many criticize me—and with good zeal—and others are afraid to deal with me or even hear my confession, and others say a great deal to me: since I understand that through this means the Lord has wanted to help some souls (because I've seen it clearly, and I remember how much the Lord would suffer for a single one), I care very little about it all. I don't know whether this is partly because His Majesty has put me in this little corner so shut away, where already, like something dead, I thought there would be no more memory of me. But it hasn't been as much as I would have wanted, since I'm forced to speak with some people; yet since I'm not where they can see me, it seems the Lord has already been pleased to cast me into a harbor that I hope in His Majesty will be safe.3233 Because I’m already out of the world and living among a small, holy company, I look at things as if from on high. I care very little now about what people say or what becomes known; I would value a single soul benefiting even a little more than everything that could be said about me. Since I’ve been here, the Lord has been pleased that all my desires end in this.34 He has given me a dreamlike quality in life, so that it almost always feels like I’m dreaming what I see; I don't find any great joy or sorrow in myself. If some things do stir any feeling in me, it passes so quickly that I’m amazed, and it leaves the feeling like something from a dream. This is entirely true: even if I want to take pleasure in that joy or be distressed by that sorrow afterward, it isn't in my power—any more than it would be for a sensible person to feel sorrow or glory over a dream they had. The Lord has already awakened my soul from the things that used to stir me when I wasn't mortified or dead to the world, and His Majesty doesn't want it to go blind again.
Concluding Prayer and Editorial Note
Teresa concludes her account with a prayer, instructions for her confessor, and a final blessing, followed by an editorial note about the manuscript's history.
This is how I live now, my lord and father: I beg God either to take me to Himself, or to give me a way to serve Him. May it please His Majesty that what is written here be of some use to Your Reverence; lack of space has made it hard work—but the work would be a happy one if I've managed to say anything for which the Lord is praised even once. With that I'd count myself paid, even if Your Reverence then burns it.35 I wouldn't want it to go without being seen by those three people Your Reverence knows, since they are and have been my confessors—because if it turns out badly, it's right that they lose the good opinion they have of me; and if it turns out well, they are good and learned men: I know they'll see where it comes from, and they'll praise the One who has spoken it through me. May His Majesty always keep Your Reverence in His hand, and make you so great a saint that with your spirit and light you may enlighten this miserable woman—so little humble and so very bold—who has dared to set herself to writing on such lofty things. May it please the Lord that I haven't gone wrong in this, since my intention and desire were to get it right and to obey, and that through me the Lord might be praised in some way—which is what I've been begging Him for many years. And since I fall short of the works for that, I've dared to set in order this disordered life of mine; though without spending more care or time on it than was needed to write it, simply putting down what has happened to me with all the plainness and truth I could.36 May it please the Lord—since He is powerful, and if He wills He can—to will that in everything I succeed in doing His will, and not allow this soul to be lost, which with so many devices and ways, and so many times, His Majesty has drawn out of hell and brought to Himself.37 Amen. Jesus.38 May the Holy Spirit always be with you. Amen. It wouldn't be wrong to press this service upon Your Reverence, to bind you to take great care in recommending me to our Lord—for given what I've gone through in seeing myself written down, and bringing so many of my miseries to mind, I well could; and yet I can truly say I've felt more in writing the favors the Lord has done me than in writing the offenses I've committed against His Majesty.3940 I've done what you ordered me to do by writing at length, on the condition that you do what you promised me: tear up whatever seems wrong to you. I hadn't even finished reading it over after writing it when you sent for it. Some things may be poorly explained, and others repeated, because I've had so little time that I couldn't go back and look over what I was writing. I beg you to correct it and have it copied if it's to be taken to Father.41 Master Ávila, because someone might recognize the handwriting. I very much want arrangements made for him to see it, since I began writing it with that intention; for if it seems to him that I'm on the right path, I'll be greatly comforted, since I've already done all that's in my power. In everything let Your Reverence do as you see fit; and see that you are bound to one who thus entrusts her soul to you. I will commend you to our Lord all my life: so hurry to serve His Majesty—do me that kindness—for from what is written here you'll see how well spent it is to give yourself entirely, as you've already begun to do, to the One who gives Himself to us without measure.42 May He be forever blessed, for I hope in His mercy that we will meet where you and I may see more clearly the great favors He has done for us, and may we praise Him forever and ever.43 Amen. This book was finished in June, in the year 1562. This date is understood to refer to the first time Mother Teresa of Jesus wrote it, without chapter divisions.44 Afterwards she made this copy, and added many things that happened after this date.45 Such as the foundation of the monastery of Saint Joseph of Avila.46 As appears on folio 169.47 Fray D.48 Bañes."49
Read the original Spanish
Prosigue en la mesma materia de decir las grandes mercedes, que el Señor la ha hecho. De algunas se puede tomar harto buena dotrina, que este ha sido, segun ha dicho, su principal intento despues de obedecer, poner las que son para provecho de las almas. Con este capítulo se acaba el discurso de su vida, que es cribió. Sea para gloria de el Señor: amen.
