Moradas quintas, Capítulo 3. Continúa la misma materia. - Dice de otra manera de unión que puede alcanzar el alma con el favor de Dios, y lo que importa para esto el amor del prójimo. - Es de mucho provecho.
The Little Dove and the Seed of Perseverance
The chapter opens by urging the soul to continue advancing in service and self-knowledge, using the metaphor of the silkworm seed that benefits others, and warns of the need for obedience to avoid falling like Judas and Saul.
1. So let's return to our little dove and look at something of what God gives in this state.1 It's always understood that she must try to keep going forward in the service of our Lord and in self-knowledge; for if she does no more than receive this favor and, as if it were already secure, grow careless in her life and turn aside from the path to heaven—which is the commandments—what will happen to her is what happens to the one that comes out of the worm: she casts the seed so that others may be produced, and she herself remains dead forever. I say she casts the seed because I take it that God does not want so great a favor to be given in vain; rather, even if she does not benefit from it herself, let it benefit others. For since she is left with these desires and the virtues I have mentioned, for as long as she remains in the good she always benefits other souls, and from her warmth they catch warmth; and even when they have already lost it, it often happens that she is left with that desire that others should benefit, and she takes pleasure in making known the favors God grants to those who love and serve Him.2 2. I've known someone this happened to: though she was very lost herself, she still took delight in others benefiting from the favors God had given her, and in showing the way of prayer to those who didn't understand it — and she did a great deal of good, a great deal. Afterwards the Lord gave her light again. It's true that she still didn't have the effects already described. But how many there must be whom the Lord calls to the apostolate, as he did Judas, sharing his company with them, and whom he calls to make kings, as he did Saul — and then, through their own fault, they are lost!3 From this we'll conclude, sisters, that if we're to go on meriting more and more and not lose ourselves like these, the security we can have is obedience and not turning aside from God's law — I mean for anyone to whom God grants favors like these, and indeed for everyone.
Dying to Self-Will: The True Union
St. Teresa describes the true union of the will with God's will, which is more valuable than consolations, and explains that the soul must die to self like the silkworm, a union she has desired all her life.
3. It seems to me that this dwelling remains rather obscure, for all I've said. Since there's so much to gain by entering it, it will be good that those to whom the Lord doesn't give such supernatural things not seem left without hope; for true union can very well be reached, with our Lord's favor, if we strive to seek it by having no will except one bound to whatever God's will may be.4 Oh, how many there will be who say this, and it seems to us that we want nothing else and would die for this truth—as I think I've already said! So I tell you—and I'll say it many times—that when it is so, that you have attained this favor from the Lord, don't care at all about that other delightful union I've already described; for what is of greatest worth in it comes from this union I'm speaking of now, and because you can't reach what I've described unless the union of having our will resigned to God's is very sure.56 Oh, what a union this is to desire! Blessed is the soul that has attained it, for it will live in this life with rest, and in the next as well; because none of the events of earth will afflict it, except if it finds itself in some danger of losing God or of seeing Him offended; not sickness, not poverty, not deaths—unless it be of someone who is needed in God's Church; for this soul sees clearly that He knows better what He is doing than she knows what she desires.7 4. You need to realize that there are different kinds of sorrows. Some arise suddenly from nature—as do certain consolations—or even from charity when we take pity on our neighbors, just as our Lord did when He raised Lazarus. These sorrows don't prevent us from being united with God's will, nor do they disturb the soul with a restless, unsettled passion that lingers. These sorrows pass quickly; as I said regarding the joys in prayer, it seems they don't reach the depths of the soul, but only the senses and faculties. They move through these earlier mansions, but they don't enter the last one, which we have yet to discuss. For that, the suspension of the faculties I mentioned earlier is required—though the Lord is powerful enough to enrich souls by many paths and bring them to these mansions, rather than just the shortcut already described.8 5. But pay close attention, daughters: the silkworm has to die, and all the more at your own cost; because over there, finding yourself in so new a life helps a great deal toward dying; here it's necessary that we ourselves kill it while living in this life.9 I confess to you that it will take a great deal of work—or even more—but it's worth the price; so the reward will be greater if you come out victorious.10 But there is no reason to doubt that it is possible, any more than that true union with the will of God is possible. This is the union I have desired all my life; this is the one I always ask of our Lord, and the one that is clearest and most sure.
Love of Neighbor: The Test of Virtue
The hidden worms of self-love and lack of charity can destroy virtue; the surest path to union with God is love of neighbor, which reveals genuine love of God, and requires humility and self-examination.
6. But how sad for us—how few of us are likely to reach it, even though someone who avoids offending the Lord and has entered religious life may think they've already done everything! Oh! For some worms remain hidden until, like the worm that gnawed Jonah's ivy, they have gnawed away our virtues—with self-love, a high opinion of ourselves, judging our neighbors (even if only in small things), a lack of charity toward them, not loving them as we love ourselves; for although we drag ourselves along and fulfill the bare obligation so as not to sin, we still fall far short of what is needed to be wholly united with God's will.11 7. What do you think His will is, daughters? That we be entirely perfect; and so that we may be one with Him and with the Father, as His Majesty asked Him, look how much we still lack to reach this. I tell you I'm writing this with deep sorrow at seeing myself so far away, and all through my own fault; for the Lord has no need to give us great favors for this. What He has given us in giving us His Son to teach us the way is enough.12 Don't think the point is that if my father or brother dies, I should conform so completely to God's will that I don't feel it; and if there are hardships and illnesses, that I should bear them with contentment. That is good, and sometimes it consists in discretion, because we can't do more and make a virtue of necessity. How many things of this kind the philosophers used to do—or if not these, then others—out of having a great deal of learning. Here, only these two that the Lord asks of us—love of His Majesty and of our neighbor—are what we must work at. By keeping them perfectly, we do His will, and so we'll be united with Him. But as I've said, how far we are from doing these two things as we ought to for such a great God! May it please His Majesty to give us grace so that we may merit reaching this state, which is within our reach if we want it.13 8. The surest sign, as I see it, of whether we're keeping these two things is carefully keeping the one that has to do with love of neighbor; because whether we love God can't be known—though there are strong indications for recognizing that we love him—but love of neighbor can. And be certain that the more you find yourselves advancing in this, the more you're advancing in the love of God; because the love His Majesty has for us is so great that, in return for the love we have for our neighbor, he will make the love we have for His Majesty grow in a thousand ways. I can't doubt this. 9. It matters a great deal that we walk with careful attention to how we go about this, for if we do it with real perfection, we've done everything; because I believe that, given how bad our nature is, unless it springs from the root of the love of God, we won't come to love our neighbor with perfection. So since this matters so much to us, sisters, let's try to keep examining ourselves even in little things, and not make much of some very great ones that come all at once in prayer—seeming that we'll do and accomplish great things for our neighbors and for a single soul that is saved—because if afterward our works don't match, there's no reason to believe we'll do it.14 I say the same about humility, and about all the virtues. The devil's schemes are great: he'll circle hell a thousand times to make us think we have a virtue when we don't.15 And he's right, because it's very harmful: these feigned virtues never come without some vainglory, since they spring from such a root; just as the ones God gives are free from it and from pride.16 10. I sometimes take pleasure in seeing certain souls who, when they're at prayer, seem to want to be humbled and publicly insulted for God's sake—and afterward they'd cover up even a small fault if they could; or if they haven't done it and are accused of it, God help us. So let anyone who can't bear this look carefully at herself, and not make much of what she resolved alone, as it seemed to her; for in truth it was not a determination of the will—when there is a true one, it's another matter—but some imagining, and in this the devil does his leaps and deceptions; and with women or uneducated people he can work many, because we don't know how to distinguish between the faculties and the imagination and a thousand other interior things there are.17 Oh sisters, how clearly you can see where love of neighbor really is in some of you—and in those in whom it isn't present with this perfection! If you understood how much this virtue matters to us, you'd pursue no other study.
Works of Love and the Cost of Union
The Lord desires works, not just prayer consolations; true union is shown in compassionate acts and rejoicing in others' virtues, and the cost of love is seen in Christ's sacrifice.
11. When I see souls very diligent about understanding the prayer they have, and so solemnly wrapped up in themselves when they're at it that they hardly dare stir or shift their thought for fear of losing even a little of the consolation and devotion they've had, it shows me how little they understand the path by which union is reached — and they think the whole business lies there.18 No, sisters, no. The Lord wants works. If you see a sick sister you can help, don't worry about losing that devotion—have compassion on her. If she's in pain, let it hurt you too; if necessary, fast so that she can eat—not just for her sake, but because you know your Lord wants that. This is true union with His will; and if you see someone being highly praised, rejoice far more than if they were praising you. This, to tell the truth, is easy — for if there is humility, one will sooner feel distressed at being praised. But it is a great thing to find joy when a sister's virtues are recognized; and when we see a fault in one of them, we should feel it as if it were our own and cover it over. 12. I've said a great deal about this elsewhere, because I see, sisters, that if there's any break in it, we're lost. May it please the Lord that there never be any; for when this is so, I tell you that you will not fail to obtain from His Majesty the union I've already described.19 When you see yourselves lacking in this, even if you have devotion and spiritual favors that make it seem you've arrived there, and a little suspension in the prayer of quiet (which will soon make some think everything is done), believe me—you haven't reached union. Ask our Lord to give you this love of neighbor in perfection, and leave it to His Majesty; He will give you more than you know how to desire, provided you strive and do all you can toward this. Force your will so that your sisters' will is done in everything, even if you lose something of your own rights; forget your own good for theirs, even when nature resists you most; and try to take on hardship to spare your neighbor, whenever the chance arises.20 Don't think it won't cost you something, or that you'll find it already done for you. Look at what our Bridegroom's love for us cost Him: to free us from death, He suffered a death as painful as dying on a cross.21
Read the original Spanish
1. Pues tornemos a nuestra palomica y veamos algo de lo que Dios da en este estado. Siempre se entiende que ha de procurar ir adelante en el servicio de nuestro Señor y en el conocimiento propio; que si no hace más de recibir esta merced y, como cosa ya segura, descuidarse en su vida y torcer el camino del cielo, que son los mandamientos, acaecerle ha lo que a la que sale del gusano, que echa la simiente para que produzcan otras y ella queda muerta para siempre. Digo que echa la simiente, porque tengo para mí que quiere Dios que no sea dada en balde una merced tan grande; sino que ya que no se aproveche de ella para sí, aproveche a otros. Porque como queda con estos deseos y virtudes dichas, el tiempo que dura en el bien siempre hace provecho a otras almas y de su calor les pega calor; y aun cuando le tienen ya perdido, acaece quedar con esa gana de que se aprovechen otros, y gusta de dar a entender las mercedes que Dios hace a quien le ama y sirve.
2. Yo he conocido persona que le acaecía así, que, estando muy perdida, gustaba de que se aprovechasen otras con las mercedes que Dios le había hecho y mostrarles el camino de oración a las que no le entendían, e hizo harto provecho, harto. Después le tornó el Señor a dar luz. Verdad es que aún no tenía los efectos que quedan dichos. Mas ¡cuántos debe haber que los llama el Señor al apostolado, como a Judas, comunicando con ellos, y los llama para hacer reyes, como a Saúl, y después por su culpa se pierden! De donde sacaremos, hermanas, que para ir mereciendo más y más y no perdiéndonos como éstos, la seguridad que podemos tener es la obediencia y no torcer de la ley de Dios; digo a quien hiciere semejantes mercedes, y aun a todos.
3. Paréceme que queda algo oscura, con cuanto he dicho, esta morada. Pues hay tanta ganancia de entrar en ella, bien será que no parezca quedan sin esperanza a los que el Señor no da cosas tan sobrenaturales; pues la verdadera unión se puede muy bien alcanzar, con el favor de nuestro Señor, si nosotros nos esforzamos a procurarla, con no tener voluntad sino atada con lo que fuere la voluntad de Dios. ¡Oh, qué de ellos habrá que digamos esto y nos parezca que no queremos otra cosa y moriríamos por esta verdad, como creo ya he dicho! Pues yo os digo, y lo diré muchas veces, que cuando lo fuere, que habéis alcanzado esta merced del Señor, y ninguna cosa se os dé de estotra unión regalada que queda dicha, que lo que hay de mayor precio en ella es por proceder de ésta que ahora digo y por no poder llegar a lo que queda dicho si no es muy cierta la unión de estar resignada nuestra voluntad en la de Dios. ¡Oh, qué unión ésta para desear! Venturosa el alma que la ha alcanzado, que vivirá en esta vida con descanso y en la otra también; porque ninguna cosa de los sucesos de la tierra la afligirá, si no fuere si se ve en algún peligro de perder a Dios o ver si es ofendido; ni enfermedad, ni pobreza, ni muertes, si no fuere de quien ha de hacer falta en la Iglesia de Dios; que ve bien esta alma, que El sabe mejor lo que hace que ella lo que desea.
4. Habéis de notar que hay penas y penas; porque algunas penas hay producidas de presto de la naturaleza, y contentos lo mismo, y aun de caridad de apiadarse de los prójimos, como hizo nuestro Señor cuando resucitó a Lázaro; y no quitan éstas el estar unidas con la voluntad de Dios, ni tampoco turban el ánima con una pasión inquieta, desasosegada, que dura mucho. Estas penas pasan de presto; que, como dije, de los gozos en la oración, parece que no llegan a lo hondo del alma, sino a estos sentidos y potencias. Andan por estas moradas pasadas, mas no entran en la que está por decir postrera, pues para esto es menester lo que queda dicho de suspensión de potencias, que poderoso es el Señor de enriquecer las almas por muchos caminos y llegarlas a estas moradas y no por el atajo que queda dicho.
5. Mas advertid mucho, hijas, que es necesario que muera el gusano, y más a vuestra costa; porque acullá ayuda mucho para morir el verse en vida tan nueva; acá es menester que, viviendo en ésta, le matemos nosotras. Yo os confieso que será a mucho o más trabajo, mas su precio se tiene; así será mayor el galardón si salís con victoria. Mas de ser posible no hay que dudar como lo sea la unión verdaderamente con la voluntad de Dios. Esta es la unión que toda mi vida he deseado; ésta es la que pido siempre a nuestro Señor y la que está más clara y segura.
6. Mas ¡ay de nosotros, qué pocos debemos de llegar a ella, aunque a quien se guarda de ofender al Señor y ha entrado en religión le parezca que todo lo tiene hecho! ¡Oh! , que quedan unos gusanos que no se dan a entender, hasta que, como el que royó la yedra a Jonás, nos han roído las virtudes, con un amor propio, una propia estimación, un juzgar los prójimos, aunque sea en pocas cosas, una falta de caridad con ellos, no los queriendo como a nosotros mismos; que, aunque arrastrando cumplimos con la obligación para no ser pecado, no llegamos con mucho a lo que ha de ser para estar del todo unidas con la voluntad de Dios.
7. ¿Qué pensáis, hijas, que es su voluntad? Que seamos del todo perfectas; que para ser unos con El y con el Padre, como Su Majestad le pidió, mirad qué nos falta para llegar a esto. Yo os digo que lo estoy escribiendo con harta pena de verme tan lejos, y todo por mi culpa; que no ha menester el Señor hacernos grandes regalos para esto; basta lo que nos ha dado en darnos a su Hijo, que nos enseñase el camino. No penséis que está la cosa en si se muere mi padre o hermano, conformarme tanto con la voluntad de Dios que no lo sienta; y si hay trabajos y enfermedades, sufrirlos con contento. Bueno es, y a las veces consiste en discreción, porque no podemos más, y hacemos de la necesidad virtud. Cuántas cosas de éstas hacían los filósofos, o aunque no sea de éstas, de otras, de tener mucho saber. Acá solas estas dos que nos pide el Señor: amor de Su Majestad y del prójimo, es en lo que hemos de trabajar.
Guardándolas con perfección, hacemos su voluntad, y así estaremos unidos con El. Mas ¡qué lejos estamos de hacer, como debemos a tan gran Dios, estas dos cosas, como tengo dicho! Plega a Su Majestad nos dé gracia para que merezcamos llegar a este estado, que en nuestra mano está, si queremos.
8. La más cierta señal que, a mi parecer, hay de si guardamos estas dos cosas, es guardando bien la del amor del prójimo; porque si amamos a Dios no se puede saber, aunque hay indicios grandes para entender que le amamos; mas el amor del prójimo, sí. Y estad ciertas que mientras más en éste os viereis aprovechadas, más lo estáis en el amor de Dios; porque es tan grande el que Su Majestad nos tiene, que en pago del que tenemos al prójimo hará que crezca el que tenemos a Su Majestad por mil maneras. En esto yo no puedo dudar.
9. Impórtanos mucho andar con gran advertencia cómo andamos en esto, que si es con mucha perfección, todo lo tenemos hecho; porque creo yo que según es malo nuestro natural, que si no es naciendo de raíz del amor de Dios, que no llegaremos a tener con perfección el del prójimo. Pues tanto nos importa esto, hermanas, procuremos irnos entendiendo en cosas aun menudas, y no haciendo caso de unas muy grandes, que así por junto vienen en la oración, de parecer que haremos y aconteceremos por los prójimos y por sola un alma que se salve; porque si no vienen después conformes las obras, no hay para qué creer que lo haremos. Así digo de la humildad también y de todas las virtudes. Son grandes los ardides del demonio, que por hacernos entender que tenemos una, no la teniendo, dará mil vueltas al infierno. Y tiene razón, porque es muy dañoso, que nunca estas virtudes fingidas vienen sin alguna vanagloria, como son de tal raíz; así como las que da Dios están libres de ella ni de soberbia.
10. Yo gusto algunas veces de ver unas almas, que, cuando están en oración, les parece querrían ser abatidas y públicamente afrentadas por Dios, y después una falta pequeña encubrirían si pudiesen, o que si no la han hecho y se la cargan, Dios nos libre. Pues mírese mucho quien esto no sufre, para no hacer caso de lo que a solas determinó, a su parecer; que en hecho de verdad no fue determinación de la voluntad, que cuando ésta hay verdadera es otra cosa; sino alguna imaginación, que en ésta hace el demonio sus saltos y engaños; y a mujeres o gente sin letras, podrá hacer muchos, porque no sabemos entender las diferencias de potencias e imaginación y otras mil cosas que hay interiores. ¡Oh hermanas, cómo se ve claro adónde está de veras el amor del prójimo en algunas de vosotras, y en las que no está con esta perfección! Si entendieseis lo que nos importa esta virtud, no traeríais otro estudio.
11. Cuando yo veo almas muy diligentes a entender la oración que tienen y muy encapotadas cuando están en ella, que parece no se osan bullir ni menear el pensamiento porque no se les vaya un poquito de gusto y devoción que han tenido, háceme ver cuán poco entienden del camino por donde se alcanza la unión, y piensan que allí está todo el negocio. Que no, hermanas, no; obras quiere el Señor, y que si ves una enferma a quien puedes dar algún alivio, no se te dé nada de perder esa devoción y te compadezcas de ella; y si tiene algún dolor, te duela a tí; y si fuere menester, lo ayunes, porque ella lo coma, no tanto por ella, como porque sabes que tu Señor quiere aquello. Esta es la verdadera unión con su voluntad, y que si vieres loar mucho a una persona te alegres más mucho que si te loasen a tí. Esto, a la verdad, fácil es, que si hay humildad, antes tendrá pena de verse loar. Mas esta alegría de que se entiendan las virtudes de las hermanas es gran cosa, y cuando viéremos alguna falta en alguna, sentirla como si fuera en nosotras y encubrirla.
12. Mucho he dicho en otras partes de esto, porque veo, hermanas, que si hubiese en ello quiebra vamos perdidas. Plega al Señor nunca la haya, que como esto sea, yo os digo que no dejéis de alcanzar de Su Majestad la unión que queda dicha. Cuando os viéreis faltas en esto, aunque tengáis devoción y regalos, que os parezca habéis llegado ahí, y alguna suspensioncilla en la oración de quietud (que algunas luego les parecerá que está todo hecho), creedme que no habéis llegado a unión, y pedid a nuestro Señor que os dé con perfección este amor del prójimo, y dejad hacer a Su Majestad, que El os dará más que sepáis desear, como vosotras os esforcéis y procuréis en todo lo que pudiereis esto; y forzar vuestra voluntad para que se haga en todo la de las hermanas, aunque perdáis de vuestro derecho, y olvidar vuestro bien por el suyo, aunque más contradicción os haga el natural; y procurar tomar trabajo por quitarle al prójimo, cuando se ofreciere. No penséis que no ha de costar algo y que os lo habéis de hallar hecho. Mirad lo que costó a nuestro Esposo el amor que nos tuvo, quepor librarnos de la muerte, la murió tan penosa como muerte de cruz.
Notes
- 1 ↩palomica: Teresa's diminutive for the soul that has come out of the silkworm; often rendered 'little butterfly' in English, but the Spanish is literally 'little dove'.
- 2 ↩'le tienen ya perdido' most naturally refers to having already lost the good (or that warmed state); the next section confirms Teresa means a soul that can be 'muy perdida' and yet still want others to benefit.
- 3 ↩comunicando con ellos rendered as sharing his company with them (Christ's intimate association with those he calls); apostolic vocation and royal vocation are parallel cautionary examples.
- 4 ↩"unión" here is the union of the will with God's will, distinguished from the more supernatural/consoling union treated earlier in the chapter.
- 5 ↩"unión regalada": rendered "delightful union" for the consoling, supernatural union of prayer already described, contrasted with the union of the resigned will.
- 6 ↩"resignada nuestra voluntad en la de Dios": kept as resignation of the will into God's will—the durable ascetical sense, not modern "resignation" as mere passive giving up.
- 7 ↩"de quien ha de hacer falta en la Iglesia de Dios": rendered "someone who is needed in God's Church" (hacer falta = to be needed/missed).
- 8 ↩Subject of 'Andan' is carried from the prior sentence (senses and faculties). 'Y no por el atajo' is rendered literally as 'and not by the shortcut'; Teresa contrasts many paths of enrichment with the mystical shortcut already described (suspension), without adding an explicit 'only.'
- 9 ↩acullá / acá contrast the earlier rapture path (where the new life itself helps the silkworm die) with this harder path of killing self-will while still living ordinary life; gusano continues the Fifth Dwelling Places silkworm metaphor.
- 10 ↩su precio se tiene is an idiomatic claim that the labor is worth what it costs; rendered as "it's worth the price."
- 11 ↩Spanish 'caridad' rendered as 'charity' for the theological virtue toward neighbor; 'amor propio' as disordered self-love.
- 12 ↩In Teresa's usage, regalos often means spiritual favors/graces rather than material gifts; rendered here as 'great favors'.
- 13 ↩Spanish merezcamos keeps the traditional language of merit under grace; rendered as 'merit reaching' rather than softened to mere arrival.
- 14 ↩"haremos y aconteceremos" is Teresa's colloquial pairing for grand resolutions imagined in prayer ("we'll do and bring about"); rendered as "we'll do and accomplish great things" to keep the heroic, unrealized force without archaism.
- 15 ↩"una" picks up "virtud" from the preceding sentence (humility and all the virtues); rendered explicitly as "a virtue" for clarity.
- 16 ↩Source "están libres de ella ni de soberbia" uses ni where English expects "and/from"; sense taken as free from vainglory and from pride.
- 17 ↩"potencias" rendered as "faculties" (the soul's powers: intellect, will, memory), as distinct from "imaginación" (imagination).
- 18 ↩Spanish encapotadas (literally hooded/cloaked) here marks a grave, self-protective manner in prayer: withdrawn and careful not to disturb consolations.
- 19 ↩"la" looks back to "quiebra" in the previous sentence: a break or failure in love of neighbor. "como esto sea" is taken as "when this is so" (when that love holds without breach), not as a mere concession.
- 20 ↩"regalos" here means spiritual consolations/favors, not ordinary gifts. "suspensioncilla" is Teresa's diminutive for a brief suspension of the faculties in the prayer of quiet.
- 21 ↩Normalized reading takes source "quepor" as the obvious join "que por" ("for / that in order to").
The Interior Castle (Las Moradas / El Castillo Interior) companion
A daily portion of stillness
Chosen Portion delivers one short contemplative reading and a guided moment of silence each day — the ascent, one step at a time.
Chosen Portion is the paced doorway into this collection: it portions the dense mystical treatises into one daily reading plus guided silence, exactly as the 14-day plan teaches.
- Daily bite-sized excerpts from the contemplative classics, never a wall of text
- A built-in timed stillness practice that grows from 2 minutes to 10
- Gentle progression through the tradition — the app remembers where you are on the ascent