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Chapter 2TeresaVida.1.2

Capítulo I

A Household Cultivated in Virtue

Teresa recounts how her parents' virtuous example, love for good books, and instruction in prayer awakened her to virtue in early childhood.

She describes how the Lord began to awaken her soul in childhood to virtuous things, and how much it helps when the parents themselves are virtuous. Having virtuous, God-fearing parents would have been enough for me — along with the favors the Lord showed me — to be good, if I hadn't been so wretched. My father was fond of reading good books, and so he kept them in Spanish so that his children could read them.1 These books, together with the care my mother took to make us pray and to form us as devotees of Our Lady and of some saints, began to awaken me when I was, as I recall, about six or seven years old. It helped me that I never saw my parents show favor except toward virtue. They had many.2 My father was a man of great charity toward the poor and of compassion toward the sick, and even toward the servants — so much so that no one could ever persuade him to keep slaves, because he felt such deep compassion for them; and once, when a slave woman belonging to one of his brothers was staying in the house, he treated her with the same kindness he showed his own children; he said that because she wasn't free, he couldn't bear it out of compassion.3 He was a man of great truthfulness; no one ever heard him swear or speak ill of anyone. He was remarkably upright.4 My mother also had many virtues, and she lived with serious illnesses throughout her life. She was exceptionally modest: though she was very beautiful, no one ever thought she gave any reason for anyone to suppose she was vain about her looks; because even though she died at thirty-three, she already dressed like a much older woman. She was very gentle and had keen understanding.5 The hardships they endured while she was alive were great; she died a very Christian death.6 We were three sisters and nine brothers. By God's goodness, they all took after their parents in virtue—except for me, though I was my father's favorite. And before I began to offend God, he seems to have had some reason for it, because it grieves me when I remember the good inclinations the Lord had given me, and how poorly I knew how to use them. As for my brothers and sisters, they never did anything to stop me from serving God.7

The Longing for Martyrdom and Eternal Rewards

Together with her brother, Teresa read the lives of saints and desired to die as a martyr, leading them to plan a journey to the Moors and later attempt a hermit life.

I had one brother nearly my age; the two of us would get together to read lives of the saints—he was the one I loved most, though I had great love for all of them, and they for me. When I saw the martyrdoms the saints suffered for God, it seemed to me they were buying very cheaply the chance to go and enjoy God, and I longed to die like that—not out of any love for Him that I understood myself to have, but to enjoy so soon the great goods I read there were in heaven. And I would join with this brother of mine to talk over what means there might be for this.8 We planned to go off to the land of the Moors, begging for the love of God, so that they would behead us there; and it seems to me the Lord gave us courage at so tender an age—if we'd found any way—except that having parents seemed to us the greatest obstacle.9 It amazed us greatly that what we were reading said suffering and glory were forever. We would spend long stretches talking about this, and we liked to say over and over: forever, forever, forever. By repeating this for a long while, it pleased the Lord that the way of truth should be impressed upon me in my childhood.✦10 When I saw that it was impossible to go where they would kill me for God, we arranged to become hermits, and in a garden that was at home we tried, as best we could, to make hermitages by piling up little stones that then fell down on us; and so we found no remedy at all for my desire—and now it fills me with devotion to see how promptly God was giving me what I later lost through my own fault. I gave alms as best I could—which was very little.11

Devotion, Loss, and the Dawning of Self-Knowledge

Teresa describes her early prayer and Marian devotion, the death of her mother, and her sorrow over failing to maintain her good desires, concluding with a confession of her own fault.

I used to seek solitude for my devotions, which were many—especially the rosary. My mother was very devout to it, and so she made us devout as well. When I played with other little girls, I loved building monasteries and pretending we were nuns; and it seems to me I wanted to be one, though not as much as the things I've already mentioned. I remember that when my mother died, I was just under twelve years old: as I began to understand what I had lost, distressed, I went to an image of Our Lady, and with many tears I begged her to be my mother. It seems to me that though it was done in simplicity, it has helped me; for I have clearly found this sovereign Virgin whenever I have entrusted myself to her, and in the end she has drawn me back to herself. It wearies me now to see and think about what kept me from remaining wholly true to the good desires I had begun. O my Lord! Since it seems You have determined that I should be saved, may it please Your Majesty that it be so; and having done me so many mercies as You have done, would You not have thought it good — not for my gain, but for Your reverence — that a lodging where You were to dwell so continually should not have been so defiled? It wearies me, Lord, even to say this, because I know that all the fault was mine; because it doesn't seem to me that you left anything undone so that from that age on I might have been completely yours.12 When I try to complain about my parents, I can't do that either, because I saw nothing in them but every kind of good, and care for my welfare.13 So once I'd passed that age and begun to understand the natural gifts the Lord had given me—gifts people said were many—when I ought to have thanked Him for them, I began instead to use every one of them to help me offend Him, as I'll now tell.14

Read the original Spanish

En que trata cómo comenzó el Señor á despertar esta alma en su niñez á cosas virtuosas, y la ayuda que es para esto serlo los padres.

El tener padres virtuosos y temerosos de Dios me bastára, si yo no fuera tan ruin, con lo que el Señor me favorecia, para ser buena. Era mi padre aficionado á leer buenos libros, y ansí los tenia de romance para que leyesen sus hijos. Estos, con el cuidado que mi madre tenia de hacernos rezar, y ponernos en ser devotos de Nuestra Señora y de algunos Santos, comenzó á despertarme, de edad, á mi parecer, de seis ú siete años. Ayudábame no ver en mis padres favor sino para la virtud. Tenian muchas. Era mi padre hombre de mucha caridad con los pobres y piadad con los enfermos, y aun con los criados; tanta, que jamás se pudo acabar con él tuviese esclavos, porque los habia gran piadad; y estando una vez en casa una de un su hermano, la regalaba como á sus hijos; decia, que de que no era libre, no lo podia sufrir de piadad. Era de gran verdad, jamás nadie le oyó jurar ni murmurar. Muy honesto en gran manera.

Mi madre tambien tenia muchas virtudes, y pasó la vida con grandes enfermedades. Grandísima honestidad: con ser de harta hermosura, jamás se entendió que diese ocasion á que ella hacia caso de ella; porque con morir de treinta y tres años, ya su traje era como de persona de mucha edad; muy apacible y de harto entendimiento. Fueron grandes los trabajos que pasaron el tiempo que vivió; murió muy cristianamente. Eramos tres hermanas y nueve hermanos; todos parecieron á sus padres, por la bondad de Dios, en ser virtuosos, sino fuí yo, aunque era la mas querida de mi padre; y antes que comenzase á ofender á Dios, parece tenia alguna razon, porque yo he lástima, cuando me acuerdo las buenas inclinaciones que, el Señor me habia dado, y cuán mal me supe aprovechar de ellas. Pues mis hermanos ninguna cosa me desayudaban á servir á Dios.

Tenia uno casi de mi edad, juntábamonos entramos á leer vidas de santos, que era el que yo mas queria, aunque á todos tenia gran amor y ellos á mí; como vía los martirios, que por Dios los santos pasaban, pareciame compraban muy barato el ir á gozar de Dios, y deseaba yo mucho morir ansí, no por amor que yo entendiese tenerle, sino por gozar tan en breve de los grandes bienes que leia haber en el cielo y juntábame con este mi hermano á tratar qué medio habria para esto.

Concertábamos irnos á tierra de moros, pidiendo por amor de Dios, para que allá nos descabezasen, y paréceme que nos daba el Señor ánimo en tan tierna edad, si viéramos algun medio, sino que el tener padres nos parecia el mayor embarazo. Espantábanos mucho el decir, que pena y gloria era para siempre en lo que leiamos. Acaecíanos estar muchos ratos tratando de esto; y gustábamos de decir muchas veces, para siempre, siempre, siempre. En pronunciar esto mucho rato, era el Señor servido, me quedase en esta niñez imprimido el camino de la verdad. De que vi que era imposible ir adonde me matasen por Dios, ordenábamos ser ermitaños, y en una huerta que habia en casa procurábamos, como podiamos, hacer ermitas, poniendo unas pedrecillas, que luego se nos caian, y ansí no hallábamos remedio en nada para nuestro deseo; que ahora me pone devocion ver cómo me daba Dios tan presto lo que yo perdí por mi culpa. Hacia limosna como podia poco.

Procuraba soledad para rezar mis devociones, que eran hartas, en especial el rosario, de que mi madre era muy devota, y ansí nos hacia serlo. Gustaba mucho, cuando jugaba con otras niñas, hacer monesterios, como que éramos monjas; y yo me parece deseaba serlo, aunque no tanto como las cosas que he dicho.

Acuérdome que cuando murió mi madre, quedé yo de edad de doce años poco menos: como yo comencé á entender lo que habia perdido, afligida fuíme á una imágen de Nuestra Señora, y supliquéla fuese mi madre con muchas lágrimas. Paréceme que aunque se hizo con simpleza, que me ha valido; porque conocidamente he hallado á esta Vírgen soberana en cuanto me he encomendado á ella, y en fin me ha tornado á sí. Fatígame ahora ver y pensar en qué estuvo el no haber yo estado entera en los buenos deseos que comencé. ¡Oh Señor mio! pues parece teneis determinado que me salve, plega á vuestra Majestad sea ansí; y de hacerme tantas mercedes como me habeis hecho, ¿no tuviérades por bien, no por mi ganancia, sino por vuestro acatamiento, que no se ensuciara tanto posada, adonde tan continuo habíades de morar?

Fatigame, Señor, aun decir esto, porque sé que fué mia toda la culpa; porque no me parece os quedó á vos nada por hacer, para que desde esta edad no fuera toda vuestra. Cuando voy á quejarme de mis padres tampoco puedo, porque no via en ellos sino todo bien, y cuidado de mi bien.

Pues pasando de esta edad, que comencé á entender las gracias de naturaleza, que el Señor me habia dado, que segun decian eran muchas, cuando por ellas le habia de dar gracias, de todas me comencé á ayudar para ofenderle, como ahora diré.

Scripture echoes

  1. ↩John.14.6 — Jesus said to him, 'I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.'

Notes

  1. 1 ↩"de romance" means in the vernacular Romance tongue (Castilian Spanish), as opposed to Latin.
  2. 2 ↩Elliptical "muchas" refers back to virtues ("virtud") in the previous sentence.
  3. 3 ↩"piadad" (piedad) rendered as compassion/pity in this human-mercy context; "caridad" kept as charity.
  4. 4 ↩Golden Age "honesto" often means upright, decent, or chaste in conduct, not merely truthful (already covered in s7).
  5. 5 ↩honestidad here is Golden Age Spanish for a woman's chastity/modesty and moral propriety, not mere truth-telling; rendered as modesty to match the beauty and dress context.
  6. 6 ↩trabajos here means trials/hardships, not labors in the occupational sense. Subject of pasaron is left implicit in the Spanish; rendered as the family's shared hardships during her lifetime.
  7. 7 ↩hermanos after naming both sisters and brothers is taken as siblings generally. desayudaban is a rare negative-help verb: they did not hold her back from serving God.
  8. 8 ↩Normalized surface 'juntábamonos entramos' is read as the common early-modern reading 'juntábamonos entrambos' ('the two of us would get together'); 'entramos' as 'we entered' does not fit the syntax before 'á leer'.
  9. 9 ↩embarazo here means obstacle/hindrance (older Spanish), not pregnancy.
  10. 10 ↩era el Señor servido + me quedase is an elliptical older construction meaning it was the Lord's pleasure that...; rendered as 'it pleased the Lord that'.
  11. 11 ↩Compressed source: Hacia limosna como podia poco. Taken as almsgiving within a child's limited means, not as reluctance.
  12. 12 ↩Spanish 'para que desde esta edad no fuera toda vuestra' is slightly opaque in the period construction with preceding 'nada'; the clear intended sense is that God left nothing undone toward her belonging wholly to Him from that age.
  13. 13 ↩Source 'via' is period spelling for 'veía' (I saw / I used to see).
  14. 14 ↩Spanish gracias plays on both senses: gracias de naturaleza = natural gifts/endowments, and dar gracias = give thanks.

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