Estando una vez en oracion, era tanto el deleite, que en mí sentia, que como yndina de tal bien, comencé á pensar en cómo merecia mijor estar en el lugar, que yo habia visto estar para mí en el infierno, que, como he dicho, nunca olvido de la manera que allí me ví. Comenzóse con esta consideracion á inflamar mas mi alma, y vínome un arrobamiento de espíritu, de suerte, que yo no lo sé decir. Parecióme estar metido, y lleno de aquella majestad, que he entendido otras veces. En esta majestad se me dió á entender una verdad, que es cumplimiento de todas las verdades: no sé yo decir cómo, porque no ví nada. Dijéronme, sin ver quien, mas bien entendí ser la mesma verdad—No es poco esto que hago por ti, que una de las cosas es en que mucho me debes, porque todo el daño que viene al mundo, es de no conocer las verdades de la Escritura con clara verdad: no faltará una tilde de ella. A mí me pareció, que siempre yo habia creido esto, y que todos los fieles lo creian. Dijome—¡Ay hija, que pocos me aman con verdad, que si me amasen, no les encubriria yo mis secretos! ¿Sabes qué es amarme con verdad?
Entender, que todo es mentira lo que no es agradable á mí: con claridad verás esto, que ahora no entiendes, en lo que aprovecha á tu alma. Y ansí lo he visto, sea el Señor alabado, que después acá tanta vanidad y mentira me parece lo que yo no veo va guiado al servicio de Dios, que no lo sabria yo decir como lo entiendo, y la lástima que me hacen los que veo con la escuridad que están en esta verdad, y con esto otras ganancias que aquí diré, y muchas no sabré decir. Dijome aquí el Señor una particular palabra de grandísimo favor. Yo no sé cómo esto fué, porque no ví nada, mas quedé de una suerte, que tampoco sé decir, con grandísima fortaleza, y muy de veras para cumplir con todas mis fuerzas la más pequeña parte de la Escritura divina. Paréceme que ninguna cosa se me pornia delante, que no pasase por esto.
Quedóme una verdad de esta divina verdad, que se me representó sin saber como ni qué esculpida, que me hace tener un nuevo acatamiento á Dios, porque da noticia de su Majestad y poder, de una manera, que no se puede decir: sé entender que es una gran cosa. Quedóme muy gran gana de no hablar, sino cosas muy verdaderas, que vayan adelante de lo que acá se trata en el mundo, y ansí comencé á tener pena de vivir en él. Dejóme con gran ternura y regalo y humildad. Paréceme que, sin entender cómo, me dió el Señor aquí mucho: no me quedó ninguna sospecha de que era ilusion. No ví nada, mas entendí el gran bien que hay en no hacer caso de cosa, que no sea para llegarnos mas á Dios: y ansí entendí, que cosa es andar un alma en verdad, delante de la mesma verdad. Esto que entendí es, darme el Señor á entender, que es la mesma verdad.
Todo lo que he dicho entendí hablándome algunas veces, y otras sin hablarme, con mas claridad algunas cosas, que las que por palabras se me decian. Entendí grandísimas verdades sobre esta verdad, mas que si muchos letrados me lo hubieran enseñado. Paréceme, que en ninguna manera me pudieran imprimir ansí, ni tan claramente se me diera á entender la vanidad de este mundo. Esta verdad, que digo se me dió á entender, es en sí mesma verdad, y es sin principio ni fin, y todas las demás verdades dependen de esta verdad, como todos los demás amores de este amor, y todas las demás grandezas de esta grandeza, aunque esto va dicho escuro, para la claridad con que á mí el Señor quiso se me diese á entender. ¡Y cómo se parece el poder de esta majestad, pues en tan breve tiempo deja tan gran ganancia, y tales cosas imprimidas en el alma! ¡Oh Grandeza y Majestad mia! ¿Qué haceis, Señor mio, todo poderoso? ¡Mirad á quien haceis tan soberanas mercedes!
No os acordais que ha sido esta alma un abismo de mentiras y piélago de vanidades, y todo por mi culpa; que con haberme Vos dado natural de aborrecer el mentir, yo mesma me hice tratar en muchas cosas mentira. ¿Cómo se sufre, Dios mio, cómo se compadece tan gran favor y merced, á quien tan mal os lo ha merecido?
Estando una vez en las Horas con todas, de presto se recogió mi alma, y parecióme ser como un espejo claro toda, sin haber espaldas ni lados ni alto ni bajo, que no estuviese toda clara, y en el centro de ella se me representó Cristo nuestro Señor, como le suelo ver. Parecíame en todas las partes de mi alma le via claro, como en un espejo, y tambien este espejo, yo no sé decir cómo, se esculpia todo en el mesmo Señor, por una comunicacion, que yo no sabré decir, muy amorosa. Sé que me fué esta vision de gran provecho, cada vez que se me acuerda, en especial cuando acabo de comulgar. Dióseme á entender, que estar un alma en pecado mortal, es cubrirse este espejo de gran niebla y quedar muy negro, y ansí no se puede representar, ni ver este Señor, aunque esté siempre presente dándonos el ser; y que los herejes, es como si el espejo fuese quebrado, que es muy peor que escurecido. Es muy diferente el cómo se ve, á decirse, porque se puede mal dar á entender. Mas háme hecho mucho provecho, y gran lástima de las veces, que con mis culpas escurecí mi alma, para no ver este Señor.
Paréceme provechosa esta vision para personas de recogimiento, para enseñarse á considerar á el Señor en lo muy interior de su alma; que es consideracion que mas se apega, y muy mas frutuosa, que fuera de sí, como otras veces he dicho; y en algunos libros de oracion está escrito, adonde se ha de buscar á Dios: en especial lo dice el glorioso san Agustin, que ni en las plazas ni los contentos ni por ninguna parte que le buscaba, le hallaba como dentro de sí. Y esto es muy claro ser mijor: y no es menester ir al cielo, ni mas lejos, que á nosotros mesmos, porque es cansar el espíritu y distraer el alma, y no con tanto fruto. Una cosa quiero avisar aquí, por si alguno la tuviere, que acaece en gran arrobamiento; que pasado aquel rato que el alma está en union, que del todo tiene absortas las potencias (y esto dura poco, como he dicho) quedarse el alma recogida, y aun en lo esterior no poder tornar en sí, mas quedan las dos potencias, memoria y entendimiento casi con frenesí muy desatinadas. Esto digo que acaece alguna vez, en especial á los principios. Pienso si procede de que no puede sufrir nuestra flaqueza natural tanta fuerza de espíritu, y enflaquece la imaginacion. Sé que les acaece á algunas personas. Ternia por bueno, que se forzasen á dejar por entonces la oracion, y la cobrasen en otro tiempo: aquel que pierden, que no sea junto, porque podrá venir á mucho mal. Y de esto hay espiriencia, y de cuán acertado es mirar lo que puede nuestra salud.
En todo es menester espiriencia y maestro, porque, llegada el alma á estos términos, muchas cosas se ofrecen, que es menester con quien tratarlo: y si buscado no le hallare, el Señor no le faltará, pues no me ha faltado a mí, siendo la que soy; porque creo hay pocos que hayan llegado á la espiriencia de tantas cosas; y si no la hay, es por demás dar remedio sin inquietar y afligir. Mas esto tambien tomará el Señor en cuenta, y por esto es mejor tratarlo, como ya he dicho otras veces, (y aun todo lo que ahora digo, sino que no se me acuerda bien, y veo importa mucho, en especial si son mujeres) con su confesor, y que sea tal. Y hay muchas mas que hombres, á quien el Señor hace estas mercedes, y esto oi al santo fray Pedro de Alcántara, y tambien lo he visto yo, que decia, aprovechaban mucho mas en este camino que hombres, y daba de ello escelentes razones, que no hay para qué las decir aquí, todas en favor de las mujeres.
Estando una vez en oracion, se me representó muy en breve, sin ver cosa formada, mas fué una representacion con toda claridad, como se ven en Dios todas las cosas, y como las tiene todas en sí. Saber escribir esto, yo no lo sé; mas quedó muy imprimido en mi alma, y es una de las grandes mercedes que el Señor me ha hecho, y de las que mas me han hecho confundir y avergonzar, acordándome de los pecados que he hecho. Creo, si el Señor fuera servido, viera esto en otro tiempo, y si lo viesen los que le ofenden, que no ternian corazon, ni atrevimiento para hacerlo. Parecióme, ya digo sin poder afirmarme en que ví nada; mas algo se debe ver, pues yo podré poner esta comparacion, sino que es por modo tan sutil y delicado, que el entendimiento no lo debe alcanzar, ó yo no me sé entender en estas visiones, que no parecen imaginarias, y en algunas algo de esto debe haber, sino que como son en arrobamiento las potencias, no lo saben despues formar, como allí el Señor se lo representa, y quiere que lo gocen. Digamos ser la Divinidad como un muy claro diamante, muy mayor que todo el mundo, ó espejo, á manera de lo que dije del alma en estotra vision, salvo que es por tan subida manera, que yo no lo sabré encarecer, y que todo lo que hacemos se ve en este diamante, siendo de manera, que él encierra todo en sí, porque no hay nada que salga fuera de esta grandeza. Cosa espantosa me fué en tan breve espacio ver tantas cosas juntas aquí en este claro diamante, y lastimosísima cada vez que se me acuerda, ver qué cosas tan feas se representaban en aquella limpieza de claridad, como eran mis pecados. Y es ansí, que cuando se me acuerda, yo no sé cómo lo puedo llevar, y ansí quedé entonces tan avergonzada, que no sabia me parece adonde me meter. ¡Oh, quien pudiese dar á entender esto á los que muy deshonestos y feos pecados hacen, para que se acuerden que no son ocultos, y que con razón los siente Dios, pues tan presentes á su Majestad pasan, y tan desacatadamente nos habemos delante de El!
Vi cuán bien se mereceel infierno por una sola culpa mortal, porque no se puede entender cuán gravísima cosa es hacerla delante de tan gran Majestad, y que tan fuera de quien El es son cosas semejantes; y ansí se ve mas su misericordia, pues entendiendo nosotros todo esto nos sufre. Háme hecho considerar, si una cosa como esta ansí deja espantada el alma, ¿qué será el dia del juicio, cuando esta majestad claramente se nos mostrará, y veremos las ofensas que hemos hecho? ¡Oh, válame Dios, qué ceguedad es esta que yo he traido! Muchas veces me he espantado en esto que he escrito, y no se espante vuesa mer ced sino como vivo viendo estas cosas, y mirándome á mí. Sea bendito por siempre quien tanto me ha sufrido.
Estando una vez en oracion con mucho recogimiento, suavidad y quietud, parecíame estar rodeada de ángeles, y muy cerca de Dios; comencé á suplicar á su Majestad por la Iglesia. Dióseme á entender el gran provecho que, habia de hacer una Orden en los tiempos postreros, y con la fortaleza que los de ella han de sustentar la fe.
Estando una vez rezando cerca del santísimo Sacramento aparecióme un santo, cuya Orden ha estado algo caída: tenia en las manos un libro grande, abrióle y díjome, que leyese unas letras, que eran grandes, y muy legibles, y decian ansi: En los tiempos advenideros florecerá esta Orden, habrá muchos mártires.»
Otra vez estando en Maitines en el coro, se me representaron, y pusieron delante seis ú siete, me parece serian de esta mesma Orden, con espadas en las manos. Pienso que se da en esto á entender han de defender la fe; porque otra vez estando en oracion, se arrebató mi espíritu, parecióme estar en un gran campo, adonde se combatian muchos, y estos de esta Orden peleaban con gran hervor. Tenian los rostros hermosos y muy encendidos, y echaban muchos en el suelo vencidos, otros mataban: pareciame esta batalla contra los herejes. A este glorioso santo he visto algunas veces, y me ha dicho algunas cosas, y agradecídome la oracion que hago por su Orden; y prometido de encomendarme á el Señor. No señalo las Ordenes, si el Señor es servido se sepa las declarará, porque no se agravien otras, mas cada Orden habia de procurar, ú cada una de ellas por sí, que por sus medios hiciese el Señor tan dichosa su Orden, que en tan gran necesidad, como ahora tiene la Iglesia, le sirviesen: dichosas vidas, que en esto se acabaren.
Rogóme una persona una vez, que suplicase á Dios, le diese á entender, si seria servicio suyo tomar un obispado. Díjome el Señor acabando de comulgar Cuando entendiere con toda verdad y claridad, que el verdadero señorío es no poseer nada, entonces le podrá tomar; dando á entender, que ha de estar muy fuera de desearlo ni quererlo, quien hubiere de tener perlacías, ú al menos de procurarlas.
Estas mercedes y otras muchas ha hecho el Señor, y hace muy contino á esta pecadora, que me parece no hay para qué las decir, pues por lo dicho se puede entender mi alma, y el espíritu que me ha dado el Señor. Sea bendito por siempre, que tanto cuidado ha tenido de mí.
Díjome una vez consolándome, que no me fatigase (esto con mucho amor), que en esta vida no podiamos estar siempre en un ser, que unas veces ternia hervor, y otras estaria sin él; unas con desasociegos, y otras con quietud y tentaciones, mas que esperase en El y no temiese.
Estaba un dia pensando, si era asimiento darme contento estar con las personas que trato mi alma, y tenerlas amor, y á los que yo veo muy siervos de Dios, que me consolaba con ellos: me dijo que si á un enfermo, que estaba en peligro de muerte, le parece le da salud un médico, que no era virtud dejárselo de agradecer, y no le amar. Que, ¿qué hubiera hecho, sino fuera por estas personas? Que la conversacion de los buenos no dañaba, mas que siempre fuesen mis palabras pesadas y santas, y que no los dejase de tratar, que antes seria provecho que daño. Consolóme mucho esto, porque algunas veces, pareciéndome asimiento, queria del todo no tratarlos. Siempre en todas las cosas me aconsejaba este Señor, hasta decirme cómo me habia de haber con los flacos, y con algunas personas. Jamás se descuida de mí; algunas veces estoy fatigada de verme para tan poco en su servicio, y de ver que por fuerza he de ocupar el tiempo en cuerpo tan flaco y ruin como mio, mas de lo que yo queria.
Estaba una vez en oracion y vino la hora de ir á dormir, y yo estaba con hartos dolores, y habia de tener el vómito ordinario. Como me ví tan atada de mí, y el espíritu por otra parte queriendo tiempo para sí, vime tan fatigada, que comencé á llorar mucho y á afligirme. Esto no es sola una vez, sino, como digo, muchas, que me parece me daba un enojo contra mí mesma, que en forma por entonces me aborrezco; mas lo contino es entender de mí, que no me tengo aborrecida, ni falto á lo que veo me es necesario; plega el Señor que no tome muchas mas de lo que es menester, que si debo hacer. Esta que digo, estando en esta pena, me apareció el Señor, y regaló mucho, y me dijo, que hiciese yo estas cosas por amor de El, y lo pasase, que era menester ahora mi vida. Y ansi me parece que nunca me ví en pena, despues que estoy determinada á servir con todas mis fuerzas á este Señor y consolador mio, que aunque me dejaba un poco padecer, me consolaba de manera, que no hago nada en desear trabajos; y ansí ahora no me parece hay para qué vivir, sino para esto, y lo que mas de voluntad pido á Dios. Dígole algunas veces con toda ella—Señor, ú morir ú padecer; no os pido otra cosa para mí. Dáme consuelo oir el relox, porque me parece me allego un poquito mas para ver á Dios, de que veo ser pasada aquella hora de la vida.
Otras veces estoy de manera, que ni siento vivir, ni me parece he gana de morir, sino con una tibieza y escuridad en todo, como he dicho, que tengo muchas veces de grandes trabajos. Y con haber querido el Señor se sepan en público estas mercedes, que su Majestad me hace (como me lo dijo algunos años ha que lo habian de ser, que me fatigué yo harto, y hasta ahora no he pasado poco, como vuesa merced sabe, porque cada uno lo toma como le parece) consuelo me ha sido no ser por mi culpa, porque en no lo decir, sino á mis confesores ú á personas, que sabia de ellos los sabian, he tenido gran aviso y estremo; y no por humildad, sino porque como he dicho, aun á los mesmos confesores me daba pena decirlo. Ahora ya, gloria á Dios, aunque mucho me mormuran, y con buen celo, y otros temen tratar conmigo y aun confesarme, y otros me dicen hartas cosas: como entiendo, que por este medio ha querido el Señor remediar algunas almas (porque lo he visto claro, y me acuerdo de lo mucho que por una sola pasára el Señor) muy poco se me da todo. No sé si es parte para esto, haberme su Majestad metido en este rinconcito tan encerrado, y adonde ya, como cosa muerta, pensé no hubiera más memoria de mímas no ha sido tanto como yo quisiera, que forzado he de hablar á algunas personas; mas como no estoy adonde me vean, parece ya fué el Señor servido echarme á un puerto, que espero en su Majestad será siguro. Por estar ya fuera de mundo, y entre poca y santa compañía, miro como desde lo alto, y dáseme ya bien poco de que digan ni se sepa: en mas ternia se aprovechase un tantito un alma, que todo lo que de mí se puede decir, que despues que estoy aquí, ha sido el Señor servido, que todos mis deseos paren en esto. Y háme dado una manera de sueño en la vida, que casi siempre me parece estoy soñando lo que veo, ni contento ni pena, que sea mucha, no la veo en mí. Si alguna me dan algunas cosas, pasa con tanta brevedad, que yo me maravillo, y deja el sentimiento, como una cosa que soñó: y esto es entera verdad, que aunque despues yo quiera holgarme de aquel contento, ú pesarme de aquella pena, no es en mi mano, sino como lo seria á una persona discreta tener pena ú gloria de un sueño que soñó, porque ya mi alma la despertó el Señor de aquello, que por no estar yo mortificada, ni muerta á las cosas del mundo, me habia hecho sentimiento, y no quiere su Majestad que se torne á cegar.
De esta manera vivo ahora, señor y padre mio: suplique vuesa merced á Dios ú me lleve consigo, ú me de como le sirva. Plega a su Majestad esto, que aquí va escrito, haga á vuesa merced algun provecho, que por el poco lugar ha sido con trabajo: mas dichoso seria el trabajo si he acertado á decir algo, que sola una vez se alabe por ello el Señor, que con esto me daria por pagada, aunque vuesa merced luego lo queme. No querria fuese sin que lo viesen las tres personas, que vuesa merced sabe, pues son y han sido confesores mios, porque si va mal, es bien pierdan la buena opinion que tienen de mí; y, si va bien, son buenos y letrados: sé que verán de donde viene, y alabarán á quien lo ha dicho por mí. Su Majestad tenga siempre á vuesa merced de su mano, y le haga tan gran santo, que con su espíritu y luz alumbre á esta miserable, poco humilde y mucho atrevida, que se ha osado determinar á escribir en cosas tan subidas. Plega el Señor no haya en ello errado, tiniendo intencion y deseo de acertar y de obedecer, y que por mí se alabase en algo el Señor (que es lo que há muchos años que le suplico) y como me faltan para esto las obras, héme atrevido á concertar esta mi disbaratada vida; aunque no gastando en ello mas cuidado, ni tiempo de lo que ha sido menester para escribirla, sino poniendo lo que ha pasado por mí, con toda la llaneza y verdad que yo he podido. Plega el Señor, pues es poderoso, y si quiere puede, quiera que en todo acierte yo á hacer su voluntad, y no primita se pierda esta alma, que con tantos artificios y maneras, y tantas veces, ha sacado su Majestad de el infierno, y traido á sí. Amen.
Jhs.
El Espíritu Santo sea siempre con vuesa merced, amen. No seria malo encarecer á vuesa merced este servicio, por obligarle á tener mucho cuidado de encomendarme a nuestro Señor, que sigun lo que he pasado en verme escrita, y traer á la memoria tantas miserias mias, bien podria; aunque con verdad puedo decir, que he sentido mas en escribir las mercedes, que el Señor me ha hecho, que las ofensas que yo á su Majestad. Yo he hecho lo que vuesa merced me mandó en alargarme, á condicion que vuesa merced haga lo que me prometió, en romper lo que mal le pareciere. No habia acabado de leerlo despues de escrito, cuando vuesa merced envia por él. Puede ser vayan algunas cosas mal declaradas, y otras puestas dos veces, porque ha sido tan poco el tiempo que he tenido, que no podia tornar á ver lo que escribia: suplico a vuesa merced lo enmiende, y mande trasladar, si se ha de llevar á el P. maestro Avila, porque podria ser conocer alguien la letra. Yo deseo harto se dé orden en como lo vea, pues con ese intento lo comencé á escribir; porque como á él le parezca voy por buen camino, quedaré muy consolada, que ya no me queda mas para hacer lo que es en mí. En todo haga vuesa merced como le pareciere; y vea está obligado á quien ansí le fia su alma.
La de vuesa merced encomendaré yo toda mi vida á nuestro Señor: por eso dese priesa á servir á su Majestad, para hacerme á mí merced, pues verá vuesa merced por lo que aquí va cuán bien se emplea en darse todo, como vuesa merced lo ha comenzado, á quien tan sin tasa se nos da. Sea bendito por siempre, que yo espero en su misericordia nos veremos adonde mas claramente vuesa merced y yo veamos las grandes, que ha hecho con nosotros, y para siempre jamás le alabemos. Amen. Acabóse este libro en junio, año de mdlxii.
«Esta fecha se entiende de la primera vez que le escribió la madre Teresa de Jesus, sin distincion de capítulos. Despues hizo este treslado, y añadió muchas cossas, que acontecieron despues desta fecha. Como es la fundacion del monasterio de san Joseph de Avila. Como en la oja 169 pareze. Fray D. ° Bañes.»
Scripture echoes
- ↩Heb.4.13;Acts.17.28 — And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account. Acts.17.28 — For in him we live and move and have our being, as even some of your own poets have said, 'For we are also his offspring.'
- ↩Heb.4.13 — And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.
- ↩Heb.4.13 — And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.
- ↩1Tim.4.1;2Tim.3.1;1Pet.1.20 — Now the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will abandon the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and teachings of demons. 2Tim.3.1 — But know this: that in the last days difficult times will come. 1Pet.1.20 — He was foreknown before the foundation of the world, but was revealed at the end of the ages for your sake.
Notes
- 1 ↩Source reading "que es cribió" is almost certainly a corrupted split of "que escribió" ("which she wrote"); translated on that intended sense.
- 2 ↩Source yndina / mijor read as indigna / mejor (unworthy / better), standard Golden Age orthography.
- 3 ↩metido / lleno are masculine; rendered as Teresa's own experience of immersion in divine majesty, matching her usual mystical usage.
- 4 ↩la mesma verdad rendered as Truth itself (divine Truth speaking), continuing the prior 'truth that fulfills all truths'.
- 5 ↩Spanish 'lo que yo no veo va guiado al servicio de Dios' is dense and slightly elliptical; rendered as 'whatever I don't see guided to the service of God' (i.e., whatever does not appear ordered to God's service).
- 6 ↩'pasase por esto' can mean endure/undergo for this end, or pass through whatever stands in the way; rendered as 'go through for this,' keeping the sacrificial resolve.
- 7 ↩Spanish 'esculpida' (carved/engraved) is kept as 'engraved' for Teresa's image of a truth impressed in the soul; 'acatamiento' rendered as 'reverence'.
- 8 ↩Spanish 'regalo' in Teresa's mystical register often means spiritual delight or consoling favor; rendered here as 'consolation'.
- 9 ↩Verdád / amor / grandeza here name God as Truth, Love, and Greatness themselves; remaining truths, loves, and greatnesses are derivative.
- 10 ↩"se esculpia" rendered as "was all engraved"; Teresa's image is of the mirror-soul being sculpted or impressed wholly in the Lord through loving communication.
- 11 ↩Source "mijor" read as "mejor" (better).
- 12 ↩"aquel que pierden, que no sea junto": rendered as advice against immediately joining the lost prayer-time into one continuous stretch; the Spanish is compressed and open to slight paraphrase.
- 13 ↩Old Spanish “es por demás dar remedio sin inquietar y afligir”: rendered as futile remedy-giving that only unsettles and afflicts; “sin” may also mean you cannot intervene without causing disturbance.
- 14 ↩Spanish 'viera' may be first- or third-person imperfect subjunctive; rendered impersonally as 'for this to be seen' to keep both Teresa and offenders in view without forcing an exclusive subject.
- 15 ↩Normalized source reads «mereceel»; translated as «merece el» (deserves / is deserved), the only plausible reading.
- 16 ↩Normalized source splits «vuesa mer ced»; translated as «vuesa merced» (Your Reverence), the standard address form.
- 17 ↩"tiempos postreros" rendered as "latter times" (eschatological last/final days sense); Teresa does not name the Order here.
- 18 ↩Rendered as flushed/kindled fire in the face; the Spanish also carries the sense of faces ablaze with zeal.
- 19 ↩Rendered as divine willingness for disclosure ('if the Lord is pleased...'); Teresa withholds naming Orders to avoid rivalry among them.
- 20 ↩Spanish señorío means lordship/dominion; rendered “true lordship” to keep the play with Señor (the Lord) and the paradox that real rule is possessing nothing.
- 21 ↩perlacías: prelacies—high ecclesiastical offices (bishoprics and the like).
- 22 ↩Spanish 'hervor' is rendered as spiritual 'fervor' (ardor/heat of devotion), not literal boiling.
- 23 ↩'estar siempre en un ser' is Teresa's idiom for remaining always in one and the same interior state or condition.
- 24 ↩asimiento: Teresa's technical term for (disordered) attachment, opposed to detachment.
- 25 ↩palabras pesadas: weighty/serious speech, not frivolous talk.
- 26 ↩"atada de mí" rendered as "bound up in myself": the body/self constraining her, set against the spirit’s hunger for time.
- 27 ↩"en forma" taken as intensifier ("truly/thoroughly"). Closing clause "que si debo hacer" is elliptical; rendered as "of what I ought to do" (the necessary bodily care).
- 28 ↩"regaló" kept as spiritual consolation/tender comfort, not material gifting.
- 29 ↩"no hago nada en desear trabajos" rendered idiomatically as "it costs me nothing to desire trials" (no struggle in wanting hardships).
- 30 ↩"con toda ella" taken as "with all my will," linking back to "voluntad" in the previous sentence.
- 31 ↩mercedes rendered as "favors" (mystical gifts), not misericordia/mercy.
- 32 ↩Normalized reading takes printed "mímas" as "mí. Mas" ("of me. But").
- 33 ↩Printed "siguro" read as "seguro" ("safe").
- 34 ↩Printed "ternia" read as "tendría" ("I would hold/value").
- 35 ↩"por el poco lugar" taken as cramped/limited writing space; could also mean scant opportunity or room to write.
- 36 ↩"disbaratada" read as "disparatada": disordered / muddled, of her life as she narrates it.
- 37 ↩Source "primita" read as "permita" ("not allow"); most plausible intended form.
- 38 ↩Source abbreviation "Jhs." is the traditional Christogram (IHS/JHS) for Jesus; expanded for modern readability rather than left as an opaque monogram.
- 39 ↩Source reads "sigun"; translated as "según" (according to / given).
- 40 ↩"mercedes" rendered as "favors" (divine favors bestowed), not as the honorific "Your Reverence" / "vuesa merced".
- 41 ↩Sentence ends mid-title at "el P."; continued in the next sentence as Master Ávila. "P." taken as Padre (Father).
- 42 ↩«La de vuesa merced» picks up the prior mention of entrusting one's soul; rendered as addressing the confessor personally. «Para hacerme á mí merced» can mean either 'do me that kindness' (by serving God well) or 'so that He may show me favor'; the former fits the letter's close better.
- 43 ↩«Las grandes» is elliptical; the implied noun is mercedes (favors/mercies), continued from the surrounding letter.
- 44 ↩sin distincion de capítulos: without dividing the work into chapters (early-modern Spanish distincion = distinción).
- 45 ↩treslado read as traslado (transcript/fair copy); cossas as cosas.
- 46 ↩Como es taken as exemplifying (such as / for example), introducing an instance of the later additions named in the previous sentence.
- 47 ↩oja read as hoja (leaf/folio); pareze as parece. Folio preferred over page for manuscript leaf numbering.
- 48 ↩Signature fragment continuing into s6; historically Fray Domingo Bañez (Dominican censor/endorser of the Life).
- 49 ↩Leading ° mark left unexpanded (possible abbreviation ornament or scribal sign before Bañes). Closing guillemet closes the editorial note opened in s1. Bañes = Bañez.
The Life (Libro de la Vida) of Teresa of Ávila companion
A daily portion of stillness
Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.
Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.
- Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
- A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
- Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent