Moradas primeras, Capítulo 2. Trata de cuán fea cosa es un alma que está en pecado mortal y cómo quiso Dios dar a entender algo de esto a una persona. - Trata también algo sobre el propio conocimiento. - Es de provecho, porque hay algunos puntos de notar. - Dice cómo se han de entender estas moradas.
The Horror of Mortal Sin
A vivid contrast between the soul in grace and the soul in mortal sin, showing how sin darkens and corrupts every good work.
1. Before I go further, I want you to consider what it must be like to see this castle so radiant and beautiful—this eastern pearl, this tree of life planted in the very living waters of life, which is God—when it falls into mortal sin: there is no darkness more dark, nothing so murky and black, that it is not far darker still. Don't try to know more than this: that even though the same sun that gave it such radiance and beauty is still in the center of its soul, it is as if He were not there for it to share in Him—though it is as capable of enjoying His Majesty as crystal is of letting the sun shine in it.1 Nothing does it any good; and from this it follows that all the good works it may do while in mortal sin like this bear no fruit toward gaining glory; because, not proceeding from that source which is God—from whom our virtue is virtue—and separating ourselves from Him, they cannot be pleasing in His eyes; for, after all, the aim of someone who commits a mortal sin is not to please Him, but to give pleasure to the devil, who, being darkness itself, leaves the poor soul made into the same darkness. 2. I know of a person to whom our Lord wanted to show what a soul is like when it sins mortally. That person says it seems to her that if people understood this, no one could possibly sin, even if they took on greater hardships than anyone can imagine in order to flee from occasions of sin.2 And so it gave her a great longing that everyone should understand this; and so may He give you the same longing, daughters—to pray hard to God for those who are in this state, all turned into darkness, and their works the same; because just as from a very clear spring all the little streams that flow from it are clear—as is a soul that is in grace, from which it comes that its works are so pleasing in the eyes of God and of people, because they proceed from this fountain of life, where the soul is like a tree planted in it, which would have neither freshness nor fruit if these did not come from there, since this is what sustains it and keeps it from drying up and makes it bear good fruit—so the soul that by its own fault turns away from this fountain and plants itself in another of pitch-black water and foul smell: everything that runs from it is the same misery and filth.✦✦3 3. It's worth considering here that the fountain and that radiant sun which is in the center of the soul does not lose its radiance and beauty—they are always within it—and nothing can take away its beauty.✦ But if a very black cloth were laid over a crystal that is out in the sun, it's clear that even though the sun shines on it, its brightness won't affect the crystal.4 4. Oh, souls redeemed by the blood of Jesus Christ!✦ Understand yourselves, and have pity on yourselves! How is it possible that, knowing this, you don't try to clear this pitch off this crystal?5 Look: if your life ends, you'll never again enjoy this light. Oh Jesus, what it is to see a soul cut off from that light!6 What a state the poor rooms of the castle are left in! How disturbed the senses become—they are the people who live in those rooms! And the faculties, which are the wardens and stewards and head waiters—what blindness, what mismanagement! In short, as where it stands!7 With the tree that the devil planted there, what fruit can it give?
Two Fruits of Grace
A personal vision leads to the two fruits of great fear of offending God and a mirror for humility, along with an apology for the difficulty of explaining interior things.
5. I once heard a spiritual person say that they weren't shocked by the things someone in mortal sin might do, but by what that person failed to do. May God in his mercy keep us free from so great an evil—for while we live there is nothing that deserves the name of evil except this, since it brings eternal evils without end. This, daughters, is what we should go about fearing, and what we should ask of God in our prayers; because if He does not keep the city, we will labor in vain, since we ourselves are vanity. That person said she had drawn two things from the favor God showed her: first, a very great fear of offending him, and so she was always begging him not to let her fall, seeing such terrible harms; second, a mirror for humility, seeing how any good thing we do does not have its beginning from us, but from this spring where this tree of our souls is planted, and from this sun that gives warmth to our works.8 She says this was shown to her so clearly that whenever she did some good thing, or saw it done, she turned back to its source and understood how without this help we could do nothing; and from this it followed that she would go at once to praise God and, most often, take no notice of herself in any good she did. 6. It wouldn't be time wasted, sisters — neither yours spent reading this, nor mine spent writing it — if we came away with these two things, which the learned and the well-instructed know very well, but which we women, in our dullness, need entirely; and so perhaps the Lord wants comparisons like these to come to our notice. May it please His goodness to give us grace for this. 7. These interior things are so hard to understand that anyone who knows as little as I do will have to say many unnecessary and even foolish things just to say one that hits the mark. Whoever reads this will need patience, since I myself have it for writing what I don't know; for sometimes, to tell the truth, I pick up the paper like a fool, knowing neither what to say nor how to begin. I understand well that it's important for you that I explain some interior things as best I can, because we're always hearing how good prayer is, and our rule requires us to keep it for so many hours, and yet nothing more is explained to us than what we ourselves can manage, and little is explained about the things the Lord works in a soul—I mean the supernatural ones.910 When these things are discussed and explained in many ways, it will be a great comfort to us to consider this heavenly interior craftsmanship, so little understood by mortals even though many walk that path.11 And although in other things I've written the Lord has given some understanding, I realize that I hadn't understood some of them as I do now, afterward—especially the most difficult ones. The hard part is that to reach them—as I've said—many very familiar things will have to be said, because it can't be otherwise for my crude mind.12
Self-Knowledge and the Interior Castle
Teresa returns to the castle metaphor, explaining its many rooms like a palm heart, and emphasizes the necessity of self-knowledge, humility, and fixing our eyes on Christ to avoid the devil’s deceptions.
8. So let's turn back now to our castle of many dwelling places. You shouldn't understand these dwelling places as one after another, like things strung in a row; instead, fix your eyes on the center, which is the room or palace where the King is, and think of it like a palm heart: to get to what's edible, it has many coverings that enclose everything delicious.13 In the same way here, around this room there are many others, and above it the same. For the things of the soul must always be considered with fullness, breadth, and greatness, since that doesn't exaggerate them at all—the soul is capable of far more than we can take in—and this sun that is in this palace communicates itself to every part of it.14 This matters a great deal to any soul that has prayer, little or much: don't corner it or squeeze it tight. Let it walk through these dwelling places, up and down and side to side, for God gave it such great dignity; don't squeeze it into staying a long time in one room alone. Oh—and if it's stuck in self-knowledge!15 How necessary this is—please understand me—even for those the Lord keeps in the same dwelling where He Himself is: however exalted she may be, nothing else will ever do for her, nor could she manage without it even if she wanted to; for humility is always working the honey, like the bee in the hive, and without this everything is lost.16 But let's remember that the bee doesn't stop flying out to gather from the flowers; in the same way, the soul in self-knowledge—believe me—should fly out sometimes to consider the greatness and majesty of her God. There she will find her own lowliness better than by looking at herself, and freer from the vermin that get into the first rooms—which is where self-knowledge is. For although, as I say, it is a great mercy of God that she practice this, too much is as bad as too little, as people say.17 And believe me: with God's power, we'll cultivate far better virtue than when we're tightly bound to our own earth.18 9. I don't know if I've made this clear enough, because knowing ourselves is so important that I wouldn't want there ever to be any slackening in it, however high you've risen into the heavens; for as long as we're on this earth, nothing matters more to us than humility. And so I say again that it's very good—extremely good—to try first to enter the room where this is dealt with, rather than flying off to the others; because this is the way, and if we can go by the safe and level path, why should we want wings to fly?19 Rather, let the soul seek how to profit more in this; and to my mind we never finish knowing ourselves unless we strive to know God. Looking at His greatness, let us turn to our lowliness; and looking at His purity, we'll see our filth; considering His humility, we'll see how far we are from being humble.20 10. There are two gains from this. The first is obvious: white looks much whiter next to black, and black, conversely, looks blacker next to white. The second is that our understanding and will grow nobler and better fitted for every good when we deal with God along with dealing with ourselves. And if we never leave the mire of our miseries, that is a serious drawback.21 Just as we were saying about those in mortal sin—how black and foul-smelling their streams are—so here, though these are not like those, God preserve us, for this is only a comparison, always stuck in the misery of our own earth, the stream will never get out of the mud of fears, faintheartedness, and cowardice: watching whether people are looking at me or not; whether, if I go this way, things will go badly for me; whether I'll dare to begin that work—whether it will be pride; whether it's right for someone as wretched as I to take up something as high as prayer; whether they'll think better of me if I don't follow everyone's path; that extremes aren't good, even in virtue; that, since I'm such a sinner, it will mean falling from higher up; maybe I won't go forward and I'll harm the good; that someone like me doesn't need special practices. 11. Oh, God help me, daughters—how many souls the devil must have caused to lose a great deal along this path! For all this looks like humility to them, and many other things I could mention, and it comes from never quite understanding ourselves; it twists self-knowledge, and if we never leave ourselves behind, I'm not surprised — for this and worse is to be feared.22 That's why I say, daughters, that we should fix our eyes on Christ, our Good, and there we'll learn true humility, and in his saints; and the understanding will be ennobled — as I've said — and self-knowledge won't turn petty and cowardly; for though this is the first dwelling, it is very rich and of such great worth that if a soul slips free of the vermin in it, it won't fail to go forward.2324 Terrible are the devil's schemes and tricks, meant to keep souls from knowing themselves or understanding their path.25
The First Mansions: Darkness and Struggle
Drawing on personal experience, Teresa describes the first dwellings as full of darkness, snakes, and demons, and stresses the need to detach from worldly attachments to enter the second mansions.
12. About these first dwellings, I can give very good signs from experience. That's why I say they shouldn't picture a few rooms, but a million; because souls enter here in many ways, some one way and some another, all with good intention.26 But since the devil always has such a bad intention, he must keep many legions of demons in each one to fight so that souls don't pass from some dwellings to others; and since the poor soul doesn't understand this, he plays optical tricks on us in a thousand ways—something he can't do nearly as much to those closer to where the King is as he can here, because they are still absorbed in the world, plunged into its pleasures, and dizzy with their honors and ambitions, so the soul's vassals (the senses and faculties) don't have the strength God gave them by nature, and these souls are easily overcome, even though they go about wanting not to offend God and do good works.✦2728 Those who find themselves in this state need to turn often, as best they can, to His Majesty, take his blessed Mother as their intercessor, and his saints, so that they may fight for them, because their servants have little strength to defend themselves.29 Truly, in every state we need it to come to us from God.30 May His Majesty give it to us by his mercy. Amen. 13. What a miserable life we live! Because I've said a great deal elsewhere about the harm it does us, daughters, not to understand this matter of humility and self-knowledge well, I won't say more about it here—though it's what matters most to us, and may it please the Lord that I've said something that will help you. 14. You need to notice that in these first dwelling places, almost none of the light that comes from the palace where the King is still reaches them. Because, although they aren't darkened and black as when the soul is in sin, they are darkened in some way so that the one who's in them—I mean the person living there—can't see it, and not through any fault of the room itself—I don't know how to make myself clear—but because with so many evil things, snakes and vipers and poisonous creatures that came in with him, they keep him from noticing the light.31 It's as if someone went into a place where a great deal of sun comes in and had dirt in his eyes, so that he could barely open them. The room is bright, but he doesn't enjoy it because of the obstacle—or rather those wild beasts and animals that make him shut his eyes so he sees nothing but them. That's how it seems a soul must be when, although it isn't in a bad state, it's so caught up in worldly things and so soaked in property or honor or business—as I've said—that even though it would truly want to see and enjoy its own beauty, they won't let it, and it doesn't seem able to wriggle free of so many obstacles. And it matters a great deal, if one is to enter the second dwelling places, that the soul try to set aside unnecessary things and business, each person according to their state in life. This matters so much for reaching the main dwelling that if it doesn't begin to do this, I consider it impossible—and even staying without much danger in the dwelling it's in, though it has entered the castle, because among things so poisonous, sooner or later it's impossible for them not to bite.
Charity as True Perfection
Teresa warns against turning back and falling into worldly distractions, explains the devil’s subtle temptations like indiscreet zeal, and reminds the sisters that true perfection consists in love of God and neighbor, guiding them in fraternal correction and silence.
15. So what would it come to, daughters, if we who are already free of these stumbling blocks—as we are—and who have already gone much farther inside into other secret dwellings of the castle, if by our own fault we turned back out into this uproar, as must happen with many people because of our sins: God has shown them favors, and by their own fault they cast themselves into this misery? Outwardly we are free here; inwardly, may it please the Lord that we be free as well, and that he set us free. Guard yourselves, my daughters, against other people's cares.32 Notice that there are few dwellings in this castle where the demons stop fighting. It's true that in some dwellings the guards have strength to fight—as I think I've said, those are the faculties—but we very much need not to grow careless, so we can see through their tricks and not be deceived by him when he comes disguised as an angel of light; for there are a great many things with which he can harm us, creeping in little by little, and until the harm is done we don't recognize it.3334 16. I've told you before that he's like a silent file, and we need to catch on to him from the start.35 I want to say something to help you understand this better. He plants in a sister such urges to do penance that it seems to her she has no rest except when she's tormenting herself. This beginning is good; but if the prioress has ordered that they not do penance without permission, and he makes it seem to her that in such a good thing she may well dare to go ahead, and she secretly takes on such a life that she ends up losing her health and failing to do what her Rule commands — you already see where this good led. In another he plants a very great zeal for perfection. This is very good; but from here it could follow that any little fault of the sisters would seem to her a great breach, and a concern to watch whether they commit them and report them to the prioress; and sometimes it could even be that she fails to see her own because of the great zeal she has for the religious life.36 Since the others don't understand what is going on inside her and only see her vigilance, they might not take it well. 17. The devil's goal here is significant: to cool the charity and love one sister has for another, which would cause great harm. Understand, my daughters, that true perfection is the love of God and neighbor; the more perfectly we keep these two commandments, the more perfect we will be. Our entire Rule and Constitutions serve no other purpose than to help us keep these commandments more perfectly. Let's abandon any indiscreet zeal, as it can do us a great deal of harm.37 Let each one look to herself. Since I've already told you plenty about this elsewhere, I won't go on at length. 18. This love of one another matters so much that I'd never want you to forget it; because by going around watching others over little trifles — which sometimes won't even be an imperfection, but since we know so little we may put the worst construction on it — the soul can lose its peace and even disturb the peace of the others: see whether that kind of perfection would cost you dearly. The devil could also plant this temptation regarding the prioress, and that would be more dangerous. For this, a great deal of discretion is needed; because if they were things that go against the Rule and Constitutions, you must not always put the best construction on them, but warn her, and if she does not amend, take it to the superior.38 This is charity.39 And the same with the sisters, if it were something serious; and to leave it all alone for fear that it might be a temptation would itself be the temptation. But you must take great care (so the devil doesn't deceive us) not to talk it over with one another, for from that the devil can draw great gain and start a habit of murmuring; only with the person who can do something about it, as I've said. Here, glory to God, there isn't as much room for that, since such continuous silence is kept; but it's still good that we stay on our guard.
Read the original Spanish
1. Antes que pase adelante, os quiero decir que consideréis qué será ver este castillo tan resplandeciente y hermoso, esta perla oriental, este árbol de vida que está plantado en las mismas aguas vivas de la vida, que es Dios, cuando cae en un pecado mortal: no hay tinieblas más tenebrosas, ni cosa tan oscura y negra, que no lo esté mucho más. No queráis más saber de que, con estarse el mismo sol que le daba tanto resplandor y hermosura todavía en el centro de su alma, es como si allí no estuviese para participar de El, con ser tan capaz para gozar de Su Majestad como el cristal para resplandecer en él el sol. Ninguna cosa le aprovecha; y de aquí viene que todas las buenas obras que hiciere, estando así en pecado mortal, son de ningún fruto para alcanzar gloria; porque no procediendo de aquel principio, que es Dios, de donde nuestra virtud es virtud, y apartándonos de El, no puede ser agradable a sus ojos; pues, en fin, el intento de quien hace un pecado mortal no es contentarle, sino hacer placer al demonio, que como es las mismas tinieblas, así la pobre alma queda hecha una misma tiniebla.
2. Yo sé de una persona a quien quiso nuestro Señor mostrar cómo quedaba un alma cuando pecaba mortalmente. Dice aquella persona que le parece si lo entendiesen no sería posible ninguno pecar, aunque se pusiese a mayores trabajos que se pueden pensar por huir de las ocasiones. Y así le dio mucha gana que todos lo entendieran; y así os la dé a vosotras, hijas, de rogar mucho a Dios por los que están en este estado, todos hechos una oscuridad, y así son sus obras; porque así como de una fuente muy clara lo son todos los arroyicos que salen de ella, como es un alma que está en gracia, que de aquí le viene ser sus obras tan agradables a los ojos de Dios y de los hombres, porque proceden de esta fuente de vida, adonde el alma está como un árbol plantado en ella, que la frescura y fruto no tuviera si no le procediere de allí, que esto le sustenta y hace no secarse y que dé buen fruto; así el alma que por su culpa se aparta de esta fuente y se planta en otra de muy negrísima agua y de muy mal olor, todo lo que corre de ella es la misma desventura y suciedad.
3. Es de considerar aquí que la fuente y aquel sol resplandeciente que está en el centro del alma no pierde su resplandor y hermosura que siempre está dentro de ella, y cosa no puede quitar su hermosura. Mas si sobre un cristal que está al sol se pusiese un paño muy negro, claro está que, aunque el sol dé en él, no hará su claridad operación en el cristal.
4. ¡Oh almas redimidas por la sangre de Jesucristo! ¡Entendeos y habed lástima de vosotras! ¿Cómo es posible que entendiendo esto no procuráis quitar esta pez de este cristal? Mirad que, si se os acaba la vida, jamás tornaréis a gozar de esta luz. ¡Oh Jesús, qué es ver a un alma apartada de ella! ¡Cuáles quedan los pobres aposentos del castillo! ¡qué turbados andan los sentidos, que es la gente que vive en ellos!
Y las potencias, que son los alcaides y mayordomos y maestresalas, ¡con qué ceguedad, con qué mal gobierno! En fin, como adonde está ! plantado el árbol que es el demonio, ¿qué fruto puede dar?
5. Oí una vez a un hombre espiritual que no se espantaba de cosas que hiciese uno que está en pecado mortal, sino de lo que no hacía. Dios por su misericordia nos libre de tan gran mal, que no hay cosa mientras vivimos que merezca este nombre de mal, sino ésta, pues acarrea males eternos para sin fin. Esto es, hijas, de lo que hemos de andar temerosas y lo que hemos de pedir a Dios en nuestras oraciones; porque, si El no guarda la ciudad, en vano trabajaremos, pues somos la misma vanidad. Decía aquella persona que había sacado dos cosas de la merced que Dios le hizo: la una, un temor grandísimo de ofenderle, y así siempre le andaba suplicando no la dejase caer, viendo tan terribles daños; la segunda, un espejo para la humildad,mirando cómo cosa buena que hagamos no viene su principio de nosotros, sino de esta fuente adonde está plantado este árbol de nuestras almas, y de este sol que da calor a nuestras obras. Dice que se le representó esto tan claro, que en haciendo alguna cosa buena o viéndola hacer, acudía a su principio y entendía cómo sin esta ayuda no podíamos nada; y de aquí le procedía ir luego a alabar a Dios y, lo más ordinario, no se acordar de sí en cosa buena que hiciese.
6. No sería tiempo perdido, hermanas, el que gastaseis en leer esto ni yo en escribirlo, si quedásemos con estas dos cosas, que los letrados y entendidos muy bien las saben, mas nuestra torpeza de las mujeres todo lo ha menester; y así por ventura quiere el Señor que vengan a nuestra noticia semejantes comparaciones. Plega a su bondad nos dé gracia para ello.
7. Son tan oscuras de entender estas cosas interiores, que a quien tan poco sabe como yo, forzado habrá de decir muchas cosas superfluas y aun desatinadas para decir alguna que acierte. Es menester tenga paciencia quien lo leyere, pues yo la tengo para escribir lo que no sé; que, cierto algunas veces tomo el papel como una cosa boba, que ni sé qué decir ni cómo comenzar. Bien entiendo que es cosa importante para vosotras declarar algunas interiores, como pudiere; porque siempre oímos cuán buena es la oración, y tenemos de constitución tenerla tantas horas, y no se nos declara más de lo que podemos nosotras; y de cosas que obra el Señor en un alma declárase poco, digo sobrenatural. Diciéndose y dándose a entender de muchas maneras, sernos ha mucho consuelo considerar este artificio celestial interior tan poco entendido de los mortales aunque vayan muchos por él. Y aunque en otras cosas que he escrito ha dado el Señor algo a entender, entiendo que algunas no las había entendido como después acá, en especial de las más dificultosas. El trabajo es que para llegar a ellas -como he dicho- se habrán de decir muchas muy sabidas porque no puede ser menos para mi rudo ingenio.
8. Pues tornemos ahora a nuestro castillo de muchas moradas. No habéis de entender estas moradas una en pos de otra, como cosa en hilada, sino poned los ojos en el centro, que es la pieza o palacio adonde está el rey, y considerar como un palmito, que para llegar a lo que es de comer tiene muchas coberturas que todo lo sabroso cercan. Así acá, enrededor de esta pieza están muchas, y encima lo mismo. Porque las cosas del alma siempre se han de considerar con plenitud y anchura y grandeza, pues no le levantan nada, que capaz es de mucho más que podremos considerar, y a todas partes de ella se comunica este sol que está en este palacio. Esto importa mucho a cualquier alma que tenga oración, poca o mucha, que no la arrincone ni apriete. Déjela andar por estas moradas, arriba y abajo y a los lados, pues Dios la dio tan gran dignidad; no se estruje en estar mucho tiempo en una pieza sola. ¡Oh que si es en el propio conocimiento!
Que con cuán necesario es esto (miren que me entiendan), aun a las que las tiene el Señor en la misma morada que El está, que jamás -por encumbrada que esté- le cumple otra cosa ni podrá aunque quiera; que la humildad siempre labra como la abeja en la colmena la miel, que sin esto todo va perdido. Mas consideremos que la abeja no deja de salir a volar para traer flores; así el alma en el propio conocimiento, créame y vuele algunas veces a considerar la grandeza y majestad de su Dios. Aquí hallará su bajeza mejor que en sí misma, y más libre de las sabandijas adonde entran en las primeras piezas, que es el propio conocimiento; que aunque, como digo, es harta misericordia de Dios que se ejercite en esto, tanto es lo de más como lo de menos - suelen decir-. Y créanme, que con la virtud de Dios obraremos muy mejor virtud que muy atadas a nuestra tierra.
9. No sé si queda dado bien a entender, porque es cosa tan importante este conocernos que no querría en ello hubiese jamás relajación, por subidas que estéis en los cielos; pues mientras estamos en esta tierra no hay cosa que más nos importe que la humildad. Y así torno a decir que es muy bueno y muy rebueno tratar de entrar primero en el aposento adonde se trata de esto, que volar a los demás; porque éste es el camino, y si podemos ir por lo seguro y llano, ¿para qué hemos de querer alas para volar? ; mas que busque cómo aprovechar más en esto; y a mi parecer jamás nos acabamos de conocer si no procuramos conocer a Dios; mirando su grandeza, acudamos a nuestra bajeza; y mirando su limpieza, veremos nuestra suciedad; considerando su humildad, veremos cuán lejos estamos de ser humildes.
10. Hay dos ganancias de esto: la primera, está claro que parece una cosa blanca muy más blanca cabe la negra, y al contrario la negra cabe la blanca; la segunda es, porque nuestro entendimiento yvoluntad se hace m&aabute;s noble y más aparejado para todo bien tratando a vueltas de sí con Dios; y si nunca salimos de nuestro cieno de miserias, es mucho inconveniente. Así como decíamos de los que están en pecado mortal cuán negras y de mal olor son sus corrientes, así acá (aunque no son como aquéllas, Dios nos libre, que esto es comparación), metidos siempre en la miseria de nuestra tierra, nunca la corriente saldrá de cieno de temores, de pusilanimidad y cobardía: de mirar si me miran, no me miran; si, yendo por este camino, me sucederá mal; si osaré comenzar aquella obra, si será soberbia; si es bien que una persona tan miserable trate de cosa tan alta como la oración; si me tendrán por mejor si no voy por el camino de todos; que no son buenos los extremos, aunque sea en virtud; que, como soy tan pecadora, será caer de más alto; quizá no iré adelante y haré daño a los buenos; que una como yo no ha menester particularidades.
11. ¡Oh válgame Dios, hijas, qué de almas debe el demonio de haber hecho perder mucho por aquí! Que todo esto les parece humildad, y otras muchas cosas que pudiera decir, y viene de no acabar de entendernos; tuerce el propio conocimiento y, si nunca salimos de nosotros mismos, no me espanto, que esto y más se puede temer. Por eso digo, hijas, que pongamos los ojos en Cristo, nuestro bien, y allí deprenderemos la verdadera humildad, y en sus santos, y ennoblecerse ha el entendimiento -como he dicho- y no hará el propio conocimiento ratero y cobarde; que, aunque ésta es la primera morada, es muy rica y de tan gran precio, que si se descabulle de las sabandijas de ella, no se quedará sin pasar adelante. Terribles son los ardides y mañas del demonio para que las almas no se conozcan ni entiendan sus caminos.
12. De estas moradas primeras podré yo dar muy buenas señas de experiencia. Por eso digo que no consideren pocas piezas, sino un millón; porque de muchas maneras entran almas aquí, unas y otras con buena intención. Mas, como el demonio siempre la tiene tan mala, debe tener en cada una muchas legiones de demonios para combatir que no pasen de unas a otras y, como la pobre alma no lo entiende, por mil maneras nos hace trampantojos, lo que no puede tanto a las que están más cerca de donde está el rey, que aquí, como aún se están embebidas en el mundo y engolfadas en sus contentos y desvanecidas en sus honras y pretensiones, no tienen la fuerza los vasallos del alma (que son los sentidos y potencias) que Dios les dio de su natural, y fácilmente estas almas son vencidas, aunque anden con deseos de no ofender a Dios, y hagan buenas obras. Las que se vieren en este estado han menester acudir a menudo, como pudieren, a Su Majestad, tomar a su bendita Madre por intercesora, y a sus Santos, para que ellos peleen por ellas, que sus criados poca fuerza tienenpara se defender. A la verdad, en todos estados es menester que nos venga de Dios. Su Majestad nos la dé por su misericordia, amén.
13. ¡Qué miserable es la vida en que vivimos! Porque en otra parte dije mucho del daño que nos hace, hijas, no entender bien esto de la humildad y propio conocimiento, no os digo más aquí, aunque es lo que más nos importa y aun plega al Señor haya dicho algo que os aproveche.
14. Habéis de notar que en estas moradas primeras aún no llega casi nada la luz que sale del palacio donde está el Rey; porque, aunque no están oscurecidas y negras como cuando el alma está en pecado, está oscurecida en alguna manera para que no la pueda ver -el que está en ella digo- y no por culpa de la pieza -que no sé darme a entender-, sino porque con tantas cosas malas de culebras y víboras y cosas emponzoñosas que entraron con él, no le dejan advertir a la luz. Como si uno entrase en una parte adonde entra mucho sol y llevase tierra en los ojos, que casi no los pudiese abrir. Clara está la pieza, mas él no lo goza por el impedimento o cosas de esas fieras y bestias que le hacen cerrar los ojos para no ver sino a ellas. Así me parece debe ser un alma que, aunque no está en mal estado, está tan metida en cosas del mundo y tan empapada en la hacienda u honra o negocios -como tengo dicho- que, aunque en hecho de verdad se querría ver y gozar de su hermosura, no le dejan, ni parece que puede descabullirse de tantos impedimentos. Y conviene mucho, para haber de entrar a las segundas moradas, que procure dar de mano a las cosas y negocios no necesarios, cada uno conforme a su estado; que es cosa que le importa tanto para llegar a la morada principal, que si no comienza a hacer esto lo tengo por imposible; y aun estar sin mucho peligro en la que está, aunque haya entrado en el castillo, porque entre cosas tan ponzoñosas, una vez u otra es imposible dejarle de morder.
15. Pues ¿qué sería, hijas, si a las que ya están libres de estos tropiezos como nosotras y hemos ya entrado muy más dentro a otras moradas secretas del castillo, si por nuestra culpa tornásemos a salir a estas baraúndas, como por nuestros pecados debe haber muchas personas, que las ha hecho Dios mercedes y por su culpa las echan a esta miseria? Acá libres estamos en lo exterior; en lo interior plega al Señor que lo estemos y nos libre. Guardaos, hijas mías, de cuidados ajenos. Mirad que en pocas moradas de este castillo dejan de combatir los demonios. Verdad es que en algunas tienenfuerza las guardas para pelear -como creo he dicho que son las potencias-, mas es mucho menester no nos descuidar para entender sus ardides y que no nos engañe, hecho ángel de luz; que hay una multitud de cosas con que nos puede hacer daño entrando poco a poco, y hasta haberle hecho no le entendemos.
16. Ya os dije otra vez que es como una lima sorda, que hemos menester entenderle a los principios. Quiero decir alguna cosa para dároslo mejor a entender. Pone en una hermana unos ímpetus de penitencia, que le parece no tiene descanso sino cuando se está atormentando. Este principio bueno es; mas si la priora ha mandado que no hagan penitencia sin licencia, y le hace parecer que en cosa tan buena bien se puede atrever, y escondidamente se da tal vida que viene a perder la salud y no hacer lo que manda su Regla, ya veis en qué paró este bien. Pone a otra un celo de la perfección muy grande. Esto muy bueno es; mas podría venir de aquí que cualquier faltita de las hermanas le pareciese una gran quiebra, y un cuidado de mirar si las hacen, y acudir a la priora; y aun a las veces podría ser no ver las suyas por el gran celo que tiene de la religión. Como las otras no entienden lo interior y ven el cuidado, podría ser no lo tomar tan bien.
17. Lo que aquí pretende el demonio no es poco, que es enfriar la caridad y el amor de unas con otras, que sería gran daño. Entendamos, hijas mías, que la perfección verdadera es amor de Dios y del prójimo, y mientras con más perfección guardáremos estos dos mandamientos, seremos más perfectas. Toda nuestra Regla y Constituciones no sirven de otra cosa sino de medios para guardar esto con más perfección. Dejémonos de celos indiscretos, que nos pueden hacer mucho daño. Cada una se mire a sí. Porque en otra parte os he dicho harto sobre esto, no me alargaré.
18. Importa tanto este amor de unas con otras, que nunca querría que se os olvidase; porque de andar mirando en las otras unas naderías, que a las veces no será imperfección, sino, como sabemos poco, quizá lo echaremos a la peor parte, puede el alma perder la paz y aun inquietar la de las otras: mirad si costaría caro la perfección. También podría el demonio poner esta tentación con la priora, y sería más peligrosa. Para esto es menester mucha discreción; porque, si fuesen cosas que van contra la Regla yConstitución, es menester que no todas veces se eche a buena parte, sino avisarla, y si no se enmendare, al prelado. Esto es caridad. Y también con las hermanas, si fuese alguna cosa grave; y dejarlo todo por miedo si es tentación, sería la misma tentación. Mas hase de advertir mucho (porque no nos engañe el demonio) no lo tratar una con otra, que de aquí puede sacar el demonio gran ganancia y comenzar costumbre de murmuración; sino con quien ha de aprovechar, como tengo dicho. Aquí, gloria a Dios, no hay tanto lugar, como se guarda tan continuo silencio; mas bien es que estemos sobre aviso.
Scripture echoes
- ↩Ps.36.9 — They drink their fill of the abundance of your house, and from your river of delights you give them drink.
- ↩Ps.1.3 — He is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season, and whose leaf does not wither; and whatever he does prospers.
- ↩Ps.36.9 — They drink their fill of the abundance of your house, and from your river of delights you give them drink.
- ↩1Pet.1.18-1Pet.1.19;Eph.1.7;Rev.5.9 — knowing that you were not redeemed with perishable things—silver or gold—from your futile way of life handed down from your fathers, 1Pet.1.19 — but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot Eph.1.7 — In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace, Rev.5.9 — And they sing a new song, saying: 'You are worthy to take the scroll and to open its seals, for you were slain, and by your blood you ransomed for God people from every tribe and tongue and people and nation.'
- ↩Mark.5.9;Luke.8.30 — And he asked him, "What is your name?" And he said to him, "Legion is my name, because we are many." Luke.8.30 — Jesus asked him, "What is your name?" And he said, "Legion," because many demons had entered into him.
Notes
- 1 ↩Teresa's point is not that God ceases to be present in the soul's center, but that mortal sin blocks the soul's participation in that presence, as if the sun were no longer there to be shared.
- 2 ↩ocasiones is rendered as 'occasions of sin,' the ascetical sense clear from context though the Spanish leaves 'of sin' implicit.
- 3 ↩os la dé: la resumes gana (longing/desire) from the prior clause; rendered as 'the same longing' to keep the referent clear in English.
- 4 ↩Spanish 'no hará su claridad operación en el cristal' keeps Teresa's scholastic sense of 'operación': the light's active effect. Rendered as 'will not work on' to keep that causal force without sounding technical.
- 5 ↩pez here is pitch/tar (the black covering on the crystal from the prior section), not fish.
- 6 ↩ella refers to esta luz in the preceding sentence; rendered as that light for clarity.
- 7 ↩Source reading looks truncated after 'está' (trailing '!'). Most plausible intended opening of the clause completed in s3: 'En fin, como adonde está plantado el árbol...'
- 8 ↩'Aquella persona' is Teresa's habitual third-person self-reference for the recipient of the vision; rendered as 'that person' / 'she' to preserve the source's gendered pronouns (la / le).
- 9 ↩"declarar algunas interiores" leaves "cosas" implied; rendered as "some interior things."
- 10 ↩"constitución" here means the conventual rule/constitution requiring set hours of prayer.
- 11 ↩"artificio celestial interior" rendered as "heavenly interior craftsmanship" (the soul's artful divine construction), not mechanical artifice.
- 12 ↩"rudo ingenio" rendered as "crude mind" (dull/unpolished wit), Teresa's habitual self-deprecation.
- 13 ↩Spanish palmito is the edible heart of a palm shoot, wrapped in many layered husks; rendered as "palm heart" to keep Teresa's layered-core image.
- 14 ↩"no le levantan nada" taken as "that doesn't exaggerate/overstate the soul," followed by the capacity clause; an alternate older sense would be that such praise still falls short.
- 15 ↩Elliptical exclamation; context with the next section suggests special concern when the soul remains confined in self-knowledge.
- 16 ↩Spanish "Que con cuán necesario" is slightly awkward; rendered as "How necessary this is," taking "esto" as the humility/self-knowledge just urged.
- 17 ↩"tanto es lo de más como lo de menos" rendered with the proverbial English equivalent "too much is as bad as too little," preserving the folk saying marked by "suelen decir."
- 18 ↩"virtud de Dios" rendered as "God's power" (operative divine strength enabling virtue), not merely "God's virtue" as a moral quality.
- 19 ↩Teresa's emphatic colloquial 'muy rebueno' rendered as 'extremely good' to keep the intensifying force without sounding archaic or jokey.
- 20 ↩Subject of 'busque' is not explicit; rendered as 'the soul' from the surrounding self-knowledge / bee-and-soul discourse. 'Acudamos a nuestra bajeza' taken as turning attention to our lowliness in the light of God's greatness.
- 21 ↩Normalized garbled source 'yvoluntad' as 'y voluntad' and 'm&aabute;s' as 'más'.
- 22 ↩"salimos de nosotros mismos" rendered as leave ourselves behind (exit self-absorption into God); could also be heard more literally as get outside ourselves.
- 23 ↩"deprenderemos" is an older form of aprenderemos; rendered as we'll learn.
- 24 ↩"ratero" kept as petty (mean/sneaking), paired with cobarde as cowardly, for distorted self-knowledge.
- 25 ↩"sus caminos" taken as the souls' path; less likely but possible: the devil's ways.
- 26 ↩piezas: rooms/apartments within the castle metaphor of the moradas (dwellings).
- 27 ↩la in 'siempre la tiene tan mala' most naturally picks up the prior 'buena intención': the devil's intention is always wicked.
- 28 ↩trampantojos: optical illusions / trompe-l'oeil deceptions; rendered as 'optical tricks' to keep Teresa's visual-deception force without archaism.
- 29 ↩Normalized reading treats 'tienenpara se defender' as 'tienen para se defender' / 'tienen para defenderse' (have little strength to defend themselves).
- 30 ↩la most naturally resumes the preceding fuerza (strength to defend), i.e. the help/strength must come from God in every state.
- 31 ↩Spanish shifts from plural 'están oscurecidas' (the dwelling places) to singular 'está oscurecida'; rendered as the dwellings being darkened so the occupant can't see the light. An alternate reading takes 'la luz' as the singular subject (the light is obscured).
- 32 ↩cuidados ajenos: concerns/cares belonging to others (not one's own charge), not merely 'foreign anxieties'.
- 33 ↩Normalized reading treats source 'tienenfuerza' as 'tienen fuerza' ('have strength').
- 34 ↩potencias rendered as 'faculties' (intellect, memory, will) per Teresa's anthropology; guardas = the soul's protective powers identified with those faculties.
- 35 ↩Spanish 'lima sorda' is a file that wears metal down quietly; Teresa's image for the devil's gradual, noiseless harm.
- 36 ↩Rendered 'religión' as 'religious life' (monastic/ordered practice), not generic religion.
- 37 ↩Spanish 'celos' can mean jealousy, but the preceding section's 'celo de la perfección' fixes the sense here as zeal; rendered 'indiscreet zeal' rather than jealousy.
- 38 ↩Source has fused 'yConstitución'; translated as 'and Constitutions' (standard Teresa usage for Rule and Constitutions).
- 39 ↩Spanish 'caridad' rendered as 'charity' for the theological virtue in a fraternal-correction context; 'love' is also allowed by lexeme policy.
The Interior Castle (Las Moradas / El Castillo Interior) companion
A daily portion of stillness
Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.
Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.
- Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
- A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
- Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent