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← Arbre de filosofia d'amor (Tree of the Philosophy of Love)/Book 1 · Arbre de filosofia d'amor
Chapter 7LlullArbreAmor.1.7

2. Del mesclament de les rails d'amor

爱的混合之划分

介绍本章分为两部分：爱与其各根单独混合，以及爱与其所有根一般混合，并说明目的是使爱增长。

This part is divided into two. The first part covers how love mixes with each of its roots individually; the second covers how love mixes with all its roots and beginnings at the same time.1 We mix love with its beginnings and roots to demonstrate and teach how to multiply love through those roots. By multiplying love, we also multiply the cord of love that binds the lover to the beloved; and the stronger that cord of love becomes, the greater the participation and solace shared between the lover and the beloved.234

与美德根源的单独混合

描述爱如何与善良、伟大、持久、力量、智慧、意志、美德、真理、荣耀、差异、和谐这些根源分别混合，使爱成长。

1. When a lover loves his beloved with good love, he mixes goodness and love. This mixing happens because goodness by nature makes good, and love by nature loves. And when the beloved rewards the lover for his good love—as he loves him with good love and causes him to have good love—then the goodness and love of both lover and beloved mix in that good love.5 2. When the lover and the beloved love each other with great love, then through their great love, the greatness and love of the lover and the greatness and love of the beloved are blended together; and a great lover loves such a blending of great loves far more than having from his beloved great riches, possessions, and honors; for through such temporal greatness, the lover can't have very great love toward his beloved, nor the beloved toward his lover; and for this reason, the great lovers of love don't love the great prosperities of this world, so they won't be occupied with them, because they simply want to love God through greatness of love.6 3. The friend who makes his wise love endure, so that he can love his everlasting Beloved for a long time, blends duration and love into a lasting love. Through that blending, the friendship and solace between the friend and the Beloved endure; and the longer it lasts, the more strongly the friend and the Beloved are joined together in love.7 4. When the lover strengthens his love with all his power to love his beloved, the lover's power and love blend into a powerful act of loving. This love is so strong that no weaker power can overcome or surpass it. The stronger love is, the greater its appetite and natural drive to resist its own enemies and those of its beloved. And the beloved, who is loved by the lover with such strength, neither consents nor wishes for a greater power of love to be conquered or bound by a lesser one.8 5. Wisdom and love blend through knowability and through lovability; for since love is known by wisdom, and wisdom is loved by love, understanding and loving blend in the lover and the beloved; and through the blending of understanding and loving, wisdom and love blend; and so when the lover knows that he loves his beloved's love and knows that he is loved by that love, he loves what he knows of love more than everything he knows of his body, or of all that body's properties, natures, and blessings. 6. When the lover mixes his willing with loving, which is the work of love's habit, then he clothes his will with love and his willing with loving; and when, through some adversities, the will wants to lean toward unloving the beloved, the willing and the loving cannot part, since love's habit has clothed the will with its loving; yet love cannot do this without help from his beloved and from the other roots of love.910 7. Then when virtue and love are mixed into each other, virtuing and loving are mixed; and through virtuing, loving becomes virtuous and clothed with virtue, and through loving, virtuing becomes love-filled and clothed with love; and while virtue and love are thus mixed and have their acts clothed the111213 one14 Of the other, vices and unloving cannot enter into them, and they are virtues and loves that are messengers of the lover and the beloved, who send each other virtuous loving.15 8. Truth and love mix in true lovers who, with true love, love the true Beloved, and this mixing is so complete that neither falsehood nor lovelessness can enter or find any room there; and for this reason, true lovers would rather die or endure great hardships than lie or stop loving their Beloved, and the Beloved who has such true lovers cannot hide himself, nor can he keep from telling them about his love and his kingdom.16 9. Through the sovereign glorious Beloved, glory and love mix by the mixing of glorifier and lover, of glorifiable and lovable, and of glorifying and loving, in the lovers who love the sovereign glorious loving Beloved; and for this reason, in such lovers, hardships, dangers, pains, and languors seem to be glories and loves, securities, delights, and resting places.1718 10. Difference and love mix insofar as difference makes itself abide, in love, among lover, lovable, and loving, and love makes lovable the differentiating, the differentiable, and the differentiating of lover and beloved, who are different the1920 one from the other, and through love each is beloved by the other, insofar as they join together in loving.21 11.22 Concord and love mix then when the lover and the beloved agree in loving the2324 one25 other; and the more they have a good, great, lasting love, the more strongly concord and love mix and join together, and they draw away from opposition and from the parting of lover and beloved; and for this reason, if concord and love are strongly mixed, no hardships or adversities that the lover endures for love can separate him from his beloved.2627

与对立及程度根源的单独混合

阐述爱如何与对立、开端、中间、终点、多数、平等、少数这些根源混合，并指出正确与错误的混合方式。

12. Contrariety and love mix in the lover then when the lover, in loving his beloved, does not follow the order of the roots of love; and for this reason such a lover is soon wearied of loving his good beloved, and282930 one31 little adversity or hardship that he endures for love overcomes him and makes him angry against his beloved.32 13. Beginning and love mix when the lover begins to love his beloved; and when the lover begins to multiply his loving through goodness, greatness, duration, and the others, then love begins to be better, greater, and more lasting; and for that reason the lover who perseveres in love begins every day to grow his loving.33 14. Middle and love mix insofar as, from the love of the lover and of the beloved, there is made3435 [Corrupt source fragment.]36 loving that joins the lover to his beloved; and when the loving that issues from the love of the lover and of the beloved stands as an equal middle between them both, then that love is so strong that nothing could separate the lover from the beloved, nor the beloved from the lover; and for this reason that loving, so precious and so full of love, is a treasure of love and of lover and of beloved; and the lover and the beloved would not sell that loving for anything in this world or the other.37 15. End and love blend whenever a lover considers the worth and honor of their beloved and longs to see and serve them. When a lover experiences many longings, sighs, and tears for love, the beloved tallies the rewards due to the lover for the hardships endured for that love. But when a lover loves the beloved only to be rewarded for the hardships they've endured, then End and love do not blend—instead, they separate and drift apart. The beloved does not want to be in the presence of a lover who doesn't love them for the sake of their goodness and great virtue.38 16. Majority and love mix when the lover loves his beloved with greater goodness, greatness, duration, and virtue; and for that reason love rises to stand in the majority of loving, and where the loving is greater, greater are the consolation and the pleasure of the lover and of the beloved; and the lover who stands in the highest degree of love is so steeped and filled with love that he neither feels the lesser degrees of love nor has any knowledge of them.3940 17. Equality and love mix when the lover and the beloved love each other equally through equal goodness, greatness, duration, and power.4142 Such equality of love cannot exist in a creature, but in God alone, who loves equally between his capacity to love and his lovableness; and for that reason, the man who can equalize in his beloved the making-good, the magnifying, the enduring, and the other acts of the roots raises his loving by taking on some likeness to his greater Beloved.4344 18.45 Smallness and love mix when the lover loves his beloved only a little, and when his loving is good only through a little goodness; and it is sick when the lover flees from loving and avoids the perils and adversities that the beloved wants the lover to bear for his love. And for this reason, the lovers who love the beloved with a lesser love are neither good nor great lovers, and they easily betray and deceive the beloved.464748

所有根源的一般混合及其效果

说明当爱同时与多个根源混合时，混合越全面、爱越强大，并指出真正的恋人混合更多根源。

We have spoken of the mixing of love, which it works with its roots; and if the mixing is by three roots, it is greater than by two and if it is by all of them, it is so great that it cannot be greater; and therefore the lovers who mix stronger love with their principles are greater, better, firmer, and truer lovers than the others who mix love with few principles.49

Read the original Catalan

Aquesta part es departida en . ij. parts: la primera es del mesclament que amor ha ab cascuna de ses rails singularment; lautra es del general mesclament que amor ha, en temps meteix, ab totes les sues rails e comensamens. La entcnció per que mesclam amor ab sos comensamens e rails, es per so que mostrem e donem doctrina a montiplicar amor per ses rails, car en montiplicar amor, se montiplica la corda damor qui liga lamic a son amat, e on major es la corda damor, major està la participació el solàs del amic e del amat.

1. Mesclament de bontat e amor fa lamic con ama son amat ab bo amar; e lo mesclament es per so car natura es de bontat bonificar, e damor amar; e con lamat guardona lamic de bon amar, en quant lama ab bon amar e li fa aver bon amar, adonchs se mesclen en bo amar la bonea e amor del amic e del amat.

2. Can lamic e lamat se amen ab gran amar, adones se mesclen, per lur gran amar, la granea e la amor del amic e la granea e amor del amat; e aytal mesclament de grans amors ama molt més gran amic, que aver, de son amat, grans diners possessions e honramens; car per aitals granees temporals lamic no pot aver molt gran amar en vés son amat,' nií amat a son amic; e per aisò los grans amadors damor no amen les grans prosperitats d aquest mon, per so que no sien en eles occupats, car simplament volen amar Deu per granea damor.

3. Lamic qui fa durar son sà amar, per so que longament pusca amar son perdurable amat, mescla duració e amor en durable amar; e per aquel mesclament dura amistat e solàs damic e damat; e on pus longament dura, pus fortment sajusten lamic e l amat en amor e amar.

4. Can lamic enforteex a tot son poder sa amor per amar son amat, adones se mesclen lo poder e la amor del amic en poderós amar, e aquel amar es tan forts, que negú altre poder meins forts noi pot vensre ni sobrar; car amor, aitant com es plus forts, ha pus forts apetit e natura a contrastar als enemics de sí metexa e de son amat; e lamat, qui per fort amor, damich es amat, no consent ni vol que major poder damor sia vcnsut ni ligat per menor.

5. Saviea e amor se mesclen per sceibilitaf e per amabilitat; car en cant amor es sabuda per saviea, e saviea es amada per amor, se mesclen entendre e amar damic e damat; e per lo mesclament d entendre e amar se mesclen saviea e amor; e per asò can lamic sab que ama la amor de son amat e sab que es amat per aquela, ama més so que sab damor, que tot so que sab de son cors ni de totes les propietats natures e beneuyranses daquel.

6. Can lamic mescla son voler ab amar, qui es obra dàbit damor, adones vest sa volentat damor e son voler damar; e cant per alcunes aversitats la volentat se vol enclinar a desamar lamat, lo voler e l amar nos poden partir, pus que làbit damor ha vestit a la volentat son amar; emperò aisò no pot fer amor sens ajuda de son amat e de les altres rails damor.

7. Adones quan vertut e amor son mesclades la en lautra, son mesclats vertuificar e amar; e per lo vertuificarcs lamar vertuós e vestit de vertut, e per lamar es lo vertuificar amorificat e vestit damor; e dementre que enaxí vertut e amor son mesclades e an actus vestits la . j. de lautre, no poden entrar vicis ni desamors en eles, e son vertuts e amors missatgers d amic e d amat quis trameten vertuós amar.

8. Veritat e amor se mesclen en vers amadors, qui ab vera amor amen vertader amat, e aquel mesclament es tan gran, que falsetat ni desamor noy poden entrar ni caber; e per aysò los vertaders amadors volen enans murir o molts trebayls sostenir, que mentir ni desamar lur amat, e lamat qui ha tan vertaders amadors, nos pot celar ni pot a éls de no dir de son amar e son regne.

9. Per lo sobirà gloriós amat se mesclen glòria e amor per mesclament de gloriatiu e amatiu, e de gloriable e amable, e de gloriar e amar en los amadors qui amen lo subirà gloriós amorós amat; e per aysò en aytals amadors senblen trebayls perills penes e langors, ésser glòries e amors, segurtats delits e sejorns.

10. Differencia e amor se mesclen en quant differencia fa estar, en amor, sí metexa enfre amant amable e amar, e amor fa ésser amable lo differenciant differenciable differenciar damich e damat, qui son differents la . j, de lautre, e per amor es cascú amat per lautre, en tant que s ajusten en amar. 1 1. Concordansa e amor se mesclen adones con lamic e lamat se concorden en amar la . j. lautre; e aitant com san pus bona gran durable amor, aitant pus fort concordansa e amor se mesclen e sajusten, es luyen de contrarietat e de departiment damic e damat; e per aisò concordansa e amor, si fortment son mesclades, neguns treballs aversitats' que lamic sostenga per amor, noi poden partir de son amat.

12. Contrarietat e amor se mesclen, en l amic, adones can lamic, en amar son amat, no seguex l orde de Ics rails damor; e per aisò aital amic es tost hiijat damar son bon amat, e . j. poca aversitat o trebayl que sostenga per amor, lo vens el fa irat contra son amat.

13. Comensament e amor se mesclen adones con lamic comensa a amar son amat; e con lamic comensa a montiplicar son amar per bontat granea duració, e les altres, adones amor comensa a ésser pus bona gran e durable; e per aisò lamic qui persevera en amor, tots jorns comensa créxer son amar.

14. Mijà e amor se mesclen en quant, de la amor del artíic e del amat, es fet . j. amar qui ajusta lamic a son amat; e con lamar qui ix de la amor del amic e del amat, està egual mejà enfre amdós, adonchs es aquela amor tan forts, que neguna res no poria partir lamic del amat, ni l amat del amic; e per aysò aquel amar tan preciós e tan ple damor, està tresaur damor e damic e damat; e lamic e lamat non vendrien aquel amar per negunes coses d aquest mon ni del autre.

15. Fi e amor se mesclen totes les vegades que lamic consira de son amat les sues valors e honraments, e desira veer e servir son amat; e can lamic ha molts languiments suspirs e plors per amors,' adones lamat comta los gaardons qui pertanyen a lamic per raó dels trebayls que sosté per amors; mas can lamic ama lamat per so que sia per él gaardonat dels trebayls que sosté per sa amor, adones fi e amor nos mesclen, enans se departexen es lunyen, e lamat no vol estar en la presencia de l amic qui noi ama per raó de sa bona e gran vertut.

16. Majoritat e amor se mesclen adones con lamic ama son amat ab major bontat granea duració e vertut; e per aysò amor puja estar en majoritat d amar, e on major es lamar, major es lo solàs el plaer del amic e del amat, e lamic qui està en lo major grau damor es tant embegut e amorificat damor, que los menors graus damor no sent ni ha daquels conexensa.

17. Egaltat e amor se mesclen adones con lamic el amat samen egualment per egaP bonea granea duració e poder. Aital egaltat damor no pot ésser en creatura, mas en Deu tan solament, qui ama egualment enfre sa amativitat e amabilitat; e per asò lome qui pot egualar, en soíi amat, lo bonificar magnificar durar, e los altres actus de les rails, puja son amar en penre alcuna semblansa' de son major amat.

j8. Menoritat e amor se mesclen con lamic ama poc son amat e con lo seu amar es bo per poca bontat, e es malaute con lamic suja de amar e esquiva los perils e les aversitats que lamat yol que aja lamic per sa amor; e per aysò los amadors qui amen lamat ab menor amor, no son bons ni grans amadors, e leugerament fan tracions e engans al amat.

Dit avem del mesclament damor, lo qual fa ab ses rails; e sil mesclament es per . iij. rails, es major que per . ij. , e si es per totes, es tan gran que major ésser no pot; e per aysò los amadors qui mesclen pus fort amor ab sos comensamens, son majors, pus bons, pus ferms e vertaders amadors, que los altres qui amor mesclen ab pocs comensamens.

Notes

  1. 1 ↩Catalan 'rails' kept as 'roots' (Llull's tree metaphor); 'comensamens' rendered as 'beginnings' (his principles/starting points of love).
  2. 2 ↩Normalized 'entcnció' as 'entenció' (intention); almost certainly a scribal/OCR corruption.
  3. 3 ↩Read 'la participació el solàs' as 'la participació e·l solàs' (participation and the solace); the coordinating 'e' is missing or fused in the witness.
  4. 4 ↩'corda d'amor' rendered literally as 'cord of love' (the binding bond); 'amic'/'amat' as 'lover'/'beloved', Llull's fixed pair.
  5. 5 ↩Llull’s technical pair amic/amat is rendered as lover/beloved; bo/bon amar as good loving; bonificar as make good (communicate/bestow goodness).
  6. 6 ↩Normalized reading treats corrupt "nií amat" (after "amat,'") as "ni l'amat": "nor the beloved toward his lover."
  7. 7 ↩Old Catalan sà rendered as wise (savi); in Llull this commonly qualifies love/loving as intellectually ordered rather than merely affective.
  8. 8 ↩Normalized reading taken as Catalan vencut ('conquered/vanquished'); the printed form vcnsut looks corrupt.
  9. 9 ↩àbit damor rendered as "love's habit" (habitus): the settled disposition by which loving becomes the will's clothed act, not mere custom.
  10. 10 ↩desamar rendered as "unloving," pairing with amar/loving in Llull's technical vocabulary rather than a softer "stop loving."
  11. 11 ↩Read 'vertuificarcs' as 'vertuificar es', parallel to the following 'per lamar es lo vertuificar'.
  12. 12 ↩'vertuificar' rendered as 'virtuing', Llull's technical act-noun parallel to 'amar'/'loving'; 'amorificat' as 'love-filled' (imbued with love).
  13. 13 ↩Sentence is segmented mid-phrase before medieval Roman '.j.'; sense continues in s3–s4 as 'la una de l'altra' (one in/of the other).
  14. 14 ↩Standalone medieval Roman numeral 'j.' (= 1 / una), segmented apart from 'la .j. de lautre' = 'la una de l'altra'.
  15. 15 ↩'desamors' rendered as 'unloving', pairing with amar/loving and with desamar in nearby sections; 'quis trameten' read as reciprocal qui·s trameten, 'who send each other'.
  16. 16 ↩Final clause nos pot celar ni pot a éls de no dir de son amar e son regne: rendered as inability both to conceal himself and to refrain from speaking to them of his love and kingdom; Old Catalan double-negative syntax is slightly opaque.
  17. 17 ↩gloriatiu / amatiu, gloriable / amable, gloriar / amar keep Llull's agent–patient–act correlatives: rendered glorifier/lover, glorifiable/lovable, glorifying/loving.
  18. 18 ↩subirà read as sobirà (sovereign), matching the earlier sobirà in the same sentence; treated as orthographic variant, not a different lemma.
  19. 19 ↩amant / amable / amar and differenciant / differenciable / differenciar keep Llull's agent–patient–act correlatives: rendered lover/lovable/loving and differentiating/differentiable/differentiating.
  20. 20 ↩Sentence is segmented mid-phrase before medieval Roman '.j.'; sense continues in s3 as 'l'un de l'autre' (the one from the other).
  21. 21 ↩Leading 'j,' read as medieval Roman numeral for 'un' in 'l'un de l'autre'; segmented apart from truncated 'la .' in s2.
  22. 22 ↩Source '1 1.' read as section number '11.', matching the chapter's numbered mixture entries.
  23. 23 ↩Sentence is segmented mid-phrase before medieval Roman '.j.'; sense continues in s6–s7 as 'l'un l'autre' (one another).
  24. 24 ↩amic/amat rendered lover/beloved, matching the established pair in this chapter; concordansa kept as 'concord' (Llullian Art root).
  25. 25 ↩Standalone medieval Roman numeral 'j.' (= 1 / un), segmented apart from 'la .j. lautre' = 'l'un l'autre'.
  26. 26 ↩Read 'san' as 's'han' (they have); 'es luyen' as 'e s'allunyen' (and they draw away); 'noi poden' as 'no'l poden' (cannot separate him); trailing apostrophe on 'aversitats'' treated as print noise.
  27. 27 ↩contrarietat rendered 'contrariety' and departiment 'parting', keeping Llull's Art pairing against concordansa/concord.
  28. 28 ↩Read 'Ics rails damor' as 'les rails d'amor' (the roots of love), matching the chapter title and nearby sections.
  29. 29 ↩Read 'hiijat' as 'fadigat' (wearied); less likely 'enujat' (vexed/wearied of). Sense: soon worn out of loving.
  30. 30 ↩Sentence is segmented mid-phrase before medieval Roman '.j.'; continuous witness is 'e .j. poca aversitat...' (= 'and one little adversity...'), resumed in s3–s4.
  31. 31 ↩Standalone medieval Roman numeral 'j.' (= 1 / una), segmented apart from 'e .j. poca aversitat' = 'and one little adversity'.
  32. 32 ↩Read 'lo vens el fa irat' as 'lo venç e'l fa irat' (overcomes him and makes him angry).
  33. 33 ↩"les altres" refers to the remaining roots of love in Llull's scheme, after goodness, greatness, and duration.
  34. 34 ↩Source reads artíic; rendered as amic (lover), matching the parallel del amic e del amat later in this section and Llull’s standard amic/amat pair.
  35. 35 ↩Sentence appears truncated in the source; the syntactic continuation is amar qui ajusta… in s4, interrupted by the corrupt fragment in s3.
  36. 36 ↩Isolated j. has no recoverable lexical sense; likely a line-break, pagination, or OCR fragment between es fet and amar qui ajusta.
  37. 37 ↩Llull’s amar (the act of loving) is kept distinct from amor (love); rendered loving vs love throughout.
  38. 38 ↩Catalan Fi is the Llullian root of final cause or purpose among the roots of love; rendered End to keep that technical sense beside neighboring roots (Mean, Majority).
  39. 39 ↩Majoritat names a Llullian root of love (paired with egaltat, equality, in the next section): the principle of greater/superior loving, not mere numerical majority.
  40. 40 ↩amorificat is a Llullian coinage (made-of-love / love-permeated); rendered here as 'filled with love' to keep the sense without inventing an English technical term.
  41. 41 ↩Egaltat names a Llullian root of love (paired with majoritat/menoritat): equality as a principle of loving, not mere sameness.
  42. 42 ↩Source 'egaP' read as 'egal' (equal), matching the equality theme and the parallel list bonea/granea/duració/poder.
  43. 43 ↩Amativitat and amabilitat are Llullian correlatives: the active power/act of loving and the passive quality of being lovable. In God these stand equal; rendered 'capacity to love' and 'lovableness'.
  44. 44 ↩Source 'soíi' read as 'son' (his): 'en son amat' = in his beloved. Stray apostrophe after 'semblansa' treated as punctuation noise.
  45. 45 ↩Source reads “j8.”; treated as the section number “18.” to match neighboring section numbering (17., then 19.).
  46. 46 ↩Reading “suja de amar” as “fuja de amar” (“flees from loving”), which fits the parallel with “esquiva” (“shuns”) and common f/s confusion in the witness.
  47. 47 ↩“Menoritat” is Llull’s technical root opposite greatness/equality here; rendered “littleness” rather than “minority,” which would mislead in modern English.
  48. 48 ↩“yol” taken as “vol” (“wants”); the clause means the Beloved wills that the lover undergo those trials for love of him.
  49. 49 ↩comensamens: rendered as 'principles' (Llullian començaments), which this work equates with the rails/roots of the Tree of Love; not temporal 'beginnings' alone.

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